Nouvelle page publication

@article{bardon_audis_2023,

title = {AUDIS : Mieux prévenir le suicide chez les personnes autistes ou présentant une déficience intellectuelle},

author = {Cécile Bardon and Véronique Longtin and Rébecca Beaulieu-Bergeron},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-03-01},

volume = {La pratique en mouvement},

number = {25},

pages = {7--11},

abstract = {[Sans résumé] 

QUÉBEC 

CANADA 

IDÉATION 

TENTATIVE 

INTERVENTION 

INTERVENTION-CRISE 

TROUBLE-SPECTRE-AUTISME 

DÉFICIENCE-INTELLECTUELLE 

DÉPISTAGE 

POTENTIEL-SUICIDAIRE 

COMPORTEMENT-VIOLENT 

CONCEPT-MORT 

NEUROLOGIE},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{genest_suicidal_2022,

title = {Suicidal ideation of healthcare workers during COVID-19: An ecological momentary assessment},

author = {Christine Genest and Nicolas Bergeron and Émilie Provost-Tremblay and Marie-Michèle Dufour and Stéphane Guay and Steve Geoffrion},

url = {https://sips-snahp.ojs.umontreal.ca/index.php/sips-snahp/article/view/76},

doi = {doi.org/10.7202/snahp},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-12-15},

urldate = {2022-12-15},

volume = {5},

number = {2},

pages = {89--100},

abstract = {textbfIntroduction: The COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on the psychological health of healthcare workers (HCWs). Cross-sectional studies report suicidal ideation in this population during this period, but no longitudinal study has examined the evolution of these ideas over time. Objectives: To assess the evolution of suicidal ideation of HCWs during the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic among Quebec (Canada) HCWs and to identify the risk factors involved. textbfMethods: A longitudinal study among Quebec (Canada) HCWs using ecological momentary assessment was conducted between May 8, 2020, and March 31, 2021 (corresponding to the second half of the first wave to the end of the second). Participants (n=865) answered weekly questions related to anxiety (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9), suicidal ideation (PHQ-9 Q.9), exposure to COVID-19, exposure to COVID-19-related deaths, their infection status and that of their co-workers and loved ones, as well as the amount of time they spent consuming news related to COVID-19. textbfResults: Proportion of suicidal ideation increased from May to June 2020 (second half of the first wave) peaking at 18% before declining up to March 2021. Anxiety and depression symptoms severity increased those ideations as well as having a colleague confirmed positive to COVID-19. Social support does not appear to be a protective factor for suicidal ideation. Suicidal thoughts are associated with media consumption and appear to be mediated by the presence of clinical distress expressed as depressive or anxiety states. textbfDiscussion and conclusion: Media consumption in a pandemic context is associated with anxiety and depression, the more severe states of which may express suicidal ideation. Without inferring causality relationship, it seems advisable for HCWs to limit their media exposure during a disaster such as a pandemic. 

 

QUÉBEC 

CANADA 

IDÉATION 

PERSONNEL-MÉDICAL 

SANTÉ-MENTALE 

ÉPIDÉMIE 

SOUTIEN-SOCIAL 

ANXIÉTÉ 

DÉPRESSION 

MÉDIA 

ÉTUDE-LONGITUDINALE},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{stijelja_preventing_2022,

title = {Preventing suicidal and self-Injurious behavior in correctional facilities: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis},

author = {Stefan Stijelja and Brian Mishara},

doi = {10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101560},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-09-01},

volume = {51},

pages = {101560},

abstract = {Summary Background Rates of suicide and self-harm are elevated in carceral institutions. Inmates are a vulnerable group since they are exposed to multiple risk factors. This paper critically reviews empirical research on programs to prevent suicidal and self-harmful behaviors in correctional facilities and summarizes effect sizes across studies. Methods We searched PsychINFO, PubMed, IEEEXPLORE and the CRISE Documentation Centre Database to identify relevant articles published before June 2022. Inclusion criteria were: peer-reviewed and with outcome data on effectiveness of prevention activities. Two reviewers independently assessed 905 articles to determine inclusion eligibility. Quality was assessed by two independent reviewers using the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies. Meta-analyses using random-effect models were used to pool effect sizes for each outcome. This review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Findings Twenty-four of the 905 articles, published between 1980 and 2022, were included. Studies were frequently conducted in the United States (n=13; 54%) and used varying study designs; most frequently pre-post with no control group (n=9; 38%). Sample sizes and interventions varied considerably. Most were of moderate quality (n=21; 88%). On average, prevention programs in correctional facilities were effective in decreasing suicide deaths (pooled rate ratio of 0·35 [95% CI 0·23 to 0·55; ptextless0·001]; I2=68·01%), incidents of self-harm (pooled Hedges'g of -0·54 (95% CI: -1·03 to -0·05; p=0·031]; I2=81·34%), and suicidal ideation (pooled Hedges'g of -0·39 [95% CI: -0·65 to -0·14; p=0·003]; I2=47·09%). Interpretation Prevention activities are effective in reducing suicide death, self-harm and suicidal ideation in correctional settings. Multicomponent programs, which include several preventive activities, seem to be most effective in reducing suicide deaths. Future evaluation studies should control for confounding variables by including control groups, having larger samples and limiting attrition. Standards for suicide prevention in jails and prisons should be included in National suicide prevention strategies. Funding None. PRÉVENTIONMILIEU-CARCÉRALDÉTENUINTERVENTIONREVUE-LITTÉRATUREMÉTA-ANALYSE},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{cote_effect_2022,

title = {Effect of helping suicidal people using text messaging: An evaluation of effects and best practices of the Canadian suicide prevention Service's text helpline},

author = {Louis-Philippe Côté and Brian Mishara},

doi = {10.1111/sltb.12908},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-08-10},

volume = {52},

number = {6},

pages = {1140--1148},

abstract = {textbfBackground: Empirical research on best practices in suicide prevention text intervention is scarce. We present analyses of exchanges concerning suicide on the Canadian Suicide Prevention Service (CSPS) text helpline. textbfObjective: To describe the users of the CSPS text service, explore the perceived impact of the service, and identify intervention characteristics associated with a greater likelihood of positive or negative effects of the exchanges. textbfMethods: We analyzed data from 112 transcripts using quantitative content analysis, counselor assessments of the calls, and responses by callers to pre-call questionnaires. textbfResults: Counselors infrequently conducted a complete suicide risk assessment, but almost always thoroughly explored resources and discussed possible solutions to callers' problems. An operational action plan was rarely developed. Only one technique, reinforcing a strength or a positive action of the caller, was a significant predictor of positive effects of the call. The number of words exchanged during the intervention was positively correlated with the completeness of explorations of resources and solutions and the development of an action plan. textbfConclusions: High-quality effective interventions can be delivered via text messages. Using reinforcement of strengths and encouraging longer calls is recommended. Intervention effects were comparable to those reported in studies of telephone and chat services. CANADA 

CENTRE-PRÉVENTION-SUICIDE 

INTERVENTION 

INTERVENTION-CRISE 

QUALITÉ-SOIN 

COUNSELING 

ÉVALUATION 

INTERVENANT},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ummel_perdre_2022,

title = {Perdre un être cher en contexte de COVID-19 : le deuil pandémique comme expérience de deuil désaffranchi ?},

author = {Deborah Ummel and Mélanie Vachon},

doi = {10.7202/1089342ar},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-07-08},

volume = {33},

number = {1},

pages = {[xx--xx]},

abstract = {Les mesures de santé publique (confinement et distanciation physique) imposées pour freiner la propagation de la COVID-19 engendrent des effets collatéraux psychosociaux majeurs pour les proches aidants. La communauté virtuelle de soutien J’accompagne, sous forme de recherche-action participative, vise à mieux comprendre le deuil pandémique et à briser l’isolement des endeuillés. L’analyse phénoménologique interprétative des entretiens individuels réalisés auprès de 35 proches aidants nous permet de décrire le deuil pandémique par la trajectoire suivante : 1) parcours de proche aidance, 2) rétrécissement de la fenêtre temporelle du mourir, 3) décès souvent soudain et 4) deuil pandémique, partageant certaines similitudes avec le deuil désaffranchi. Des pistes d’intervention pour favoriser la représentation de la perte sont proposées, comme la mise en récit et l’échange d’expérience, dans un espace de soutien collectif. QUÉBEC 

CANADA 

DEUIL 

ENDEUILLÉ 

PERTE-PROCHE 

MALADIE-PHYSIQUE 

MALADIE-TERMINALE 

AIDANT 

ÉTUDE-QUALITATIVE 

RITUEL-FUNÉRAIRE 

ACCOMPAGNEMENT-MOURANT},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{plaisance_quebec_2022,

title = {Quebec population highly supportive of extending Medical Aid in Dying to incapacitated persons and people suffering only from a mental illness: Content analysis of attitudes and representations},

author = {A. Plaisance and Brian Mishara and J. Masella and G. Bravo and V. Couture and D. Tapp},

doi = {10.1016/j.jemep.2022.100759},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

urldate = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Ethics, Medicine and Public Health},

volume = {21},

pages = {100759},

abstract = {textbfBackground: In 2015, the province of Quebec in Canada became one of the few jurisdictions to legalize medically assisted dying. Thereafter, a public commission was mandated to study the extension of Medical Aid in Dying (MAiD) to incapacitated persons and people suffering from only a mental illness. To better understand debates concerning different forms of assisted dying and their eligibility conditions, we assessed the attitudes of the Quebec general population toward extending Medical Aid in Dying to incapacitated persons and those suffering only from a mental illness and their representations of those practices. textbfMethodology: We conducted an interpretative content analysis of 31 semi-structured interviews conducted as part of a large-scale study aimed at documenting Knowledge, Attitudes, and Representations of Quebecers regarding MAiD, continuous palliative sedation, and palliative care (KAR Study). Our analysis was complexified since participants often mixed responses regarding different current and proposed end-of-life practices, and they frequently declared a lack of knowledge of practices. To illustrate this emerging aspect of our results, we quantitated the content of the interview transcripts to create a structured qualitative dataset. textbfResults: Of the 31 participants, 29 were in favour of MAiD. All those in favour considered that the practice should be accessible to incapacitated persons and 27 of them believed that access should be granted to those who suffer only from a mental illness. However, 20 of the 31 participants (64.5%) confused the term Medical Aid in Dying with other legal forms of end-of-life practices such as palliative care, withdrawing, and withholding of life-sustaining treatments, and advance directives about treatment. Sixteen (51.6%) said they lacked knowledge about one or several of the end-of-life practices discussed in the interview. textbfConclusion: Although the participants were very favorable toward MAiD, there was widespread confusion in participants’ understanding of what constitutes MAiD, thinking it includes other currently legal end-of-life practices. It is not possible to determine whether our participants were in favour of the extension of MAiD to incapacitated persons and people suffering from mental illnesses, or if they were in favour of various currently legal end-of-life interventions for those populations. QUÉBEC 

CANADA 

SUICIDE-ASSISTÉ 

EUTHANASIE 

ATTITUDE 

SOIN-PALLIATIF 

FIN-DE-VIE 

JURIDIQUE 

SANTÉ-MENTALE 

ARRÊT-TRAITEMENT},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{bardon_presentation_2021,

title = {Présentation synthétique du projet ayant pour titre :Stratégie innovante de mobilisation des connaissances en prévention du suicide chez les personnes ayant une déficience intellectuelle ou un trouble du spectre de láutisme : collaborer avec le réseau pour améliorer les services},

author = {Cécile Bardon and Diane Morin and Lorraine Millette},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-09-01},

urldate = {2021-09-01},

journal = {La revue de l'observatoire en inclusion sociale},

volume = {3},

number = {1},

pages = {9--12},

abstract = {Les milieux d’intervention sont de plus en plus sensibilisés au fait que les personnes ayant une déficience intellectuelle (DI) ou un trouble du spectre de l’autisme (TSA) risquent de vivre de la détresse et de développer des idéations suicidaires, de faire des tentatives de suicide ou de décéder par suicide. Par conséquent, la prévention du suicide chez ces populations est un enjeu de plus en plus pressant. Les milieux spécialisés en intervention auprès des personnes ayant une DI ou un TSA ont pris conscience depuis quelques années de leurs besoins dans ce domaine et demandent des ressources et des outils adaptés à leurs usagers. En effet, les personnes ayant une DI ou un TSA présentent des particularités cognitives, affectives, communicationnelles, sociales et médicales qui rendent difficile l’application des pratiques utilisées pour la population générale et qui peuvent mener à des difficultés de coordination entre les milieux de la santé mentale, de la prévention du suicide et de la réadaptation. Afin de répondre aux besoins des milieux, il est important de construire et de diffuser des outils de prévention du suicide adaptés aux spécificités des usagers et des milieux. Il est donc important de construire des processus d’appropriation des connaissances adaptés aux différents contextes de la prévention du suicide chez les personnes ayant une DI ou un TSA afin de favoriser leur utilisation dans les milieux de la réadaptation et les collaborations avec les milieux de la santé mentale. PRÉVENTION 

RETARD-MENTAL 

DÉTRESSE 

MODÈLE 

DÉPISTAGE 

FACTEUR-RISQUE 

FACTEUR-PROTECTION 

INTERVENTION},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{genest_emerging_2021,

title = {Emerging despite the indelible wound: A grounded theory of family transformation following adolescent suicide},

author = {Christine Genest and Francine Gratton and Tara O’Reilly and Émilie Allard and Nathalie Maltais},

doi = {10.1177/10748407211006183},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-02},

journal = {Journal of Family Nursing},

abstract = {Family members of a person who has died by suicide are at an increased risk of experiencing depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, suicide ideation, and suicide. However, despite the experience of losing a family member to suicide, most families continue to function and even live well following this difficult experience. This study sought to understand and describe the transformation process that occurs in family member survivors using a grounded theory approach. Seven families, who experienced the loss of an adolescent in their family by suicide, participated in this qualitative study that used a grounded theory methodology. The results describe the transformation process experienced by the family, one of growth and learning, even though the wound from their tragic loss was still present. According to the grounded theory developed in this study, the suicide is a cataclysm, followed by a sinking period that is tempered by the presence of lifebuoys, which are supports that can be found within the families or from people around them. It is necessary for family nurses to understand this transformation process to better support surviving family members and improve suicide postvention care. 



Les proches d’une personne décédée par suicide sont à risque accru de souffrir d’une dépression, d’un trouble de stress post-traumatique, d’idéations suicidaires et de décéder par suicide. Or, malgré cette difficile expérience de perdre un membre de la famille par suicide, la plupart des familles continuent à fonctionner et peuvent bien vivre. Cette étude utilise une théorisation ancrée pour comprendre et décrire le processus de transformation qui survient chez les membres d’une famille suite au décès par suicide d’un proche. Sept familles ayant vécu la perte par suicide d’un adolescent dans leur famille ont participé à cette étude qualitative utilisant une méthode de théorisation ancrée. Les résultats décrivent le processus de transformation vécu dans la famille, un processus de croissance et d’apprentissage, malgré la présence d’une vive blessure suite à cette perte tragique. Suivant la théorisation ancrée développée dans cette étude, le suicide d’un proche est un cataclysme; cet événement est suivi d’une période de descente, qui peut être atténuée par la présence de bouées de sauvetage, des soutiens qui peuvent être trouvés dans la famille ou les proches. Il est nécessaire pour les infirmières agissant auprès de la famille de comprendre ce processus de transformation afin de mieux soutenir les membres survivants et d’améliorer les soins de postvention à la suite d’un suicide.

QUÉBEC 

CANADA 

ADOLESCENT 

SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ 

POSTVENTION 

FAMILLE 

DEUIL 

ENDEUILLÉ 

DEUIL-SUICIDE 

PERTE-PROCHE 

PERTE-ENFANT 

ÉTUDE-QUALITATIVE 

PROCESSUS-DEUIL 

SOUTIEN-SOCIAL 

COHÉSION-GROUPE 

COLÈRE 

HONTE 

STIGMATISATION 

PERSONNEL-MÉDICAL 

RITUEL},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{bardon_audis_2023,

title = {AUDIS : Mieux prévenir le suicide chez les personnes autistes ou présentant une déficience intellectuelle},

author = {Cécile Bardon and Véronique Longtin and Rébecca Beaulieu-Bergeron},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-03-01},

volume = {La pratique en mouvement},

number = {25},

pages = {7--11},

abstract = {[Sans résumé] 

QUÉBEC 

CANADA 

IDÉATION 

TENTATIVE 

INTERVENTION 

INTERVENTION-CRISE 

TROUBLE-SPECTRE-AUTISME 

DÉFICIENCE-INTELLECTUELLE 

DÉPISTAGE 

POTENTIEL-SUICIDAIRE 

COMPORTEMENT-VIOLENT 

CONCEPT-MORT 

NEUROLOGIE},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{genest_suicidal_2022,

title = {Suicidal ideation of healthcare workers during COVID-19: An ecological momentary assessment},

author = {Christine Genest and Nicolas Bergeron and Émilie Provost-Tremblay and Marie-Michèle Dufour and Stéphane Guay and Steve Geoffrion},

url = {https://sips-snahp.ojs.umontreal.ca/index.php/sips-snahp/article/view/76},

doi = {doi.org/10.7202/snahp},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-12-15},

urldate = {2022-12-15},

volume = {5},

number = {2},

pages = {89--100},

abstract = {textbfIntroduction: The COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on the psychological health of healthcare workers (HCWs). Cross-sectional studies report suicidal ideation in this population during this period, but no longitudinal study has examined the evolution of these ideas over time. Objectives: To assess the evolution of suicidal ideation of HCWs during the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic among Quebec (Canada) HCWs and to identify the risk factors involved. textbfMethods: A longitudinal study among Quebec (Canada) HCWs using ecological momentary assessment was conducted between May 8, 2020, and March 31, 2021 (corresponding to the second half of the first wave to the end of the second). Participants (n=865) answered weekly questions related to anxiety (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9), suicidal ideation (PHQ-9 Q.9), exposure to COVID-19, exposure to COVID-19-related deaths, their infection status and that of their co-workers and loved ones, as well as the amount of time they spent consuming news related to COVID-19. textbfResults: Proportion of suicidal ideation increased from May to June 2020 (second half of the first wave) peaking at 18% before declining up to March 2021. Anxiety and depression symptoms severity increased those ideations as well as having a colleague confirmed positive to COVID-19. Social support does not appear to be a protective factor for suicidal ideation. Suicidal thoughts are associated with media consumption and appear to be mediated by the presence of clinical distress expressed as depressive or anxiety states. textbfDiscussion and conclusion: Media consumption in a pandemic context is associated with anxiety and depression, the more severe states of which may express suicidal ideation. Without inferring causality relationship, it seems advisable for HCWs to limit their media exposure during a disaster such as a pandemic. 

 

QUÉBEC 

CANADA 

IDÉATION 

PERSONNEL-MÉDICAL 

SANTÉ-MENTALE 

ÉPIDÉMIE 

SOUTIEN-SOCIAL 

ANXIÉTÉ 

DÉPRESSION 

MÉDIA 

ÉTUDE-LONGITUDINALE},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{stijelja_preventing_2022,

title = {Preventing suicidal and self-Injurious behavior in correctional facilities: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis},

author = {Stefan Stijelja and Brian Mishara},

doi = {10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101560},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-09-01},

volume = {51},

pages = {101560},

abstract = {Summary Background Rates of suicide and self-harm are elevated in carceral institutions. Inmates are a vulnerable group since they are exposed to multiple risk factors. This paper critically reviews empirical research on programs to prevent suicidal and self-harmful behaviors in correctional facilities and summarizes effect sizes across studies. Methods We searched PsychINFO, PubMed, IEEEXPLORE and the CRISE Documentation Centre Database to identify relevant articles published before June 2022. Inclusion criteria were: peer-reviewed and with outcome data on effectiveness of prevention activities. Two reviewers independently assessed 905 articles to determine inclusion eligibility. Quality was assessed by two independent reviewers using the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies. Meta-analyses using random-effect models were used to pool effect sizes for each outcome. This review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Findings Twenty-four of the 905 articles, published between 1980 and 2022, were included. Studies were frequently conducted in the United States (n=13; 54%) and used varying study designs; most frequently pre-post with no control group (n=9; 38%). Sample sizes and interventions varied considerably. Most were of moderate quality (n=21; 88%). On average, prevention programs in correctional facilities were effective in decreasing suicide deaths (pooled rate ratio of 0·35 [95% CI 0·23 to 0·55; ptextless0·001]; I2=68·01%), incidents of self-harm (pooled Hedges'g of -0·54 (95% CI: -1·03 to -0·05; p=0·031]; I2=81·34%), and suicidal ideation (pooled Hedges'g of -0·39 [95% CI: -0·65 to -0·14; p=0·003]; I2=47·09%). Interpretation Prevention activities are effective in reducing suicide death, self-harm and suicidal ideation in correctional settings. Multicomponent programs, which include several preventive activities, seem to be most effective in reducing suicide deaths. Future evaluation studies should control for confounding variables by including control groups, having larger samples and limiting attrition. Standards for suicide prevention in jails and prisons should be included in National suicide prevention strategies. Funding None. PRÉVENTIONMILIEU-CARCÉRALDÉTENUINTERVENTIONREVUE-LITTÉRATUREMÉTA-ANALYSE},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{cote_effect_2022,

title = {Effect of helping suicidal people using text messaging: An evaluation of effects and best practices of the Canadian suicide prevention Service's text helpline},

author = {Louis-Philippe Côté and Brian Mishara},

doi = {10.1111/sltb.12908},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-08-10},

volume = {52},

number = {6},

pages = {1140--1148},

abstract = {textbfBackground: Empirical research on best practices in suicide prevention text intervention is scarce. We present analyses of exchanges concerning suicide on the Canadian Suicide Prevention Service (CSPS) text helpline. textbfObjective: To describe the users of the CSPS text service, explore the perceived impact of the service, and identify intervention characteristics associated with a greater likelihood of positive or negative effects of the exchanges. textbfMethods: We analyzed data from 112 transcripts using quantitative content analysis, counselor assessments of the calls, and responses by callers to pre-call questionnaires. textbfResults: Counselors infrequently conducted a complete suicide risk assessment, but almost always thoroughly explored resources and discussed possible solutions to callers' problems. An operational action plan was rarely developed. Only one technique, reinforcing a strength or a positive action of the caller, was a significant predictor of positive effects of the call. The number of words exchanged during the intervention was positively correlated with the completeness of explorations of resources and solutions and the development of an action plan. textbfConclusions: High-quality effective interventions can be delivered via text messages. Using reinforcement of strengths and encouraging longer calls is recommended. Intervention effects were comparable to those reported in studies of telephone and chat services. CANADA 

CENTRE-PRÉVENTION-SUICIDE 

INTERVENTION 

INTERVENTION-CRISE 

QUALITÉ-SOIN 

COUNSELING 

ÉVALUATION 

INTERVENANT},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ummel_perdre_2022,

title = {Perdre un être cher en contexte de COVID-19 : le deuil pandémique comme expérience de deuil désaffranchi ?},

author = {Deborah Ummel and Mélanie Vachon},

doi = {10.7202/1089342ar},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-07-08},

volume = {33},

number = {1},

pages = {[xx--xx]},

abstract = {Les mesures de santé publique (confinement et distanciation physique) imposées pour freiner la propagation de la COVID-19 engendrent des effets collatéraux psychosociaux majeurs pour les proches aidants. La communauté virtuelle de soutien J’accompagne, sous forme de recherche-action participative, vise à mieux comprendre le deuil pandémique et à briser l’isolement des endeuillés. L’analyse phénoménologique interprétative des entretiens individuels réalisés auprès de 35 proches aidants nous permet de décrire le deuil pandémique par la trajectoire suivante : 1) parcours de proche aidance, 2) rétrécissement de la fenêtre temporelle du mourir, 3) décès souvent soudain et 4) deuil pandémique, partageant certaines similitudes avec le deuil désaffranchi. Des pistes d’intervention pour favoriser la représentation de la perte sont proposées, comme la mise en récit et l’échange d’expérience, dans un espace de soutien collectif. QUÉBEC 

CANADA 

DEUIL 

ENDEUILLÉ 

PERTE-PROCHE 

MALADIE-PHYSIQUE 

MALADIE-TERMINALE 

AIDANT 

ÉTUDE-QUALITATIVE 

RITUEL-FUNÉRAIRE 

ACCOMPAGNEMENT-MOURANT},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{plaisance_quebec_2022,

title = {Quebec population highly supportive of extending Medical Aid in Dying to incapacitated persons and people suffering only from a mental illness: Content analysis of attitudes and representations},

author = {A. Plaisance and Brian Mishara and J. Masella and G. Bravo and V. Couture and D. Tapp},

doi = {10.1016/j.jemep.2022.100759},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

urldate = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Ethics, Medicine and Public Health},

volume = {21},

pages = {100759},

abstract = {textbfBackground: In 2015, the province of Quebec in Canada became one of the few jurisdictions to legalize medically assisted dying. Thereafter, a public commission was mandated to study the extension of Medical Aid in Dying (MAiD) to incapacitated persons and people suffering from only a mental illness. To better understand debates concerning different forms of assisted dying and their eligibility conditions, we assessed the attitudes of the Quebec general population toward extending Medical Aid in Dying to incapacitated persons and those suffering only from a mental illness and their representations of those practices. textbfMethodology: We conducted an interpretative content analysis of 31 semi-structured interviews conducted as part of a large-scale study aimed at documenting Knowledge, Attitudes, and Representations of Quebecers regarding MAiD, continuous palliative sedation, and palliative care (KAR Study). Our analysis was complexified since participants often mixed responses regarding different current and proposed end-of-life practices, and they frequently declared a lack of knowledge of practices. To illustrate this emerging aspect of our results, we quantitated the content of the interview transcripts to create a structured qualitative dataset. textbfResults: Of the 31 participants, 29 were in favour of MAiD. All those in favour considered that the practice should be accessible to incapacitated persons and 27 of them believed that access should be granted to those who suffer only from a mental illness. However, 20 of the 31 participants (64.5%) confused the term Medical Aid in Dying with other legal forms of end-of-life practices such as palliative care, withdrawing, and withholding of life-sustaining treatments, and advance directives about treatment. Sixteen (51.6%) said they lacked knowledge about one or several of the end-of-life practices discussed in the interview. textbfConclusion: Although the participants were very favorable toward MAiD, there was widespread confusion in participants’ understanding of what constitutes MAiD, thinking it includes other currently legal end-of-life practices. It is not possible to determine whether our participants were in favour of the extension of MAiD to incapacitated persons and people suffering from mental illnesses, or if they were in favour of various currently legal end-of-life interventions for those populations. QUÉBEC 

CANADA 

SUICIDE-ASSISTÉ 

EUTHANASIE 

ATTITUDE 

SOIN-PALLIATIF 

FIN-DE-VIE 

JURIDIQUE 

SANTÉ-MENTALE 

ARRÊT-TRAITEMENT},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{bardon_presentation_2021,

title = {Présentation synthétique du projet ayant pour titre :Stratégie innovante de mobilisation des connaissances en prévention du suicide chez les personnes ayant une déficience intellectuelle ou un trouble du spectre de láutisme : collaborer avec le réseau pour améliorer les services},

author = {Cécile Bardon and Diane Morin and Lorraine Millette},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-09-01},

urldate = {2021-09-01},

journal = {La revue de l'observatoire en inclusion sociale},

volume = {3},

number = {1},

pages = {9--12},

abstract = {Les milieux d’intervention sont de plus en plus sensibilisés au fait que les personnes ayant une déficience intellectuelle (DI) ou un trouble du spectre de l’autisme (TSA) risquent de vivre de la détresse et de développer des idéations suicidaires, de faire des tentatives de suicide ou de décéder par suicide. Par conséquent, la prévention du suicide chez ces populations est un enjeu de plus en plus pressant. Les milieux spécialisés en intervention auprès des personnes ayant une DI ou un TSA ont pris conscience depuis quelques années de leurs besoins dans ce domaine et demandent des ressources et des outils adaptés à leurs usagers. En effet, les personnes ayant une DI ou un TSA présentent des particularités cognitives, affectives, communicationnelles, sociales et médicales qui rendent difficile l’application des pratiques utilisées pour la population générale et qui peuvent mener à des difficultés de coordination entre les milieux de la santé mentale, de la prévention du suicide et de la réadaptation. Afin de répondre aux besoins des milieux, il est important de construire et de diffuser des outils de prévention du suicide adaptés aux spécificités des usagers et des milieux. Il est donc important de construire des processus d’appropriation des connaissances adaptés aux différents contextes de la prévention du suicide chez les personnes ayant une DI ou un TSA afin de favoriser leur utilisation dans les milieux de la réadaptation et les collaborations avec les milieux de la santé mentale. PRÉVENTION 

RETARD-MENTAL 

DÉTRESSE 

MODÈLE 

DÉPISTAGE 

FACTEUR-RISQUE 

FACTEUR-PROTECTION 

INTERVENTION},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{genest_emerging_2021,

title = {Emerging despite the indelible wound: A grounded theory of family transformation following adolescent suicide},

author = {Christine Genest and Francine Gratton and Tara O’Reilly and Émilie Allard and Nathalie Maltais},

doi = {10.1177/10748407211006183},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-02},

journal = {Journal of Family Nursing},

abstract = {Family members of a person who has died by suicide are at an increased risk of experiencing depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, suicide ideation, and suicide. However, despite the experience of losing a family member to suicide, most families continue to function and even live well following this difficult experience. This study sought to understand and describe the transformation process that occurs in family member survivors using a grounded theory approach. Seven families, who experienced the loss of an adolescent in their family by suicide, participated in this qualitative study that used a grounded theory methodology. The results describe the transformation process experienced by the family, one of growth and learning, even though the wound from their tragic loss was still present. According to the grounded theory developed in this study, the suicide is a cataclysm, followed by a sinking period that is tempered by the presence of lifebuoys, which are supports that can be found within the families or from people around them. It is necessary for family nurses to understand this transformation process to better support surviving family members and improve suicide postvention care. 



Les proches d’une personne décédée par suicide sont à risque accru de souffrir d’une dépression, d’un trouble de stress post-traumatique, d’idéations suicidaires et de décéder par suicide. Or, malgré cette difficile expérience de perdre un membre de la famille par suicide, la plupart des familles continuent à fonctionner et peuvent bien vivre. Cette étude utilise une théorisation ancrée pour comprendre et décrire le processus de transformation qui survient chez les membres d’une famille suite au décès par suicide d’un proche. Sept familles ayant vécu la perte par suicide d’un adolescent dans leur famille ont participé à cette étude qualitative utilisant une méthode de théorisation ancrée. Les résultats décrivent le processus de transformation vécu dans la famille, un processus de croissance et d’apprentissage, malgré la présence d’une vive blessure suite à cette perte tragique. Suivant la théorisation ancrée développée dans cette étude, le suicide d’un proche est un cataclysme; cet événement est suivi d’une période de descente, qui peut être atténuée par la présence de bouées de sauvetage, des soutiens qui peuvent être trouvés dans la famille ou les proches. Il est nécessaire pour les infirmières agissant auprès de la famille de comprendre ce processus de transformation afin de mieux soutenir les membres survivants et d’améliorer les soins de postvention à la suite d’un suicide.

QUÉBEC 

CANADA 

ADOLESCENT 

SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ 

POSTVENTION 

FAMILLE 

DEUIL 

ENDEUILLÉ 

DEUIL-SUICIDE 

PERTE-PROCHE 

PERTE-ENFANT 

ÉTUDE-QUALITATIVE 

PROCESSUS-DEUIL 

SOUTIEN-SOCIAL 

COHÉSION-GROUPE 

COLÈRE 

HONTE 

STIGMATISATION 

PERSONNEL-MÉDICAL 

RITUEL},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{dorol-beauroy-eustache_systematic_2021,

title = {Systematic review of risk and protective factors for suicidal and self-harm behaviors among children and adolescents involved with cyberbullying},

author = {Ophély Dorol-Beauroy-Eustache and Brian Mishara},

doi = {10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106684},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

urldate = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Preventive Medicine},

volume = {152},

number = {1},

pages = {106684},

abstract = {Cyberbullying is associated with increased risk of suicidal and self-harm behaviors in children and adolescents. However, no review to date has explored factors that exacerbate and mitigate this relationship. This systematic review concerns research on factors that influence the impact of cyberbullying on suicidal and self-harm behaviors. Four bibliographic databases were explored and references in included articles were searched. We identified 727 articles and retained 66 that met inclusion criteria. Research has identified multiple risk factors which have been associated with increased suicide risk in general (mental health problems, substance abuse, loneliness, stress, sexual orientation/gender identity issues and violent behaviors). Others risk factors more specific to cyberbullying were: Autism Spectrum Disorder, Intellectual and Developmental Disorders, obesity, having asthma and severity of cyberbullying. Fewer studies concern protective factors. School connectedness, restrictive style of parenting, parental support, life satisfaction, having a healthy diet, personal skills and having family dinners were associated with less risk of suicidal and self-harm behaviors following cyberbullying. These protective factors suggest prevention strategies to reduce the impacts of cyberbullying by teaching better personal skills, promoting school social connections and proposing family interventions. More research is needed including exploration of the differential impacts of different forms of cyberbullying, and evaluations of the impacts of programs to increase personal skills, improve family relationships and foster school connectedness to reducing suicidal and self-harm behaviors in this vulnerable population. ENFANT 

ADOLESCENT 

IDÉATION 

TENTATIVE 

COMPORTEMENT-SUICIDAIRE 

COMPORTEMENT-AUTODESTRUCTEUR 

AUTO-MUTILATION 

BULLYING 

INTERNET 

FACTEUR-RISQUE 

SANTÉ-MENTALE 

ABUS-SUBSTANCE 

SOLITUDE 

STRESS 

HOMOSEXUALITÉ 

TRANSEXUALISME 

COMPORTEMENT-VIOLENT 

RETARD-MENTAL 

OBÉSITÉ 

MALADIE-CHRONIQUE 

FACTEUR-PROTECTION 

INTÉGRATION-SOCIALE 

FAMILLE 

REVUE-LITTÉRATURE},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{mishara_genetic_2021,

title = {Genetic testing for suicide risk assessment: Theoretical premises, research challenges and ethical concerns},

author = {Brian Mishara and David N Weisstub},

doi = {10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106685},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Preventive Medicine},

abstract = {We explore ethical premises and practical implications of using genetic testing to predict suicide risk. Twin studies indicate heritable components of suicide risk, intertwined with the heritability of mental disorders, and possibly other traits. Current genetics research has abandoned searching for single gene Mendelian determinants, in favour of complex probabilistic epigenetic models. Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) might identify thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), each contributing very little to the variance associated with behavioral phenotypes. However, suicide is a behavioral outcome rather than a phenotype, with so many different causal aetiologies, that it is impossible to predict the behaviors of individuals. We analyse practical and ethical issues that would arise if future research were to identify genetic information that will accurately predict suicide. Applying ACCE guidelines that specify when genetic tests should and should not be used, we examine the Analytic Validity, Clinical Validity, Clinical Utility and Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications. Low sensitivity and specificity for predicting suicide diminish potential advantages and exacerbate risks. Key considerations include the likelihood that testing will result in effective preventive interventions, which are not currently available, and unreliable positive results increasing hopelessness, stigma, and psychosocial risks. If the unregulated direct-to-consumer genetic testing services include suicide risk assessments, their use risks negative impacts. In the future, if genetic testing could accurately identify suicide risk in individuals, its use would be contraindicated if we cannot provide effective preventive interventions and mitigate the negative impacts of informing people about their risk level. 



Cet article se penche sur les prémisses éthiques et les implications pratiques d’avoir recours aux tests génétiques pour prédire le risque suicidaire. Des études sur des jumeaux indiquent les facteurs héréditaires du risque suicidaire, interreliés avec les facteurs héréditaires des troubles de santé mentale et possiblement d’autres traits. Les études génétiques actuelles ont délaissé la recherche de déterminants génétiques issus d’un gène unique, au profit de modèles épigénétiques probabilistes complexes. Les études d’association pangénomiques (Genome-Wide Association Studies) peuvent identifier des milliers de polymorphismes singuliers de nucléotides (SNP), chacun contribuant de manière minimale à la variance associée aux phénotypes comportementaux. Or, le suicide est la conséquence d’un comportement plutôt qu’un phénotype. Il compte une grande diversité d’étiologies causales, de sorte qu’il est impossible de prédire les comportements des individus. Cette étude analyse les enjeux pratiques et éthiques qui pourraient émerger si les recherches futures étaient en mesure d’identifier les informations génétiques permettant des pronostics précis sur le suicide. Suivant les lignes directrices ACCE qui spécifient quand les tests génétiques devraient être utilisés ou pas, cette étude se penche sur la validité analytique, la validité clinique, l’utilité clinique et les implications éthiques, légales et sociales.  De faibles niveaux de sensibilité et de spécificité dans la prédiction du suicide diminuent les avantages potentiels et augmentent les risques. Les principales considérations incluent la probabilité que les tests permettront de mettre en place des interventions préventives efficaces, lesquelles ne sont pas disponibles à l’heure actuelle, ainsi que des résultats positifs non fiables qui pourraient augmenter le désespoir, la stigmatisation et les risques psychosociaux. Si des tests génétiques incluant une évaluation du risque suicidaire étaient offerts directement aux consommateurs sans régulation, leur utilisation risquerait d’entraîner des impacts négatifs. Dans l’avenir, si les tests génétiques étaient en mesure de prédire de manière précise le risque suicidaire des individus, ces tests seraient contre-indiqués dans la mesure où il n’est pas possible de mettre en place des interventions préventives permettant d’atténuer les impacts négatifs associés au fait d’informer les gens sur leur niveau de risque.

DÉPISTAGE 

POTENTIEL-SUICIDAIRE 

ÉTHIQUE 

GÉNÉTIQUE 

BIOLOGIE 

ÉVALUATION-CLINIQUE 

PSYCHOPATHOLOGIE 

PRÉDICTION 

BIOLOGIE 

PRÉVENTION 

STIGMATISATION 

JUMEAUX 

FAMILLE 

CONSENTEMENT 

EFFET-NÉGATIF 

RECHERCHE},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{mishara_long-term_2021,

title = {Long-term effects of a comprehensive police suicide prevention program: 22-year follow-up},

author = {Brian Mishara and Louis-Francis Fortin},

doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000774},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Crisis},

abstract = {Background: Mishara and Martin (2012) reported decreases in suicides 12 years after implementation of a police suicide prevention program. Aims: We aimed to determine whether suicide decreases were sustained 10 years later. Method: We examined coroners’ investigations of police deaths from 2009 through 2018. Results: From 2009 to 2018, Montreal suicide rates increased but this was not significantly different from the previous 12 years and the rate for other Quebec police remained significantly higher than Montreal (p less .006). The 22-year Montreal postprogram rate was significantly lower than the preprogram rate (p less .002), and the 22-year rate for other police during the same years was not significantly different from earlier. Limitations: Uncontrolled factors may have influenced the rates, including the 11% increase in women in the Montreal police. The observed mean aging of the Montreal police personnel would have been expected to bias toward finding increases in suicides. However, the maintenance of decreases in suicide rates was observed. Conclusion: The decrease in suicides observed 12 years after the program was sustained for another 10 years, and appears related to the program. Rates for comparable police remained higher. A continuing comprehensive suicide prevention program tailored to the context may reduce suicides for extended time periods. 



Contexte : Mishara et Martin (2012) rapportent une baisse des suicides 12 ans après l’implantation d’un programme de prévention du suicide au sein d’un service de police. Objectif : cet article vise à déterminer si la baisse observée dans les suicides se maintient 10 ans plus tard. Méthode : les auteurs examinent les enquêtes de coroners sur les décès de policiers de 2009 à 2018. Résultats : Entre 2009 et 2018, le taux de suicide pour les policiers de Montréal a augmenté, mais la différence n’est pas significative par rapport aux 12 années précédentes. Le taux pour les autres services de police du Québec est demeuré significativement plus élevé qu’à Montréal (p plus petit que .006). Le taux à Montréal pour les 22 ans après le programme était significativement plus bas que le taux avant l’implantation du programme (p plus petit .002), alors que durant la même période, le taux sur 22 ans pour les autres services de police n’était pas significativement différent que dans les années précédentes. Limites : d’autres facteurs non contrôlés peuvent avoir influencé les taux, incluant l’augmentation de 11% du nombre de femmes dans le service de police de Montréal. L’augmentation observée de l’âge moyen au sein du personnel de la police de Montréal n’a pas mené à une augmentation du nombre de suicide, au contraire de ce qui était attendu. En effet, la baisse des taux de suicides s’est maintenue. Conclusion : La baisse des suicides observée dans les 12 ans suivant le programme s’est maintenue pour 10 années supplémentaires. Cette baisse semble reliée au programme. Les taux pour des forces policières comparables sont demeurés plus élevés. Un programme continu de prévention du suicide adapté au contexte pourrait réduire les suicides de manière durable dans le temps.

MONTRÉAL 

QUÉBEC 

CANADA 

SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ 

PRÉVENTION 

POLICE 

ÉVALUATION 

PROGRAMME 

IMPLANTATION 

PRÉVALENCE 

TENDANCE 

EFFICACITÉ},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{genest_correctional_2021,

title = {Correctional work: Reflections regarding suicide},

author = {Christine Genest and Rosemary Ricciardelli and Nicholas R Carleton},

doi = {10.3390/ijerph18084280},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health},

volume = {18},

number = {8},

pages = {4280},

abstract = {The Public Health Agency of Canada declared suicide a public health problem in Canada (2016). Employees working in correctional services, researchers find, experience high rates of life-time suicidal ideation in comparison to other public safety professionals and the general population. Suicide behaviours (i.e., ideation, planning, attempts, death) are a multifactorial phenomenon, explained in part by the Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicide that suggests attempted suicide is facilitated by perceived burdensomeness, a lost sense of belonging, a feeling of hopelessness, and a progressively reduced fear of death, as well as capacity and planning to engage a lethal attempt. In the current study, we unpack the factors that can influence suicide behaviours as reported by correctional workers. Our intent is to make explicit the experiences of a small sample (n = 25) of correctional workers in relation to suicidal behaviours, highlighting stories of recovery and acknowledging the importance of facilitating psychologically safe workplaces. Analysis entailed an inductive semi-grounded emergent theme approach. Participants identified certain risk factors as being able to induce suicidal ideation, such as marital or family problems as well as difficulties at work (i.e., bullying or difficult working conditions). Having children and a partner may act as factors preventing suicide for those with ideation. Participants sought help from professionals, such as their family doctor, a psychologist, or the Employee Assistance Program (EAP); however, the lack of perceived organisational supports and recognition of the issue of suicide by the employer are two elements that can hinder the search for help. 



L’Agence de santé publique du Canada a déclaré que le suicide est un problème de santé publique au Canada (2016). Les recherches montrent que les personnes travaillant au sein des services correctionnels ont des taux plus élevés d’idéation suicidaire au cours de leur existence, en comparaison avec d’autres professionnels de la sécurité publique et avec la population générale. Les comportements suicidaires (idéations, planification, tentative, décès) sont un phénomène multifactoriel, partiellement expliqué par la théorie interpersonnelle psychologique du suicide, qui suggère que les tentatives de suicide sont facilitées par la perception d’être un fardeau, la perte du sentiment d’appartenance, le désespoir, ainsi qu’une baisse progressive de la peur de mourir, parallèlement à une capacité accrue de planifier et de poser un geste fatal. La présente étude identifie les facteurs qui peuvent influencer les comportements suicidaires tels que rapportés par les employés des services correctionnels. L’objectif est de mettre en lumière les expériences vécues au sein d’un petit échantillon (n = 25) d’employés de services correctionnels quant aux comportements suicidaires, mettant en évidence les histoires de rétablissement, et de reconnaître l’importance de mettre en place des environnements de travail sécuritaires au niveau psychologique. L’analyse utilise une approche inductive semi-ancrée, par laquelle les thèmes émergent des données. Les participants ont identifié certains facteurs de risque comme étant susceptibles d’induire des idéations suicidaires, tels que des problèmes matrimoniaux ou familiaux, de même que des difficultés au travail (par exemple, de l’intimidation ou des conditions de travail difficiles). Avoir des enfants et être en couple pourraient agir comme facteurs de protection contre le suicide pour ceux qui ont des idéations suicidaires. Les participants disent rechercher de l’aide de professionnels, par exemple leur médecin de famille, un psychologue ou le Programme d’aide aux employés. Toutefois, le manque de soutien organisationnel perçu et de reconnaissance de l’enjeu du suicide par l’employeur sont deux éléments qui peuvent faire obstacle à la recherche d’aide.

ONTARIO 

CANADA 

IDÉATION 

PERSONNEL-CARCÉRAL 

ÉTUDE-QUALITATIVE 

TRAVAIL 

MILIEU-CARCÉRAL 

MILIEU-TRAVAIL 

FACTEUR-RISQUE 

FACTEUR-PROTECTION 

RÉSILIENCE 

RECHERCHE-AIDE},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{rassy_information_2021,

title = {Information and communications technology use in suicide prevention: A scoping review},

author = {Jessica Rassy and Cécile Bardon and Luc Dargis and Louis-Philippe Côté and Laurent Corthésy-Blondin and Carl-Maria Mörch and Réal Labelle},

doi = {10.2196/25288},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Medical Internet Research},

abstract = {Background: The use of information and communications technology (ICT) in suicide prevention has progressed rapidly over the past decade. ICT plays a major role in suicide prevention but research regarding best and promising practices has lagged behind. Objective: The aim of this paper is to scope the existing literature on ICT use in suicide prevention in order to answer the following question: What are the best and promising ICT practices for suicide prevention? Methods: A scoping search was conducted in the following databases: PubMed, PsycInfo, Sociological Abstracts, and IEEE Xplore. These were searched for articles published from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2018. Five stages were followed: (1) identify research question, (2) target relevant studies, (3) select studies, (4) chart data, and (5) collate, summarize and report results. Results: Of 3848 studies found, 134 were selected. Of these, 10 regarded the use of ICT in universal suicide prevention, 53 referred to the use of ICT in selective suicide prevention, 52 dealt with the use of ICT in indicated suicide prevention and 19 concerned other studies on individuals at risk of suicide who use ICT. Conclusions: The use of ICT plays a major role in suicide prevention and many promising programs were identified through this scoping review. However, larger-scaled evaluation studies are needed to further examine the effectiveness of these programs and strategies. Also, safety and ethics protocols for ICT-based interventions are recommended. Clinical Trial: n/a 

Contexte : l’utilisation des technologies de l’information et des communications (TIC) en prévention du suicide a fait de grands progrès au cours des dernières décennies. Les TIC jouent un rôle majeur en prévention du suicide, mais la recherche concernant les meilleures pratiques et les pratiques prometteuses ont pris du retard. Objectif : le but de cet article est de faire une étude de portée de la littérature actuelle sur l’utilisation des TIC en prévention du suicide, de manière à répondre à la question suivante : quelles sont les meilleures pratiques et les pratiques prometteuses en matière d’utilisation des TIC en prévention du suicide? Méthode : Une étude de portée a été réalisée dans les bases de données suivantes : PubMed, PsycInfo, Sociological Abstracts, et IEEE Xplore. Les articles devaient être publiés entre le 1er janvier 2013 et le 31 décembre 2018. L’étude a suivi cinq étapes : 1) identifier la question de recherche, 2) cibler les études pertinentes, 3) sélectionner les études, 4) enregistrer les données et 5) colliger, résumer et rapporter les résultats. Résultats : Sur les 3 848 études trouvées, 134 ont été sélectionnées. Sur ces dernières, 10 concernaient l’utilisation des TIC en prévention universelle du suicide, 53 concernaient l’utilisation des TIC en prévention sélective, 52 se penchaient sur l’utilisation des TIC en prévention indiquée et enfin, 19 portaient sur d’autres études sur les individus à risque suicidaire utilisant les TIC. Conclusions : L’utilisation des TIC joue un rôle majeur en prévention du suicide et plusieurs programmes prometteurs ont été identifiés lors de cette étude de portée. Toutefois, des études évaluatives de plus grande ampleur sont nécessaires pour déterminer l’efficacité de ces programmes et stratégies. De plus, des protocoles de sécurité et d’éthique en matière d’interventions par les TIC sont recommandés. Essais cliniques : N/A. 



PRÉVENTION 

REVUE-LITTÉRATURE 

INTERNET 

MÉDIA 

INFORMATION 

INTERVENTION 

EFFICACITÉ 

PROMOTION 

SANTÉ-MENTALE 

THÉRAPIE 

APPROCHE-COGNITIVO-BEHAVIORALE},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{mishara_randomized_2020,

title = {Randomized Control Study of the Implementation and Effects of a New Mental Health Promotion Program to Improve Coping Skills in 9 to 11 Year Old Children: Passport: Skills for Life},

author = {Brian Mishara and Sarah Dufour},

url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.573342/full?&utm_source=Email_to_authors_&utm_medium=Email&utm_content=T1_11.5e1_author&utm_campaign=Email_publication&field=&journalName=Frontiers_in_Psychology&id=573342},

doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2020.573342},

issn = {1664-1078},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-10-30},

journal = {Frontiers in Psychology},

volume = {11},

number = {2927},

abstract = {Passport: Skills for Life is a universal, primary school mental health promotion program to increase children’s coping skills. A stratified randomized control study with pretest, post-test and 1-year follow-up included 1,492 3rd to 6th grade children, from higher and lower socio-economic levels, randomly assigned by school to receive the program or a control group. Implementation and effects were evaluated by questionnaires and focus groups with children, parents and teachers as well as classroom observations. Program activities were well implemented and greatly appreciated, with perceived improvements in resolving conflicts, communicating feelings and coping. Compared to the controls, participants had increased emotional awareness, sustained 1 year later; conceived of more ways to cope in fictitious situations and reported using more, and more useful strategies, sustained 1 year later. Positive Academic Behaviors increased, but were not sustained the following year. This is a promising program to improve coping and emotional awareness that merits further research on its effects. 

Passeport : S’équiper pour la vie est un programme universel de promotion de la santé mentale à l’école primaire visant à améliorer la capacité d’adaptation des enfants. Un essai contrôlé randomisé stratifié avec prétest, post-test et suivi un an après incluant 1492 enfants de la 3e à la 6e année, provenant de milieux socioéconomiques favorisés et défavorisés, assignés de manière aléatoire par école pour suivre le programme ou faire partie du groupe contrôle. L’implantation et les effets ont été évalués par des questionnaires et des groupes de discussion avec des enfants, parents et enseignants de même que par des observations en classe. Les activités du programme ont été implantées de manière adéquate et ont été très appréciées. Des améliorations ont été perçues dans la résolution de conflits, la communication des émotions et l’adaptation. Comparés aux enfants du groupe contrôle, les participants au programme avaient une meilleure reconnaissance des émotions, qui s’est maintenue un an après; ils étaient en mesure de concevoir plus de façon de s’adapter à des situations fictives et disaient utiliser davantage de stratégies et des stratégies plus aidantes, ce qui se maintenait aussi un an après. Les comportements positifs à l’école (Positive Academic Behaviors) ont augmenté, mais cette amélioration ne s’est pas maintenue un an après. Il s’agit d’un programme prometteur pour augmenter la capacité d’adaptation des enfants et la capacité à reconnaître leurs émotions. Des recherches supplémentaires seraient utiles pour en documenter davantage les effets.

MENTAL HEALTH, PROMOTION, SCHOOL, EVALUATION,COPING, PRIMARY SCHOOL, CHILDREN},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{mishara_trends_2020,

title = {Trends in US suicide deaths-Reply},

author = {Brian Mishara and Stefan Stijelja},

doi = {10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.2014},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-09-09},

volume = {174},

number = {11},

pages = {1118--1119},

abstract = {[Sans résumé] ÉTATS-UNIS 

AMÉRIQUE 

TENDANCE 

PRÉVENTION 

PROGRAMME 

ARGUMENT},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{mishara_trends_2020-1,

title = {Trends in US suicide deaths, 1999 to 2017, in the context of suicide prevention legislation},

author = {Brian Mishara and Stefan Stijelja},

doi = {10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.6066},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-09-08},

volume = {174},

number = {5},

pages = {499--500},

abstract = {[Sans résumé] ÉTATS-UNIS 

AMÉRIQUE 

PRÉVENTION 

SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ 

PRÉVALENCE 

TENDANCE 

STRATÉGIE-NATIONALE},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{stijelja_covid-19_2020,

title = {COVID-19 and psychological distress-changes in internet searches for mental health issues in New York during the pandemic},

author = {Stefan Stijelja and Brian Mishara},

doi = {10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.3271},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-09-02},

volume = {180},

number = {12},

pages = {1703--1706},

abstract = {[Sans résumé] NEW-YORK 

ÉTATS-UNIS 

AMÉRIQUE 

TROUBLE-ANXIEUX 

ANXIÉTÉ 

ÉPIDÉMIE 

PEUR 

TROUBLE-FINANCIER 

SANTÉ-MENTALE 

TROUBLE-PANIQUE 

ISOLEMENT 

TROUBLE-SOMMEIL 

STRESS 

CHÔMAGE 

DÉTRESSE-PSYCHOLOGIQUE},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{vachon_projet_2020,

title = {Le projet j'accompagne: Panser et repenser la fin de vie et le deuil à l’heure de la pandémie de COVID-19},

author = {Mélanie Vachon and Deborah Ummel and Adèle Bourget-Godbout and Alexandra Guité-Verret and Philippe Laperle},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

urldate = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Les Cahiers francophones de soins palliatifs},

volume = {20},

number = {1},

pages = {1--11},

abstract = {Les mesures de confinement qui prévalent dans plus d’une centaine de pays touchés par la pandémie de COVID-19 ont bouleversé de manière tragique l’accompagnement des personnes en fin de vie et le processus de deuil de leurs proches aidants. Dans cet article, nous recensons les écrits sur le deuil et analysons les conséquences potentielles du contexte de pandémie sur l’expérience des individus endeuillés. Ensuite, nous explorons les modalités de soutien alternatives qui s’offrent aux personnes éprouvées par la perte d’un proche en raison de la pandémie. Puis, en nous appuyant sur la littérature répertoriée et sur le modèle des communautés compatissantes, nous présentons le projet textitJ’accompagne, dont la mission est de créer une communauté virtuelle de soutien autour des proches aidants et des endeuillés par la COVID-19. FIN-DE-VIE 

MORTALITÉ 

DEUIL 

ENDEUILLÉ 

PROCESSUS-DEUIL 

AIDANT 

COMMUNAUTÉ 

SOUTIEN-SOCIAL 

DÉTRESSE-PSYCHOLOGIQUE 

RITUEL},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{romanelli_sexual_2020,

title = {Sexual identity–Behavior profiles and suicide outcomes among heterosexual, lesbian, and gay sexually active adolescents},

author = {Meghan Romanelli and Yunyu Xiao and Michael A Lindsey},

doi = {10.1111/sltb.12634},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior},

volume = {50},

number = {4},

pages = {921--933},

abstract = {Objective Adolescents’ sexual behaviors can be incongruent with those assumed to align with their sexual identity. Identity–behavior profiles permit the characterization of youth who might remain undetected using a single-dimensional assessment of sexual orientation. This study examined suicide risks among four distinct sexual identity–behavior profiles of youth: heterosexual with other-sex partners only, heterosexual with any same-sex partners, lesbian or gay (LG) with same-sex partners only, and LG with any other-sex partners. Method Data were analyzed from the 2017 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Participants’ reported sex, sexual identity, and the sex of their sexual contacts were used to construct the identity–behavior profiles. Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between identity–behavior profiles and suicide outcomes. Results Compared to heterosexual respondents with other-sex partners only, heterosexual respondents with any same-sex partners and LG respondents with same-sex partners only had greater odds of having a suicide plan; LG respondents with any other-sex partners were over seven times more likely to have suicidal thoughts and attempt suicide and 14 times more likely to have a suicide plan. Conclusions Health and mental health providers can expand the identification of youth at risk for suicide by assessing both sexual identity and behavior. ÉTATS-UNIS 

ADOLESCENT 

IDÉATION 

INTENTION 

TENTATIVE 

SEXUALITÉ 

HOMOSEXUALITÉ 

FACTEUR-RISQUE 

SANTÉ-MENTALE 

COMPORTEMENT-RISQUE 

IDENTITÉ-SEXUELLE 

DÉSESPOIR 

BULLYING 

STIGMATISATION 

MARGINALISATION 

FACTEUR-SOCIODÉMOGRAPHIQUE},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pallini_attachment-related_2020,

title = {Attachment-related representations and suicidal ideations in nonsuicidal self-injury adolescents with and without suicide attempts: A pilot study},

author = {Susanna Pallini and Arianna Terrinoni and Sara Iannello and Rita Cerutti and Mauro Ferrara and Fiorella Fantini and Fiorenzo Laghi},

doi = {10.1111/sltb.12633},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior},

volume = {50},

number = {4},

pages = {909--920},

abstract = {Objectives Consistent with the debate surrounding the association between nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), suicidal intent, and suicidal behavior, and between NSSI and dysregulation processes, we attempted to analyze suicide intent and emotion dysregulation in NSSI adolescents, in the framework of the attachment representations and exploring these clues of emotion dysregulation characteristics of insecure attachment. Furthermore, we intended to focus on these attachment-related segregated systems regarding death and suicidal ideations, to explore how differently they would characterize self-injuring adolescents with and without suicide attempts. Methods Thirty-four NSSI inpatient adolescents, 17 with suicide attempts, 17 without suicide attempts, and 17 healthy controls (age 11–17) were assessed using Adult Attachment Projective, which allows for the classification of attachment status and related emotion dysregulation and segregated systems. Results The majority of the NSSI group with and without suicide attempts showed unresolved (disorganized) attachment-related representations and clues of damaged reflective functions, whereas only the NSSI with suicide attempts showed clues of impaired interpersonal relationships. The two clinical groups used words expressing suicidal intent, whereas the healthy group did not. Conclusions Therapists are encouraged not to underestimate suicidal ideation in NSSI regardless of whether or not they have already attempted suicide. ADOLESCENT 

IDÉATION 

INTENTION 

TENTATIVE 

NON-SUICIDAIRE 

ÉMOTION 

ATTACHEMENT 

FACTEUR-RISQUE},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{moscardini_suicide-specific_2020,

title = {Suicide-specific cognitions, attentional fixation, and worst-point suicidal ideation},

author = {Emma H Moscardini and Alix B Aboussouan and Craig J Bryan and Raymond P Tucker},

doi = {10.1111/sltb.12628},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior},

volume = {50},

number = {4},

pages = {899--908},

abstract = {Objective The fluid vulnerability theory of suicide posits that each person has a baseline risk for suicide, which is comprised of both stable and dynamic factors. The current study investigated the unique involvement of suicide-specific cognitions and attentional fixation on recent suicidal ideation (SI) and SI at its worst. Method Data were analyzed from a sample of N = 126 undergraduate students with a history of SI. Path analyses were used to analyze the relationship between suicide-specific cognitions, attentional fixation, and SI (current and worst point). Results Results revealed that suicide-specific cognitions were directly related to both recent SI and worst-point SI. Suicide-specific cognitions had a significant, indirect effect with worst-point SI through attentional fixation, but this effect was not significant when using recent SI. Conclusion These data support the need for interventions to target cognitive contents and contexts (e.g., fixation) to reduce escalation of SI. Future work would benefit from replicating and extending results in studies that include prospective designs and the assessment of suicidal behaviors. IDÉATION 

COGNITION 

INTERVENTION 

DÉPISTAGE 

POTENTIEL-SUICIDAIRE},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{mcclay_social_2020,

title = {Social support mediates the association between disclosure of suicide attempt and depression, perceived burdensomeness, and thwarted belongingness},

author = {Michael M McClay and Amy M Brausch and Stephen S O'Connor},

doi = {10.1111/sltb.12622},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior},

volume = {50},

number = {4},

pages = {884--898},

abstract = {Objective Prior research has found disclosure of concealable stigmatized statuses, including suicide attempt survivorship, to be associated with positive mental health outcomes. This study sought to test the mediating effect of self-reported social support on the association between disclosure of suicide attempt and suicide risk factors in a sample of undergraduate college students. Method Data were analyzed from 149 undergraduate college students with a history of one or more suicide attempts. Three parallel mediation analyses tested the simultaneous mediating effect of family social support and peer social support on the association between suicide attempt disclosure and suicide risk factors. Results Significant total indirect effects in all models indicated family social support and peer social support simultaneously mediated the association between disclosure of suicide attempt and depression, perceived burdensomeness, and thwarted belongingness. The indirect effect on thwarted belongingness via peer social support was stronger than the indirect effect via family social support. Conclusions Disclosure of suicide attempt was associated with higher social support, which was associated with lower suicide risk factors. In a therapeutic context, it is important to consider social support when discussing disclosure of suicide attempt. ÉTATS-UNIS 

JEUNE-ADULTE 

TENTATIVE 

SOUTIEN-SOCIAL 

FAMILLE 

STIGMATISATION 

PAIR 

DÉPRESSION 

APPARTENANCE 

FARDEAU 

PERCEPTION-SOI 

THÉORIE},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{zhornitsky_interpersonal_2020,

title = {Interpersonal risk factors for suicide in cocaine dependence: Association with self-esteem, personality traits, and childhood abuse},

author = {Simon Zhornitsky and Thang M Le and Isha Dhingra and Brendan D Adkinson and Stephane Potvin and Chiang-shan R Li},

doi = {10.1111/sltb.12621},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior},

volume = {50},

number = {4},

pages = {867--883},

abstract = {Objective Studies have linked cocaine dependence to suicidality. According to the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide, suicidal behavior becomes likely with the simultaneous presence of perceived burdensomeness (PB), lack of (or thwarted) belongingness (TB), and acquired fearlessness about death (FAD). Here, we examined personality and other variables, including depression, self-esteem, childhood abuse, and substance use, as predictors of these risk factors in cocaine-dependent individuals (CDs). Methods Seventy CDs and 70 healthy controls (HCs) participated. We examined group differences in a group-by-sex analysis of variance and identified predictors of PB, TB, and FAD in stepwise regressions. Results CDs exhibited elevated PB and TB but not FAD, compared to HCs. CDs also exhibited elevated harm avoidance, novelty seeking, depression, and lower self-esteem and reward dependence. Females reported elevated sexual abuse, harm avoidance, reward dependence, depression, but lower FAD, relative to males, among CDs and HCs. Among CDs, PB was predicted by lower self-esteem and greater emotional abuse; TB was predicted by lower self-esteem and reward dependence, as well as greater emotional and sexual abuse; and FAD was predicted by lower harm avoidance and greater physical abuse. Conclusions Interventions targeting suicidality in cocaine dependence should take into consideration self-esteem, personality traits, and childhood abuse. DROGUE 

DÉPENDANCE 

ALCOOL 

TABAGISME 

FACTEUR-RISQUE 

DÉPRESSION 

ESTIME-SOI 

ABUS 

ABUS-PHYSIQUE 

ABUS-SEXUEL 

ENFANCE},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{westermair_traumatizing_2020,

title = {Traumatizing oneself—Deep wrist injuries self-inflicted with suicidal intention are associated with more severe PTSD symptomatology than similar injuries from accidents},

author = {Anna Lisa Westermair and Nico Matzkeit and Annika Waldmann and Felix Stang and Peter Mailänder and Ulrich Schweiger and Tobias Kisch},

doi = {10.1111/sltb.12630},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior},

volume = {50},

number = {4},

pages = {856--866},

abstract = {Objective As suicide attempts by definition entail at least some threat to physical integrity and life, they theoretically qualify as an A1 criterion for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study uses the unique opportunity of deep wrist injuries to quantify the effect of intentionality on PTSD rates by comparing suicide attempt survivors with patients who sustained accidental injuries similar in mechanism, localization, and extent. Method Patients who had been admitted with an acute deep wrist injury from 2008 to 2016 filled out the revised Impact of Event Scale and reported other known PTSD risk factors. Mental morbidity and intentionality of the injury were determined by psychiatric consultation during the index hospitalization. Results Fifty-one patients were followed up (72.5% male, 92.2% Caucasian, mean age at injury 42.3 ± 17.5 years, 72.5% accidental injuries), on average 4.2 ± 2.9 years after their injury. The intentionality of the injury alone predicted the severity of intrusions, avoidance, hyperarousal, and probable PTSD (aOR = 14.0). Conclusions Traumatization in the context of a suicide attempt may be a hitherto unknown PTSD risk factor. Patients after suicide attempts, especially medically serious attempts, should be monitored for PTSD symptoms. ALLEMAGNE 

EUROPE 

INTENTION 

TENTATIVE 

COUPER-VEINE 

TROUBLE-STRESS-POST-TRAUMATIQUE 

FACTEUR-RISQUE 

PSYCHOPATHOLOGIE},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pelizza_suicidal_2020,

title = {Suicidal ideation in patients experiencing a first-episode psychosis: Findings from the 2-year follow-up of the “Parma Early Psychosis” program},

author = {Lorenzo Pelizza and Clara Pellegrini and Emanuela Quattrone and Silvia Azzali and Giulia Landi and Pietro Pellegrini and Emanuela Leuci},

doi = {10.1111/sltb.12625},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior},

volume = {50},

number = {4},

pages = {838--855},

abstract = {Objective Although suicide behavior is relevant in first-episode psychosis (FEP), little is known about suicidal ideation and its longitudinal stability. The aim of this study was (1) to assess incidence rates of suicide attempts, completed suicide, and suicidal thinking in FEP individuals at baseline and over a 24-month follow-up period; (2) to explore any significant association of suicidal ideation with psychopathology at baseline; and (3) to monitor longitudinally suicidal thinking along the 2-year follow-up. Methods Participants (134 FEP patients, aged 13–54 years) were assessed with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). A Kaplan–Meier survival analysis to calculate cumulative incidence rates of attempted and completed suicide was also performed. Results FEP patients showed a 31.3% percentage of suicidal ideation (i.e., BPRS item 4 cutoff score of ≥ 3) and a 2-year cumulative incidence rate of attempted suicide of 11%. No completed suicide was found. In the FEP total sample, suicidal thinking was positively correlated with general psychopathology (especially depression) and negative symptoms. Conclusions Suicidal ideation is relevant in FEP patients, supporting a routine monitoring of suicide risk during the baseline assessment of adolescents and adults with early psychosis. IDÉATION 

TENTATIVE 

SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ 

TROUBLE-PSYCHOTIQUE 

SCHIZOPHRÉNIE 

FRÉQUENCE 

FACTEUR-RISQUE 

PSYCHOPATHOLOGIE},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{dhingra_suicide_2020,

title = {Suicide ideation among male prisoners: Preliminary evidence that psychopathic traits are indirectly linked to suicide ideation through thwarted interpersonal needs},

author = {Katie Dhingra and Sean M Mitchell and Bill Davies and Michael D Anestis and Joye C Anestis},

doi = {10.1111/sltb.12632},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior},

volume = {50},

number = {4},

pages = {823--837},

abstract = {Background The relation between psychopathic traits and suicide ideation (SI) is frequently discussed but little research has examined potential mechanisms underlying this association. The interpersonal theory of suicide (ITS) proposes two mechanisms in the pathogenesis of suicidal desire: thwarted belongingness (TB) and perceived burdensomeness (PB). This study cross-sectionally tested TB and PB as possible explanatory links in the relation between psychopathic traits and SI. Method Archival data from 784 male U.K. prisoners (Mage = 37.21, SD = 9.97) were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results Psychopathic traits were indirectly associated with SI through more specific suicide-promoting processes – namely TB and PB. More specifically, results indicated that Egocentricity and Stimulus Seeking were indirectly associated with SI through PB and TB in combination. However, results indicated specific indirect effects of TB in the relations between the Antisocial Behavior, Egocentricity, and Stimulus Seeking facets, and SI, whereas specific indirect effects for PB were only significant in the relations between Egocentricity and Stimulus Seeking facets and SI. Conclusion Preliminary results are consistent with the ITS and suggest that psychopathic traits may be distal risk markers for SI and provide direction for future research that could inform suicide prevention efforts among male prisoners high in such traits. ROYAUME-UNI 

EUROPE 

HOMME 

IDÉATION 

DÉTENU 

THÉORIE 

APPARTENANCE 

PERCEPTION-SOI 

FARDEAU 

PSYCHOPATHIE 

FACTEUR-RISQUE},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{martin_internal_2020,

title = {Internal battles: Examining how anger/hostility moderate the association between negative urgency and suicidal desire variables in military and civilian samples},

author = {Rachel L Martin and Brian W Bauer and Nicole S Smith and Samantha E Daruwala and Bradley A Green and Michael D Anestis and Daniel W Capron},

doi = {10.1111/sltb.12616},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior},

volume = {50},

number = {4},

pages = {805--822},

abstract = {Objective Suicide is consistently within the top ten leading causes of death in the United States. The suicide rate of National Guard personnel is elevated relative to the general population; however, research suggests that many of the suicide risk factors for military personnel are similar to the suicide risk factors for civilians. We examined whether negative urgency moderated the relationships between anger/hostility and perceived burdensomeness/thwarted belongingness in both a military and civilian samples. Method There were two samples in the current study: (1) military personnel (majority national guard) and (2) community members oversampled for suicide attempt history. Results Our hypotheses were partially supported with the interaction of hostility and negative urgency predicting perceived burdensomeness in the military sample. Within civilians, anger interacted with negative urgency to predict perceived burdensomeness. There were nonsignificant findings for analyses predicting thwarted belongingness. Exploratory analyses indicated that in both samples, anger and hostility interacted with negative urgency to predict suicidal ideation. Conclusions Results suggest that aggressive attributes may contribute to individuals feeling as though they are a burden on others when moderate to high levels of negative urgency are present. Additionally, this study provides foundational support for the differences between suicidal desire and ideation. ÉTATS-UNIS 

IDÉATION 

DÉSIR-MORT 

MILITAIRE 

COLÈRE 

HOSTILITÉ 

FARDEAU 

APPARTENANCE 

THÉORIE 

FACTEUR-RISQUE 

AGRESSIVITÉ},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{palframan_veterans_2020,

title = {Veterans justice programs: Assessing population risks for suicide deaths and attempts},

author = {Kristen M Palframan and Jessica Blue-Howells and Sean C Clark and John F McCarthy},

doi = {10.1111/sltb.12631},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior},

volume = {50},

number = {4},

pages = {792--804},

abstract = {Objectives Understanding suicide risks among Veteran subpopulations is a national priority. This study assessed risks of suicide, suicide attempts, and other-cause mortality among recipients of Veterans Health Administration (VHA) Veterans Justice Program services as compared to other Veteran VHA users. Methods Per VHA records, the cohort included 5,401,192 Veterans alive as of January 1, 2013 and with VHA utilization in 2012. Receipt of Veterans Justice Outreach (VJO) or Health Care for Reentry Veterans (HCRV) services in 2012 was assessed using encounter codes. Multivariable proportional hazards regression assessed risks of suicide (per National Death Index search results from the VA/DoD Mortality Data Repository) and attempts (per diagnoses and site reports) in 2013–2016, adjusting for demographic and clinical indicators. Results Compared to other patients, Veterans with VJO encounters had greater risk of suicide (unadjusted HR = 2.80, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.30–3.40; adjusted HR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.02–1.53) and attempts (unadjusted HR = 8.88, 95% CI = 8.45–9.35; adjusted HR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.00–1.11). Veterans with HCRV encounters had elevated risk of suicide attempts (unadjusted HR = 4.56, 95% CI = 4.00–5.20; adjusted HR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.24–1.62). Risks were also elevated for other external causes of mortality. Conclusions Findings document increased risk of suicidal behavior among Veterans Justice Program recipients. These results have informed VHA suicide prevention activities. ÉTATS-UNIS 

MILITAIRE 

RETRAITE 

DÉPISTAGE 

POTENTIEL-SUICIDAIRE 

ÉVALUATION-CLINIQUE 

MORTALITÉ 

CAUSE-DÉCÈS},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{campbell_prevalence_2020,

title = {Prevalence and characteristics associated with chronic noncancer pain in suicide decedents: A national study},

author = {Gabrielle Campbell and Shane Darke and Louisa Degenhardt and Harriet Townsend and Gregory Carter and Brian Draper and Michael Farrell and Johan Duflou and Julia Lappin},

doi = {10.1111/sltb.12627},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior},

volume = {50},

number = {4},

pages = {778--791},

abstract = {Objective The aims were to estimate the prevalence of CNCP in suicide decedents, and compare sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of people who die by suicide (i) with and without a history of CNCP and (ii) among decedents with CNCP who are younger (textless65 years) and older (65 + years). Method We examined all closed cases of intentional deaths in Australia in 2014, utilizing the National Coronial Information System. Results We identified 2,590 closed cases of intentional deaths in Australia in 2014 in decedents over 18 years of age. CNCP was identified in 14.6% of cases. Decedents with CNCP were more likely to be older, have more mental health and physical health problems, and fewer relationship problems, and were more likely to die by poisoning from drugs, compared with decedents without CNCP. Comparisons of older and younger decedents with CNCP found that compared to younger (textless65 years) decedents with CNCP, older decedents (65 + years) were less likely to have mental health problems. Conclusions This is the first national study to examine the characteristics of suicide deaths with a focus on people with CNCP. Primary care physicians should be aware of the increased risk for suicide in people living with CNCP, and it may be useful for clinicians to screen for CNCP among those presenting with suicidal behaviors. AUSTRALIE 

OCÉANIE 

SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ 

SOUFFRANCE-PHYSIQUE 

MALADIE-CHRONIQUE 

SANTÉ-MENTALE 

FACTEUR-SOCIODÉMOGRAPHIQUE},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{werbart_tornblom_who_2020,

title = {Who is at risk of dying young from suicide and sudden violent death? Common and specific risk factors among children, adolescents, and young adults},

author = {Annelie Werbart Törnblom and Kimmo Sorjonen and Bo Runeson and Per-Anders Rydelius},

doi = {10.1111/sltb.12614},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior},

volume = {50},

number = {4},

pages = {757--777},

abstract = {Objective Suicides and other sudden violent deaths are the most common causes of death among young people worldwide. This case–control study compared risk factors for suicide and other sudden violent death among young people. Method A total of 436 psychological autopsy interviews with next of kin were performed. The samples aged 10–25 years included 63 cases of suicide, 62 cases of other sudden violent death, and 104 matched living controls. Two stepwise multiple logistic regression analyses were performed. Results The number of recent stressful life events was the only common risk factor for suicide and other sudden violent death. Specific risk factors for suicide were any form of addiction and being an inpatient in adult psychiatric care. Specific risk factors for other sudden violent death were lower elementary school results, lower educational level, and abuse of psychoactive drugs. Conclusions The suicide group seems to have been more vulnerable and exposed to different kinds of stressors, whereas the sudden violent death group seems to have been more acting out and risk-taking. Both groups must be the subject of prevention and intervention programs. SUÈDE 

EUROPE 

SCANDINAVIE 

ENFANT 

ADOLESCENT 

JEUNE-ADULTE 

SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ 

AUTOPSIE-PSYCHOLOGIQUE 

FACTEUR-RISQUE 

ÉVÉNEMENT-VIE 

MOYEN},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}