Nouvelle page publication
1.
Corthésy-Blondin, Laurent; Mishara, Brian; Bardon, Cécile
Enquête sur la prévention du suicide chez les techniciens ambulanciers et paramédics au Québec Rapport technique
2024.
@techreport{corthesy-blondin_enquete_2024,
title = {Enquête sur la prévention du suicide chez les techniciens ambulanciers et paramédics au Québec},
author = {Laurent Corthésy-Blondin and Brian Mishara and Cécile Bardon},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-07-08},
urldate = {2024-07-08},
pages = {12},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
2.
Kharrat, F. Gholi Zadeh; Gagne, C.; Lesage, A.; Gariépy, G.; Pelletier, J. -F.; Brousseau-Paradis, C.; Rochette, L.; Pelletier, E.; Levesque, Pascale; Mohammed, M.; Wang, J.
Explainable artificial intelligence models for predicting risk of suicide using health administrative data in Quebec Article de journal
Dans: PLoS One, vol. 19, no 4, p. e0301117, 2024.
@article{gholi_zadeh_kharrat_explainable_2024,
title = {Explainable artificial intelligence models for predicting risk of suicide using health administrative data in Quebec},
author = {F. Gholi Zadeh Kharrat and C. Gagne and A. Lesage and G. Gariépy and J. -F. Pelletier and C. Brousseau-Paradis and L. Rochette and E. Pelletier and Pascale Levesque and M. Mohammed and J. Wang},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0301117},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-04-08},
urldate = {2024-01-01},
journal = {PLoS One},
volume = {19},
number = {4},
pages = {e0301117},
abstract = {Suicide is a complex, multidimensional event, and a significant challenge for prevention globally. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have emerged to harness large-scale datasets to enhance risk detection. In order to trust and act upon the predictions made with ML, more intuitive user interfaces must be validated. Thus, Interpretable AI is one of the crucial directions which could allow policy and decision makers to make reasonable and data-driven decisions that can ultimately lead to better mental health services planning and suicide prevention. This research aimed to develop sex-specific ML models for predicting the population risk of suicide and to interpret the models. Data were from the Quebec Integrated Chronic Disease Surveillance System (QICDSS), covering up to 98% of the population in the province of Quebec and containing data for over 20,000 suicides between 2002 and 2019. We employed a case-control study design. Individuals were considered cases if they were aged 15+ and had died from suicide between January 1st, 2002, and December 31st, 2019 (n = 18339). Controls were a random sample of 1% of the Quebec population aged 15+ of each year, who were alive on December 31st of each year, from 2002 to 2019 (n = 1,307,370). We included 103 features, including individual, programmatic, systemic, and community factors, measured up to five years prior to the suicide events. We trained and then validated the sex-specific predictive risk model using supervised ML algorithms, including Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and Multilayer perceptron (MLP). We computed operating characteristics, including sensitivity, specificity, and Positive Predictive Value (PPV). We then generated receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to predict suicides and calibration measures. For interpretability, Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) was used with the global explanation to determine how much the input features contribute to the models’ output and the largest absolute coefficients. The best sensitivity was 0.38 with logistic regression for males and 0.47 with MLP for females; the XGBoost Classifier with 0.25 for males and 0.19 for females had the best precision (PPV). This study demonstrated the useful potential of explainable AI models as tools for decision-making and population-level suicide prevention actions. The ML models included individual, programmatic, systemic, and community levels variables available routinely to decision makers and planners in a public managed care system. Caution shall be exercised in the interpretation of variables associated in a predictive model since they are not causal, and other designs are required to establish the value of individual treatments. The next steps are to produce an intuitive user interface for decision makers, planners and other stakeholders like clinicians or representatives of families and people with live experience of suicidal behaviors or death by suicide. For example, how variations in the quality of local area primary care programs for depression or substance use disorders or increased in regional mental health and addiction budgets would lower suicide rates. QUÉBEC
CANADA
INTELLIGENCE
DÉPISTAGE
POTENTIEL-SUICIDAIRE
PRÉDICTION
MODÈLE
SANTÉ-PUBLIQUE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Suicide is a complex, multidimensional event, and a significant challenge for prevention globally. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have emerged to harness large-scale datasets to enhance risk detection. In order to trust and act upon the predictions made with ML, more intuitive user interfaces must be validated. Thus, Interpretable AI is one of the crucial directions which could allow policy and decision makers to make reasonable and data-driven decisions that can ultimately lead to better mental health services planning and suicide prevention. This research aimed to develop sex-specific ML models for predicting the population risk of suicide and to interpret the models. Data were from the Quebec Integrated Chronic Disease Surveillance System (QICDSS), covering up to 98% of the population in the province of Quebec and containing data for over 20,000 suicides between 2002 and 2019. We employed a case-control study design. Individuals were considered cases if they were aged 15+ and had died from suicide between January 1st, 2002, and December 31st, 2019 (n = 18339). Controls were a random sample of 1% of the Quebec population aged 15+ of each year, who were alive on December 31st of each year, from 2002 to 2019 (n = 1,307,370). We included 103 features, including individual, programmatic, systemic, and community factors, measured up to five years prior to the suicide events. We trained and then validated the sex-specific predictive risk model using supervised ML algorithms, including Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and Multilayer perceptron (MLP). We computed operating characteristics, including sensitivity, specificity, and Positive Predictive Value (PPV). We then generated receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to predict suicides and calibration measures. For interpretability, Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) was used with the global explanation to determine how much the input features contribute to the models’ output and the largest absolute coefficients. The best sensitivity was 0.38 with logistic regression for males and 0.47 with MLP for females; the XGBoost Classifier with 0.25 for males and 0.19 for females had the best precision (PPV). This study demonstrated the useful potential of explainable AI models as tools for decision-making and population-level suicide prevention actions. The ML models included individual, programmatic, systemic, and community levels variables available routinely to decision makers and planners in a public managed care system. Caution shall be exercised in the interpretation of variables associated in a predictive model since they are not causal, and other designs are required to establish the value of individual treatments. The next steps are to produce an intuitive user interface for decision makers, planners and other stakeholders like clinicians or representatives of families and people with live experience of suicidal behaviors or death by suicide. For example, how variations in the quality of local area primary care programs for depression or substance use disorders or increased in regional mental health and addiction budgets would lower suicide rates. QUÉBEC
CANADA
INTELLIGENCE
DÉPISTAGE
POTENTIEL-SUICIDAIRE
PRÉDICTION
MODÈLE
SANTÉ-PUBLIQUE
CANADA
INTELLIGENCE
DÉPISTAGE
POTENTIEL-SUICIDAIRE
PRÉDICTION
MODÈLE
SANTÉ-PUBLIQUE
3.
Côté, Louis-Philippe; Lane, Julie
Evaluation of the effectiveness of suicide.ca, Quebec’s digital suicide prevention strategy platform: Cross-sectional descriptive study Article de journal
Dans: vol. 8, p. e46195, 2024.
@article{cote_evaluation_2024,
title = {Evaluation of the effectiveness of suicide.ca, Quebec’s digital suicide prevention strategy platform: Cross-sectional descriptive study},
author = {Louis-Philippe Côté and Julie Lane},
doi = {10.2196/46195},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-03-06},
volume = {8},
pages = {e46195},
abstract = {textbfBackground: In 2017, the Quebec government assigned the Association québécoise de prévention du suicide (AQPS) to develop a digital suicide prevention strategy (DSPS). The AQPS responded by creating a centralized website that provides information on suicide and mental health, identifies at-risk individuals on the internet, and offers direct crisis intervention support via chat and text. textbfObjective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of suicide.ca, Quebec’s DSPS platform. textbfMethods: This study used a cross-sectional descriptive design. The study population comprised internet users from Quebec, Canada, who visited the suicide.ca platform between October 2020 and October 2021. Various data sources, such as Google Analytics, Firebase Console, and Customer Relation Management data, were analyzed to document the use of the platform. To understand the profile of suicide.ca users, frequency analyses were conducted using data from the self-assessment module questionnaires, the intervention service’s triage questionnaire, and the counselors’ intervention reports. The effectiveness of the platform’s promotional activities on social media was assessed by examining traffic peaks. Google Analytics was used to evaluate the effectiveness of AQPS’ strategy for identifying at-risk internet users. The impact of the intervention service was evaluated through an analysis of counselors’ intervention reports and postintervention survey results.textbf Results: The platform received traffic from a diverse range of sources, with promotional efforts on social media directly contributing to the increased traffic. The requirement of a user account posed a barrier to the use of the mobile app, and a triage question that involved personal information led to a substantial number of dropouts during the intervention service triage. AdWords campaigns and fact sheets addressing suicide risk factors played a crucial role in driving traffic to the platform. With regard to the profile of suicide.ca users, the findings revealed that the platform engaged individuals with diverse levels of suicidal risk. Notably, users of the chat service displayed a higher suicide risk than those who used the self-assessment module. Crisis chat counselors reported a positive impact on approximately half of the contacts, and overall, intervention service users expressed satisfaction with the support they received. textbfConclusions: A centralized digital platform can be used to implement a DSPS, effectively reaching the general population, individuals with risk factors for suicide, and those facing suicidal issues. QUÉBEC
CANADA
PRÉVENTION
STRATÉGIE-NATIONALE
SANTÉ-MENTALE
CENTRE-PRÉVENTION-SUICIDE
LIGNE-TÉLÉPHONIQUE
INTERNET
ÉVALUATION
EFFICACITÉ
INTERVENTION-CRISE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
textbfBackground: In 2017, the Quebec government assigned the Association québécoise de prévention du suicide (AQPS) to develop a digital suicide prevention strategy (DSPS). The AQPS responded by creating a centralized website that provides information on suicide and mental health, identifies at-risk individuals on the internet, and offers direct crisis intervention support via chat and text. textbfObjective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of suicide.ca, Quebec’s DSPS platform. textbfMethods: This study used a cross-sectional descriptive design. The study population comprised internet users from Quebec, Canada, who visited the suicide.ca platform between October 2020 and October 2021. Various data sources, such as Google Analytics, Firebase Console, and Customer Relation Management data, were analyzed to document the use of the platform. To understand the profile of suicide.ca users, frequency analyses were conducted using data from the self-assessment module questionnaires, the intervention service’s triage questionnaire, and the counselors’ intervention reports. The effectiveness of the platform’s promotional activities on social media was assessed by examining traffic peaks. Google Analytics was used to evaluate the effectiveness of AQPS’ strategy for identifying at-risk internet users. The impact of the intervention service was evaluated through an analysis of counselors’ intervention reports and postintervention survey results.textbf Results: The platform received traffic from a diverse range of sources, with promotional efforts on social media directly contributing to the increased traffic. The requirement of a user account posed a barrier to the use of the mobile app, and a triage question that involved personal information led to a substantial number of dropouts during the intervention service triage. AdWords campaigns and fact sheets addressing suicide risk factors played a crucial role in driving traffic to the platform. With regard to the profile of suicide.ca users, the findings revealed that the platform engaged individuals with diverse levels of suicidal risk. Notably, users of the chat service displayed a higher suicide risk than those who used the self-assessment module. Crisis chat counselors reported a positive impact on approximately half of the contacts, and overall, intervention service users expressed satisfaction with the support they received. textbfConclusions: A centralized digital platform can be used to implement a DSPS, effectively reaching the general population, individuals with risk factors for suicide, and those facing suicidal issues. QUÉBEC
CANADA
PRÉVENTION
STRATÉGIE-NATIONALE
SANTÉ-MENTALE
CENTRE-PRÉVENTION-SUICIDE
LIGNE-TÉLÉPHONIQUE
INTERNET
ÉVALUATION
EFFICACITÉ
INTERVENTION-CRISE
CANADA
PRÉVENTION
STRATÉGIE-NATIONALE
SANTÉ-MENTALE
CENTRE-PRÉVENTION-SUICIDE
LIGNE-TÉLÉPHONIQUE
INTERNET
ÉVALUATION
EFFICACITÉ
INTERVENTION-CRISE
4.
Nfissi, Alaa; Bouachir, Wassim.; Bougila, N.; Mishara, Brian
Unlocking the emotional states of high-risk suicide callers through speech analysis Article d'actes
Dans: p. 33–40, 2024.
@inproceedings{nfissi_unlocking_2024,
title = {Unlocking the emotional states of high-risk suicide callers through speech analysis},
author = {Alaa Nfissi and Wassim. Bouachir and N. Bougila and Brian Mishara},
doi = {10.1109/ICSC59802.2024.00012},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-01},
urldate = {2024-01-01},
pages = {33–40},
abstract = {PRÉVENTION
ORDINATEUR
INTERVENTION-CRISE
VOIX
ÉMOTION
LIGNE-TÉLÉPHONIQUE
Suicide remains a major public health concern worldwide, and early detection of suicidal ideation is crucial for prevention. One promising approach for monitoring symptoms is through the prediction of suicidal speech, as speech can be passively collected and may provide insight into changes in risk. However, identifying suicidal speech is challenging due to the rapid variability in speech characteristics and the association of suicidal ideation with emotion dysregulation. In light of these challenges, we present a novel end-to-end (E2E) method for speech emotion recognition (SER) as a mean of detecting changes in emotional state, that may indicate a high risk of suicide. Our method incorporates the use of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Gated Recurrent Units (GRUs) to analyze raw waveform signals. Firstly, our model is designed to train the CNN component to identify higher-level speech representations directly from raw waveform data, rather than relying on manually crafted features or spectrograms. This enables the network to effectively capture specific emotion-related features within a narrow frequency range, while also handling speech of varying lengths without the need for segmentation. Secondly, the GRU component is capable of learning temporal patterns, enhancing the network’s ability to capture time-dependent features in signal. Furthermore, we validate our approach on the NSPLCRISE emotion dataset that we recently created. This dataset contains phone call recordings from lifeline frequent callers with psychological problems, and potentially with a history of suicidal ideation and previous attempts. Our experimental results show that our method outperforms other state-of-the-art techniques for SER. The source code of this paper is provided on the Git repository Unlocking the Emotional States of High-Risk Suicide Callers through Speech Analysis.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
PRÉVENTION
ORDINATEUR
INTERVENTION-CRISE
VOIX
ÉMOTION
LIGNE-TÉLÉPHONIQUE
Suicide remains a major public health concern worldwide, and early detection of suicidal ideation is crucial for prevention. One promising approach for monitoring symptoms is through the prediction of suicidal speech, as speech can be passively collected and may provide insight into changes in risk. However, identifying suicidal speech is challenging due to the rapid variability in speech characteristics and the association of suicidal ideation with emotion dysregulation. In light of these challenges, we present a novel end-to-end (E2E) method for speech emotion recognition (SER) as a mean of detecting changes in emotional state, that may indicate a high risk of suicide. Our method incorporates the use of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Gated Recurrent Units (GRUs) to analyze raw waveform signals. Firstly, our model is designed to train the CNN component to identify higher-level speech representations directly from raw waveform data, rather than relying on manually crafted features or spectrograms. This enables the network to effectively capture specific emotion-related features within a narrow frequency range, while also handling speech of varying lengths without the need for segmentation. Secondly, the GRU component is capable of learning temporal patterns, enhancing the network’s ability to capture time-dependent features in signal. Furthermore, we validate our approach on the NSPLCRISE emotion dataset that we recently created. This dataset contains phone call recordings from lifeline frequent callers with psychological problems, and potentially with a history of suicidal ideation and previous attempts. Our experimental results show that our method outperforms other state-of-the-art techniques for SER. The source code of this paper is provided on the Git repository Unlocking the Emotional States of High-Risk Suicide Callers through Speech Analysis.
ORDINATEUR
INTERVENTION-CRISE
VOIX
ÉMOTION
LIGNE-TÉLÉPHONIQUE
Suicide remains a major public health concern worldwide, and early detection of suicidal ideation is crucial for prevention. One promising approach for monitoring symptoms is through the prediction of suicidal speech, as speech can be passively collected and may provide insight into changes in risk. However, identifying suicidal speech is challenging due to the rapid variability in speech characteristics and the association of suicidal ideation with emotion dysregulation. In light of these challenges, we present a novel end-to-end (E2E) method for speech emotion recognition (SER) as a mean of detecting changes in emotional state, that may indicate a high risk of suicide. Our method incorporates the use of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Gated Recurrent Units (GRUs) to analyze raw waveform signals. Firstly, our model is designed to train the CNN component to identify higher-level speech representations directly from raw waveform data, rather than relying on manually crafted features or spectrograms. This enables the network to effectively capture specific emotion-related features within a narrow frequency range, while also handling speech of varying lengths without the need for segmentation. Secondly, the GRU component is capable of learning temporal patterns, enhancing the network’s ability to capture time-dependent features in signal. Furthermore, we validate our approach on the NSPLCRISE emotion dataset that we recently created. This dataset contains phone call recordings from lifeline frequent callers with psychological problems, and potentially with a history of suicidal ideation and previous attempts. Our experimental results show that our method outperforms other state-of-the-art techniques for SER. The source code of this paper is provided on the Git repository Unlocking the Emotional States of High-Risk Suicide Callers through Speech Analysis.
5.
Bardon, Cécile; Longtin, Véronique; Beaulieu-Bergeron, Rébecca
AUDIS : Mieux prévenir le suicide chez les personnes autistes ou présentant une déficience intellectuelle Article de journal
Dans: vol. La pratique en mouvement, no 25, p. 7–11, 2023.
@article{bardon_audis_2023,
title = {AUDIS : Mieux prévenir le suicide chez les personnes autistes ou présentant une déficience intellectuelle},
author = {Cécile Bardon and Véronique Longtin and Rébecca Beaulieu-Bergeron},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-03-01},
volume = {La pratique en mouvement},
number = {25},
pages = {7--11},
abstract = {[Sans résumé]
QUÉBEC
CANADA
IDÉATION
TENTATIVE
INTERVENTION
INTERVENTION-CRISE
TROUBLE-SPECTRE-AUTISME
DÉFICIENCE-INTELLECTUELLE
DÉPISTAGE
POTENTIEL-SUICIDAIRE
COMPORTEMENT-VIOLENT
CONCEPT-MORT
NEUROLOGIE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
[Sans résumé]
QUÉBEC
CANADA
IDÉATION
TENTATIVE
INTERVENTION
INTERVENTION-CRISE
TROUBLE-SPECTRE-AUTISME
DÉFICIENCE-INTELLECTUELLE
DÉPISTAGE
POTENTIEL-SUICIDAIRE
COMPORTEMENT-VIOLENT
CONCEPT-MORT
NEUROLOGIE
QUÉBEC
CANADA
IDÉATION
TENTATIVE
INTERVENTION
INTERVENTION-CRISE
TROUBLE-SPECTRE-AUTISME
DÉFICIENCE-INTELLECTUELLE
DÉPISTAGE
POTENTIEL-SUICIDAIRE
COMPORTEMENT-VIOLENT
CONCEPT-MORT
NEUROLOGIE
6.
Levesque, Pascale; Perron, Paul-André
Les comportements suicidaires au Québec : portrait 2023 Rapport technique
Bureau d’information et d’études en santé des populations, Institut national de santé publique du Québec. Québec, 2023.
@techreport{levesque_les_2023,
title = {Les comportements suicidaires au Québec : portrait 2023},
author = {Pascale Levesque and Paul-André Perron},
url = {https://www.inspq.qc.ca/sites/default/files/publications/3294-comportements-suicidaires-quebec.pdf},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-02-06},
pages = {57 p.},
address = {Québec},
institution = {Bureau d’information et d’études en santé des populations, Institut national de santé publique du Québec.},
abstract = {Dans le cadre de la Politique gouvernementale de prévention en santé élaborée en 2016, le gouvernement du Québec vise le renforcement des mesures de prévention dans le système de santé et des services sociaux auprès des personnes vulnérables, notamment en matière de promotion de la santé mentale et de prévention du suicide. Afin de soutenir la prise de décision liée à la planification et à la réalisation des politiques en prévention du suicide, l’Institut national de santé publique du Québec (INSPQ) publie depuis 2004 un rapport présentant les données les plus récentes sur les comportements suicidaires au Québec.
QUÉBEC
CANADA
GENRE
HOMME
FEMME
ÂGE
ENFANT
ADOLESCENT
JEUNE-ADULTE
ADULTE
AÎNÉ
IDÉATION
TENTATIVE
SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
PRÉVALENCE
TENDANCE
MOYEN
HOSPITALISATION
ÉPIDÉMIOLOGIE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
Dans le cadre de la Politique gouvernementale de prévention en santé élaborée en 2016, le gouvernement du Québec vise le renforcement des mesures de prévention dans le système de santé et des services sociaux auprès des personnes vulnérables, notamment en matière de promotion de la santé mentale et de prévention du suicide. Afin de soutenir la prise de décision liée à la planification et à la réalisation des politiques en prévention du suicide, l’Institut national de santé publique du Québec (INSPQ) publie depuis 2004 un rapport présentant les données les plus récentes sur les comportements suicidaires au Québec.
QUÉBEC
CANADA
GENRE
HOMME
FEMME
ÂGE
ENFANT
ADOLESCENT
JEUNE-ADULTE
ADULTE
AÎNÉ
IDÉATION
TENTATIVE
SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
PRÉVALENCE
TENDANCE
MOYEN
HOSPITALISATION
ÉPIDÉMIOLOGIE
QUÉBEC
CANADA
GENRE
HOMME
FEMME
ÂGE
ENFANT
ADOLESCENT
JEUNE-ADULTE
ADULTE
AÎNÉ
IDÉATION
TENTATIVE
SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
PRÉVALENCE
TENDANCE
MOYEN
HOSPITALISATION
ÉPIDÉMIOLOGIE
7.
Genest, Christine; Bergeron, Nicolas; Provost-Tremblay, Émilie; Dufour, Marie-Michèle; Guay, Stéphane; Geoffrion, Steve
Suicidal ideation of healthcare workers during COVID-19: An ecological momentary assessment Article de journal
Dans: vol. 5, no 2, p. 89–100, 2022.
@article{genest_suicidal_2022,
title = {Suicidal ideation of healthcare workers during COVID-19: An ecological momentary assessment},
author = {Christine Genest and Nicolas Bergeron and Émilie Provost-Tremblay and Marie-Michèle Dufour and Stéphane Guay and Steve Geoffrion},
url = {https://sips-snahp.ojs.umontreal.ca/index.php/sips-snahp/article/view/76},
doi = {doi.org/10.7202/snahp},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-12-15},
urldate = {2022-12-15},
volume = {5},
number = {2},
pages = {89--100},
abstract = {textbfIntroduction: The COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on the psychological health of healthcare workers (HCWs). Cross-sectional studies report suicidal ideation in this population during this period, but no longitudinal study has examined the evolution of these ideas over time. Objectives: To assess the evolution of suicidal ideation of HCWs during the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic among Quebec (Canada) HCWs and to identify the risk factors involved. textbfMethods: A longitudinal study among Quebec (Canada) HCWs using ecological momentary assessment was conducted between May 8, 2020, and March 31, 2021 (corresponding to the second half of the first wave to the end of the second). Participants (n=865) answered weekly questions related to anxiety (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9), suicidal ideation (PHQ-9 Q.9), exposure to COVID-19, exposure to COVID-19-related deaths, their infection status and that of their co-workers and loved ones, as well as the amount of time they spent consuming news related to COVID-19. textbfResults: Proportion of suicidal ideation increased from May to June 2020 (second half of the first wave) peaking at 18% before declining up to March 2021. Anxiety and depression symptoms severity increased those ideations as well as having a colleague confirmed positive to COVID-19. Social support does not appear to be a protective factor for suicidal ideation. Suicidal thoughts are associated with media consumption and appear to be mediated by the presence of clinical distress expressed as depressive or anxiety states. textbfDiscussion and conclusion: Media consumption in a pandemic context is associated with anxiety and depression, the more severe states of which may express suicidal ideation. Without inferring causality relationship, it seems advisable for HCWs to limit their media exposure during a disaster such as a pandemic.
QUÉBEC
CANADA
IDÉATION
PERSONNEL-MÉDICAL
SANTÉ-MENTALE
ÉPIDÉMIE
SOUTIEN-SOCIAL
ANXIÉTÉ
DÉPRESSION
MÉDIA
ÉTUDE-LONGITUDINALE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
textbfIntroduction: The COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on the psychological health of healthcare workers (HCWs). Cross-sectional studies report suicidal ideation in this population during this period, but no longitudinal study has examined the evolution of these ideas over time. Objectives: To assess the evolution of suicidal ideation of HCWs during the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic among Quebec (Canada) HCWs and to identify the risk factors involved. textbfMethods: A longitudinal study among Quebec (Canada) HCWs using ecological momentary assessment was conducted between May 8, 2020, and March 31, 2021 (corresponding to the second half of the first wave to the end of the second). Participants (n=865) answered weekly questions related to anxiety (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9), suicidal ideation (PHQ-9 Q.9), exposure to COVID-19, exposure to COVID-19-related deaths, their infection status and that of their co-workers and loved ones, as well as the amount of time they spent consuming news related to COVID-19. textbfResults: Proportion of suicidal ideation increased from May to June 2020 (second half of the first wave) peaking at 18% before declining up to March 2021. Anxiety and depression symptoms severity increased those ideations as well as having a colleague confirmed positive to COVID-19. Social support does not appear to be a protective factor for suicidal ideation. Suicidal thoughts are associated with media consumption and appear to be mediated by the presence of clinical distress expressed as depressive or anxiety states. textbfDiscussion and conclusion: Media consumption in a pandemic context is associated with anxiety and depression, the more severe states of which may express suicidal ideation. Without inferring causality relationship, it seems advisable for HCWs to limit their media exposure during a disaster such as a pandemic.
QUÉBEC
CANADA
IDÉATION
PERSONNEL-MÉDICAL
SANTÉ-MENTALE
ÉPIDÉMIE
SOUTIEN-SOCIAL
ANXIÉTÉ
DÉPRESSION
MÉDIA
ÉTUDE-LONGITUDINALE
QUÉBEC
CANADA
IDÉATION
PERSONNEL-MÉDICAL
SANTÉ-MENTALE
ÉPIDÉMIE
SOUTIEN-SOCIAL
ANXIÉTÉ
DÉPRESSION
MÉDIA
ÉTUDE-LONGITUDINALE
8.
Stijelja, Stefan; Mishara, Brian
Preventing suicidal and self-Injurious behavior in correctional facilities: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis Article de journal
Dans: vol. 51, p. 101560, 2022.
@article{stijelja_preventing_2022,
title = {Preventing suicidal and self-Injurious behavior in correctional facilities: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis},
author = {Stefan Stijelja and Brian Mishara},
doi = {10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101560},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-09-01},
volume = {51},
pages = {101560},
abstract = {Summary Background Rates of suicide and self-harm are elevated in carceral institutions. Inmates are a vulnerable group since they are exposed to multiple risk factors. This paper critically reviews empirical research on programs to prevent suicidal and self-harmful behaviors in correctional facilities and summarizes effect sizes across studies. Methods We searched PsychINFO, PubMed, IEEEXPLORE and the CRISE Documentation Centre Database to identify relevant articles published before June 2022. Inclusion criteria were: peer-reviewed and with outcome data on effectiveness of prevention activities. Two reviewers independently assessed 905 articles to determine inclusion eligibility. Quality was assessed by two independent reviewers using the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies. Meta-analyses using random-effect models were used to pool effect sizes for each outcome. This review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Findings Twenty-four of the 905 articles, published between 1980 and 2022, were included. Studies were frequently conducted in the United States (n=13; 54%) and used varying study designs; most frequently pre-post with no control group (n=9; 38%). Sample sizes and interventions varied considerably. Most were of moderate quality (n=21; 88%). On average, prevention programs in correctional facilities were effective in decreasing suicide deaths (pooled rate ratio of 0·35 [95% CI 0·23 to 0·55; ptextless0·001]; I2=68·01%), incidents of self-harm (pooled Hedges'g of -0·54 (95% CI: -1·03 to -0·05; p=0·031]; I2=81·34%), and suicidal ideation (pooled Hedges'g of -0·39 [95% CI: -0·65 to -0·14; p=0·003]; I2=47·09%). Interpretation Prevention activities are effective in reducing suicide death, self-harm and suicidal ideation in correctional settings. Multicomponent programs, which include several preventive activities, seem to be most effective in reducing suicide deaths. Future evaluation studies should control for confounding variables by including control groups, having larger samples and limiting attrition. Standards for suicide prevention in jails and prisons should be included in National suicide prevention strategies. Funding None. PRÉVENTIONMILIEU-CARCÉRALDÉTENUINTERVENTIONREVUE-LITTÉRATUREMÉTA-ANALYSE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Summary Background Rates of suicide and self-harm are elevated in carceral institutions. Inmates are a vulnerable group since they are exposed to multiple risk factors. This paper critically reviews empirical research on programs to prevent suicidal and self-harmful behaviors in correctional facilities and summarizes effect sizes across studies. Methods We searched PsychINFO, PubMed, IEEEXPLORE and the CRISE Documentation Centre Database to identify relevant articles published before June 2022. Inclusion criteria were: peer-reviewed and with outcome data on effectiveness of prevention activities. Two reviewers independently assessed 905 articles to determine inclusion eligibility. Quality was assessed by two independent reviewers using the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies. Meta-analyses using random-effect models were used to pool effect sizes for each outcome. This review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Findings Twenty-four of the 905 articles, published between 1980 and 2022, were included. Studies were frequently conducted in the United States (n=13; 54%) and used varying study designs; most frequently pre-post with no control group (n=9; 38%). Sample sizes and interventions varied considerably. Most were of moderate quality (n=21; 88%). On average, prevention programs in correctional facilities were effective in decreasing suicide deaths (pooled rate ratio of 0·35 [95% CI 0·23 to 0·55; ptextless0·001]; I2=68·01%), incidents of self-harm (pooled Hedges'g of -0·54 (95% CI: -1·03 to -0·05; p=0·031]; I2=81·34%), and suicidal ideation (pooled Hedges'g of -0·39 [95% CI: -0·65 to -0·14; p=0·003]; I2=47·09%). Interpretation Prevention activities are effective in reducing suicide death, self-harm and suicidal ideation in correctional settings. Multicomponent programs, which include several preventive activities, seem to be most effective in reducing suicide deaths. Future evaluation studies should control for confounding variables by including control groups, having larger samples and limiting attrition. Standards for suicide prevention in jails and prisons should be included in National suicide prevention strategies. Funding None. PRÉVENTIONMILIEU-CARCÉRALDÉTENUINTERVENTIONREVUE-LITTÉRATUREMÉTA-ANALYSE
9.
Côté, Louis-Philippe; Mishara, Brian
Effect of helping suicidal people using text messaging: An evaluation of effects and best practices of the Canadian suicide prevention Service's text helpline Article de journal
Dans: vol. 52, no 6, p. 1140–1148, 2022.
@article{cote_effect_2022,
title = {Effect of helping suicidal people using text messaging: An evaluation of effects and best practices of the Canadian suicide prevention Service's text helpline},
author = {Louis-Philippe Côté and Brian Mishara},
doi = {10.1111/sltb.12908},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-08-10},
volume = {52},
number = {6},
pages = {1140--1148},
abstract = {textbfBackground: Empirical research on best practices in suicide prevention text intervention is scarce. We present analyses of exchanges concerning suicide on the Canadian Suicide Prevention Service (CSPS) text helpline. textbfObjective: To describe the users of the CSPS text service, explore the perceived impact of the service, and identify intervention characteristics associated with a greater likelihood of positive or negative effects of the exchanges. textbfMethods: We analyzed data from 112 transcripts using quantitative content analysis, counselor assessments of the calls, and responses by callers to pre-call questionnaires. textbfResults: Counselors infrequently conducted a complete suicide risk assessment, but almost always thoroughly explored resources and discussed possible solutions to callers' problems. An operational action plan was rarely developed. Only one technique, reinforcing a strength or a positive action of the caller, was a significant predictor of positive effects of the call. The number of words exchanged during the intervention was positively correlated with the completeness of explorations of resources and solutions and the development of an action plan. textbfConclusions: High-quality effective interventions can be delivered via text messages. Using reinforcement of strengths and encouraging longer calls is recommended. Intervention effects were comparable to those reported in studies of telephone and chat services. CANADA
CENTRE-PRÉVENTION-SUICIDE
INTERVENTION
INTERVENTION-CRISE
QUALITÉ-SOIN
COUNSELING
ÉVALUATION
INTERVENANT},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
textbfBackground: Empirical research on best practices in suicide prevention text intervention is scarce. We present analyses of exchanges concerning suicide on the Canadian Suicide Prevention Service (CSPS) text helpline. textbfObjective: To describe the users of the CSPS text service, explore the perceived impact of the service, and identify intervention characteristics associated with a greater likelihood of positive or negative effects of the exchanges. textbfMethods: We analyzed data from 112 transcripts using quantitative content analysis, counselor assessments of the calls, and responses by callers to pre-call questionnaires. textbfResults: Counselors infrequently conducted a complete suicide risk assessment, but almost always thoroughly explored resources and discussed possible solutions to callers' problems. An operational action plan was rarely developed. Only one technique, reinforcing a strength or a positive action of the caller, was a significant predictor of positive effects of the call. The number of words exchanged during the intervention was positively correlated with the completeness of explorations of resources and solutions and the development of an action plan. textbfConclusions: High-quality effective interventions can be delivered via text messages. Using reinforcement of strengths and encouraging longer calls is recommended. Intervention effects were comparable to those reported in studies of telephone and chat services. CANADA
CENTRE-PRÉVENTION-SUICIDE
INTERVENTION
INTERVENTION-CRISE
QUALITÉ-SOIN
COUNSELING
ÉVALUATION
INTERVENANT
CENTRE-PRÉVENTION-SUICIDE
INTERVENTION
INTERVENTION-CRISE
QUALITÉ-SOIN
COUNSELING
ÉVALUATION
INTERVENANT
10.
Rassy, Jessica; Lesage, Alain; Larue, C.; Labelle, Réal; Consortium,
Protocole SécUrgence : Un protocole d’évaluation et d’accompagnement des personnes à risque de suicide dans les urgences du Québec Rapport technique
Québec, Canada, 2022.
@techreport{rassy_protocole_2022,
title = {Protocole SécUrgence : Un protocole d’évaluation et d’accompagnement des personnes à risque de suicide dans les urgences du Québec},
author = {Jessica Rassy and Alain Lesage and C. Larue and Réal Labelle and Consortium},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-07-25},
pages = {38 p.},
address = {Québec, Canada},
abstract = {Ce projet visait le développement d’un protocole d’évaluation et d’accompagnement des personnes à risque de suicide qui se présentent dans les urgences du Québec. Ce protocole, adressé aux infirmières, aux médecins et tout autre professionnel concerné des urgences, a été élaboré en étroite collaboration avec les acteurs clés du réseau de la santé et du réseau communautaire ainsi qu’avec les patients et leurs familles. QUÉBEC
CANADA
URGENCE
HÔPITAL
PATIENT
DÉPISTAGE
POTENTIEL-SUICIDAIRE
PERSONNEL-MÉDICAL
INFORMATION},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
Ce projet visait le développement d’un protocole d’évaluation et d’accompagnement des personnes à risque de suicide qui se présentent dans les urgences du Québec. Ce protocole, adressé aux infirmières, aux médecins et tout autre professionnel concerné des urgences, a été élaboré en étroite collaboration avec les acteurs clés du réseau de la santé et du réseau communautaire ainsi qu’avec les patients et leurs familles. QUÉBEC
CANADA
URGENCE
HÔPITAL
PATIENT
DÉPISTAGE
POTENTIEL-SUICIDAIRE
PERSONNEL-MÉDICAL
INFORMATION
CANADA
URGENCE
HÔPITAL
PATIENT
DÉPISTAGE
POTENTIEL-SUICIDAIRE
PERSONNEL-MÉDICAL
INFORMATION
11.
Ummel, Deborah; Vachon, Mélanie
Perdre un être cher en contexte de COVID-19 : le deuil pandémique comme expérience de deuil désaffranchi ? Article de journal
Dans: vol. 33, no 1, p. [xx–xx], 2022.
@article{ummel_perdre_2022,
title = {Perdre un être cher en contexte de COVID-19 : le deuil pandémique comme expérience de deuil désaffranchi ?},
author = {Deborah Ummel and Mélanie Vachon},
doi = {10.7202/1089342ar},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-07-08},
volume = {33},
number = {1},
pages = {[xx--xx]},
abstract = {Les mesures de santé publique (confinement et distanciation physique) imposées pour freiner la propagation de la COVID-19 engendrent des effets collatéraux psychosociaux majeurs pour les proches aidants. La communauté virtuelle de soutien J’accompagne, sous forme de recherche-action participative, vise à mieux comprendre le deuil pandémique et à briser l’isolement des endeuillés. L’analyse phénoménologique interprétative des entretiens individuels réalisés auprès de 35 proches aidants nous permet de décrire le deuil pandémique par la trajectoire suivante : 1) parcours de proche aidance, 2) rétrécissement de la fenêtre temporelle du mourir, 3) décès souvent soudain et 4) deuil pandémique, partageant certaines similitudes avec le deuil désaffranchi. Des pistes d’intervention pour favoriser la représentation de la perte sont proposées, comme la mise en récit et l’échange d’expérience, dans un espace de soutien collectif. QUÉBEC
CANADA
DEUIL
ENDEUILLÉ
PERTE-PROCHE
MALADIE-PHYSIQUE
MALADIE-TERMINALE
AIDANT
ÉTUDE-QUALITATIVE
RITUEL-FUNÉRAIRE
ACCOMPAGNEMENT-MOURANT},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Les mesures de santé publique (confinement et distanciation physique) imposées pour freiner la propagation de la COVID-19 engendrent des effets collatéraux psychosociaux majeurs pour les proches aidants. La communauté virtuelle de soutien J’accompagne, sous forme de recherche-action participative, vise à mieux comprendre le deuil pandémique et à briser l’isolement des endeuillés. L’analyse phénoménologique interprétative des entretiens individuels réalisés auprès de 35 proches aidants nous permet de décrire le deuil pandémique par la trajectoire suivante : 1) parcours de proche aidance, 2) rétrécissement de la fenêtre temporelle du mourir, 3) décès souvent soudain et 4) deuil pandémique, partageant certaines similitudes avec le deuil désaffranchi. Des pistes d’intervention pour favoriser la représentation de la perte sont proposées, comme la mise en récit et l’échange d’expérience, dans un espace de soutien collectif. QUÉBEC
CANADA
DEUIL
ENDEUILLÉ
PERTE-PROCHE
MALADIE-PHYSIQUE
MALADIE-TERMINALE
AIDANT
ÉTUDE-QUALITATIVE
RITUEL-FUNÉRAIRE
ACCOMPAGNEMENT-MOURANT
CANADA
DEUIL
ENDEUILLÉ
PERTE-PROCHE
MALADIE-PHYSIQUE
MALADIE-TERMINALE
AIDANT
ÉTUDE-QUALITATIVE
RITUEL-FUNÉRAIRE
ACCOMPAGNEMENT-MOURANT
12.
Sueki, Hajime
Characteristics of train stations where railway suicides have occurred and locations within the stations Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 43, no 1, p. 53–58, 2022.
@article{sueki_characteristics_2022,
title = {Characteristics of train stations where railway suicides have occurred and locations within the stations},
author = {Hajime Sueki},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000761},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {43},
number = {1},
pages = {53–58},
abstract = {Background: To devise effective railway suicide countermeasures, it is necessary to identify stations where suicide is likely to occur. Aim: We explored the characteristics of stations where railway suicides have occurred and locations within the stations. Method: (Study 1) Using suicide data from between April 2014 and September 2019 provided by a major railway company in Japan, station-specific suicide was modeled as an outcome variable in a multivariate Poisson regression model. (Study 2) With railway company staff, we visited stations where suicide frequently occurs and conducted fieldwork. Results: (Study 1) Our estimation using a Poisson regression model revealed that railway suicides were more frequent when stations were serviced by passing trains, had a large number of passengers, and were located near psychiatric hospitals. (Study 2) Of 50 suicides, 48.0% occurred in front of benches or waiting rooms, 26.0% occurred at the front end of the platform, 24.0% occurred at the entrance to the platform, and 22.0% occurred at a blind spot for the train driver. Limitations: All data were provided by one railway company in Japan, limiting the generalizability of the results. Conclusion: Stations where suicide occurs frequently have distinct characteristics. Focusing on suicide hotspots may aid suicide prevention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) JAPON
ASIE
TRAIN
PRÉVENTION},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: To devise effective railway suicide countermeasures, it is necessary to identify stations where suicide is likely to occur. Aim: We explored the characteristics of stations where railway suicides have occurred and locations within the stations. Method: (Study 1) Using suicide data from between April 2014 and September 2019 provided by a major railway company in Japan, station-specific suicide was modeled as an outcome variable in a multivariate Poisson regression model. (Study 2) With railway company staff, we visited stations where suicide frequently occurs and conducted fieldwork. Results: (Study 1) Our estimation using a Poisson regression model revealed that railway suicides were more frequent when stations were serviced by passing trains, had a large number of passengers, and were located near psychiatric hospitals. (Study 2) Of 50 suicides, 48.0% occurred in front of benches or waiting rooms, 26.0% occurred at the front end of the platform, 24.0% occurred at the entrance to the platform, and 22.0% occurred at a blind spot for the train driver. Limitations: All data were provided by one railway company in Japan, limiting the generalizability of the results. Conclusion: Stations where suicide occurs frequently have distinct characteristics. Focusing on suicide hotspots may aid suicide prevention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) JAPON
ASIE
TRAIN
PRÉVENTION
ASIE
TRAIN
PRÉVENTION
13.
Shand, Fiona; Duffy, Luke; Torok, Michelle
Can government responses to unemployment reduce the impact of unemployment on suicide? A systematic review Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 43, no 1, p. 59–66, 2022.
@article{shand_can_2022,
title = {Can government responses to unemployment reduce the impact of unemployment on suicide? A systematic review},
author = {Fiona Shand and Luke Duffy and Michelle Torok},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000750},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {43},
number = {1},
pages = {59–66},
abstract = {Background: Unemployment is a well-documented risk factor for suicide. Findings from a number of studies suggest that government policy plays a crucial role in mediating the unemployment–suicide relationship. Aims: Our review was designed to assess whether government policies aimed at managing unemployment can moderate the impact of unemployment on suicide and self-harm. Method: A systematic search of the Medline, ProQuest, Scopus, and Web of Science databases was conducted. All original, English-language, peer-reviewed studies examining the impact of unemployment policy on rates of suicide or self-harm were eligible for inclusion. Results: Six unique studies were identified, each using an ecological design and suicide deaths as the outcome. Three of five studies looking at unemployment benefits found a negative association with suicide rates. Studies examining the impact of active unemployment policy and employment protection legislation found evidence of beneficial effects. The effects of the policies were small and had particular benefit in reducing suicide rates among men. Limitations: The ecological designs used may limit conclusions around causality. It is unclear whether the findings generalize to those in lower- and middle-income countries. Conclusion: The findings suggest that unemployment policies can mitigate the relationship between unemployment and suicide, particularly among men. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
CHÔMAGE
FACTEUR-RISQUE
APPROCHE-ÉCOLOGIQUE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: Unemployment is a well-documented risk factor for suicide. Findings from a number of studies suggest that government policy plays a crucial role in mediating the unemployment–suicide relationship. Aims: Our review was designed to assess whether government policies aimed at managing unemployment can moderate the impact of unemployment on suicide and self-harm. Method: A systematic search of the Medline, ProQuest, Scopus, and Web of Science databases was conducted. All original, English-language, peer-reviewed studies examining the impact of unemployment policy on rates of suicide or self-harm were eligible for inclusion. Results: Six unique studies were identified, each using an ecological design and suicide deaths as the outcome. Three of five studies looking at unemployment benefits found a negative association with suicide rates. Studies examining the impact of active unemployment policy and employment protection legislation found evidence of beneficial effects. The effects of the policies were small and had particular benefit in reducing suicide rates among men. Limitations: The ecological designs used may limit conclusions around causality. It is unclear whether the findings generalize to those in lower- and middle-income countries. Conclusion: The findings suggest that unemployment policies can mitigate the relationship between unemployment and suicide, particularly among men. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
CHÔMAGE
FACTEUR-RISQUE
APPROCHE-ÉCOLOGIQUE
CHÔMAGE
FACTEUR-RISQUE
APPROCHE-ÉCOLOGIQUE
14.
Saini, Pooja; Clements, Caroline; Gardner, Kathryn Jane; Chopra, Jennifer; Latham, Cameron; Kumar, Rohit; Taylor, Peter
Identifying suicide and self-harm research priorities in north west England: A Delphi study Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 43, no 1, p. 35–45, 2022.
@article{saini_identifying_2022,
title = {Identifying suicide and self-harm research priorities in north west England: A Delphi study},
author = {Pooja Saini and Caroline Clements and Kathryn Jane Gardner and Jennifer Chopra and Cameron Latham and Rohit Kumar and Peter Taylor},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000757},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {43},
number = {1},
pages = {35–45},
abstract = {Background: Understanding and effectively managing self-harm and suicide require collaborative research between stakeholders focused on shared priorities. Aims: We aimed to develop a consensus about suicide and self-harm research priorities in the North West of England using the Delphi method. Method: Items for the Delphi survey were generated through group discussions at a workshop with 88 stakeholders and subsequent thematic analysis of key themes. A total of 44 participants who were experts-by-experience, researchers, and clinicians based within health services including third-sector organizations completed the Delphi survey. Results: A three-round survey reached consensus on 55 research priority items identifying key priorities in each of the following groups: offenders, children and young people, self-harm in community settings, and crisis care in the community. Limitations: The pool of delegates at the workshop and subsequent self-selection into the Delphi may have introduced bias into the study. Conclusion: The current paper highlights specific actionable priorities were identified in four areas that can be used to inform research efforts and future policy and practice, based on shared areas of perceived importance and concern. Future work is needed to confirm the significance of these priority areas, including the use of evidence synthesis approaches to ascertain the extent to which these priorities have already been investigated and where gaps in understanding remain. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) PRÉVENTION
RECHERCHE
SUICIDOLOGIE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: Understanding and effectively managing self-harm and suicide require collaborative research between stakeholders focused on shared priorities. Aims: We aimed to develop a consensus about suicide and self-harm research priorities in the North West of England using the Delphi method. Method: Items for the Delphi survey were generated through group discussions at a workshop with 88 stakeholders and subsequent thematic analysis of key themes. A total of 44 participants who were experts-by-experience, researchers, and clinicians based within health services including third-sector organizations completed the Delphi survey. Results: A three-round survey reached consensus on 55 research priority items identifying key priorities in each of the following groups: offenders, children and young people, self-harm in community settings, and crisis care in the community. Limitations: The pool of delegates at the workshop and subsequent self-selection into the Delphi may have introduced bias into the study. Conclusion: The current paper highlights specific actionable priorities were identified in four areas that can be used to inform research efforts and future policy and practice, based on shared areas of perceived importance and concern. Future work is needed to confirm the significance of these priority areas, including the use of evidence synthesis approaches to ascertain the extent to which these priorities have already been investigated and where gaps in understanding remain. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) PRÉVENTION
RECHERCHE
SUICIDOLOGIE
RECHERCHE
SUICIDOLOGIE
15.
Reifels, Lennart; Krishnamoorthy, Sadhvi; Kõlves, Kairi; Francis, Jillian
Implementation science in suicide prevention Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 43, no 1, p. 1–7, 2022.
@article{reifels_implementation_2022,
title = {Implementation science in suicide prevention},
author = {Lennart Reifels and Sadhvi Krishnamoorthy and Kairi Kõlves and Jillian Francis},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000846},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {43},
number = {1},
pages = {1–7},
abstract = {The aims of this editorial are threefold. The authors seek to (1) highlight the merit of implementation science for suicide prevention research and practice; (2) outline key implementation science concepts and approaches to foster future research and establish the evidence base for effective implementation in suicide prevention; and (3) illustrate applications and key considerations for implementation science approaches in diverse contexts (using examples of multilevel interventions). (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) PRÉVENTION
PROGRAMME
IMPLANTATION},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The aims of this editorial are threefold. The authors seek to (1) highlight the merit of implementation science for suicide prevention research and practice; (2) outline key implementation science concepts and approaches to foster future research and establish the evidence base for effective implementation in suicide prevention; and (3) illustrate applications and key considerations for implementation science approaches in diverse contexts (using examples of multilevel interventions). (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) PRÉVENTION
PROGRAMME
IMPLANTATION
PROGRAMME
IMPLANTATION
16.
Quarshie, Emmanuel Nii-Boye; Andoh-Arthur, Johnny
Suicide attempts among 1,437 adolescents aged 12–17 years attending junior high schools in Ghana Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 43, no 1, p. 8–17, 2022.
@article{nii-boye_quarshie_suicide_2022,
title = {Suicide attempts among 1,437 adolescents aged 12–17 years attending junior high schools in Ghana},
author = {Emmanuel Nii-Boye Quarshie and Johnny Andoh-Arthur},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000746},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {43},
number = {1},
pages = {8–17},
abstract = {Background: Emerging research on suicidal behaviors among adolescents in Ghana has been conducted mainly among senior high school students. Aims: We aimed to estimate the 12-month prevalence of suicide attempts and describe some of the general and gender-specific associated factors among adolescents attending junior high schools (JHSs) in Ghana. Method: We analyzed data from the 2012 Ghana Global School-Based Student Health Survey. The sample consisted of 1,437 adolescents aged 12–17 years. We performed bivariate and multivariable analyses to assess the associations between 12-month suicide attempts and some psychosocial factors. Results: The overall 12-month prevalence estimate of suicide attempts was 27.6%, with comparable estimates between males (26.4%) and females (28.8%). In the final adjusted multivariable models, bullying victimization (AOR = 2.57; 95% CI = 1.53, 4.31), alcohol use (AOR = 1.94; 95% CI = 1.10, 3.41), and having no close friends (AOR = 0.36; 95% CI = 0.17, 0.75) were associated with increased odds of suicide attempts among males, whereas anxiety (AOR = 2.57; 95% CI = 1.54, 4.29) and being sexually active (AOR = 2.42; 95% CI = 1.25, 4.68) were associated with increased odds of suicide attempts in females. Limitations: The correlational nature of this study did not allow for causal inferences. Conclusion: The study underscores adolescent suicide attempts as a public health concern in Ghana. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) GHANA
AFRIQUE
GENRE
HOMME
FEMME
ADOLESCENT
TENTATIVE
FACTEUR-RISQUE
BULLYING
ALCOOL
SOLITUDE
ANXIÉTÉ},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: Emerging research on suicidal behaviors among adolescents in Ghana has been conducted mainly among senior high school students. Aims: We aimed to estimate the 12-month prevalence of suicide attempts and describe some of the general and gender-specific associated factors among adolescents attending junior high schools (JHSs) in Ghana. Method: We analyzed data from the 2012 Ghana Global School-Based Student Health Survey. The sample consisted of 1,437 adolescents aged 12–17 years. We performed bivariate and multivariable analyses to assess the associations between 12-month suicide attempts and some psychosocial factors. Results: The overall 12-month prevalence estimate of suicide attempts was 27.6%, with comparable estimates between males (26.4%) and females (28.8%). In the final adjusted multivariable models, bullying victimization (AOR = 2.57; 95% CI = 1.53, 4.31), alcohol use (AOR = 1.94; 95% CI = 1.10, 3.41), and having no close friends (AOR = 0.36; 95% CI = 0.17, 0.75) were associated with increased odds of suicide attempts among males, whereas anxiety (AOR = 2.57; 95% CI = 1.54, 4.29) and being sexually active (AOR = 2.42; 95% CI = 1.25, 4.68) were associated with increased odds of suicide attempts in females. Limitations: The correlational nature of this study did not allow for causal inferences. Conclusion: The study underscores adolescent suicide attempts as a public health concern in Ghana. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) GHANA
AFRIQUE
GENRE
HOMME
FEMME
ADOLESCENT
TENTATIVE
FACTEUR-RISQUE
BULLYING
ALCOOL
SOLITUDE
ANXIÉTÉ
AFRIQUE
GENRE
HOMME
FEMME
ADOLESCENT
TENTATIVE
FACTEUR-RISQUE
BULLYING
ALCOOL
SOLITUDE
ANXIÉTÉ
17.
Malakouti, Seyed Kazem; Nojomi, Marzieh; Ghanbari, Behrooz; Rasouli, Nafee; Khaleghparast, Shiva; Farahani, Ida Ghaemmagham
Aftercare and suicide reattempt prevention in Tehran, Iran: Outcome of 12-month randomized controlled study Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 43, no 1, p. 18–27, 2022.
@article{malakouti_aftercare_2022,
title = {Aftercare and suicide reattempt prevention in Tehran, Iran: Outcome of 12-month randomized controlled study},
author = {Seyed Kazem Malakouti and Marzieh Nojomi and Behrooz Ghanbari and Nafee Rasouli and Shiva Khaleghparast and Ida Ghaemmagham Farahani},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000754},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {43},
number = {1},
pages = {18–27},
abstract = {Background: A previous suicide attempt is one of the strongest risk factors for subsequent suicide. Effective care following a suicide attempt may reduce the risk of suicide reattempts. Aims: We aimed to investigate the effect of a brief educational intervention and contact program on suicide reattempts. Method: This study was performed as a randomized clinical trial (RCT) recruiting 305 individuals who had attempted suicide (brief intervention and contact = 153 individuals, BIC; treatment as usual = 152 individuals, TAU) who were referred to Baharlu Hospital in Tehran. The SUPRE-MISS questionnaire and a discharge follow-up questionnaire were used for data collection. Cox proportional hazard models and log-rank tests were used to assess the association of the variable with the event (reattempt). Kaplan–Meier curves were used to depict the time to the event of reattempt. Results: In the BIC group, 11% of the individuals had attempted suicide once, and 25% of the TAU group had attempted suicide once (12.4%), twice (9.3%), and three times (3.8%), respectively. The results of Kaplan–Meier analysis indicated the mean time of reattempt in the BIC (0.76) and TAU groups (0.25) as the fourth and second months of follow-up, respectively (log rank, χ² = 12.48, p < .001). The hazard ratio for the TAU group was 2.57 (95% CI [1.4, 5.9]). Limitations: Loss to follow-up due to stigma is one of the serious problems of follow-up services. Conclusion: Implementing a brief educational intervention and contact program on suicide reattempts is feasible and effective in reducing the rate of reattempt; however, it should be accommodated within the mental health services of the county. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) IRAN
MOYEN-ORIENT
TENTATIVE
RÉCIDIVE
SUICIDAIRE-CHRONIQUE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: A previous suicide attempt is one of the strongest risk factors for subsequent suicide. Effective care following a suicide attempt may reduce the risk of suicide reattempts. Aims: We aimed to investigate the effect of a brief educational intervention and contact program on suicide reattempts. Method: This study was performed as a randomized clinical trial (RCT) recruiting 305 individuals who had attempted suicide (brief intervention and contact = 153 individuals, BIC; treatment as usual = 152 individuals, TAU) who were referred to Baharlu Hospital in Tehran. The SUPRE-MISS questionnaire and a discharge follow-up questionnaire were used for data collection. Cox proportional hazard models and log-rank tests were used to assess the association of the variable with the event (reattempt). Kaplan–Meier curves were used to depict the time to the event of reattempt. Results: In the BIC group, 11% of the individuals had attempted suicide once, and 25% of the TAU group had attempted suicide once (12.4%), twice (9.3%), and three times (3.8%), respectively. The results of Kaplan–Meier analysis indicated the mean time of reattempt in the BIC (0.76) and TAU groups (0.25) as the fourth and second months of follow-up, respectively (log rank, χ² = 12.48, p < .001). The hazard ratio for the TAU group was 2.57 (95% CI [1.4, 5.9]). Limitations: Loss to follow-up due to stigma is one of the serious problems of follow-up services. Conclusion: Implementing a brief educational intervention and contact program on suicide reattempts is feasible and effective in reducing the rate of reattempt; however, it should be accommodated within the mental health services of the county. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) IRAN
MOYEN-ORIENT
TENTATIVE
RÉCIDIVE
SUICIDAIRE-CHRONIQUE
MOYEN-ORIENT
TENTATIVE
RÉCIDIVE
SUICIDAIRE-CHRONIQUE
18.
King, Kylie; Schlichthorst, Marisa; Millar, Ciara; Sutherland, Georgina; Too, Lay San
Understanding the context of suicides by older men compared with younger old men and women: An exploration of coronial data in Victoria, Australia Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 43, no 1, p. 67–71, 2022.
@article{king_understanding_2022,
title = {Understanding the context of suicides by older men compared with younger old men and women: An exploration of coronial data in Victoria, Australia},
author = {Kylie King and Marisa Schlichthorst and Ciara Millar and Georgina Sutherland and Lay San Too},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000747},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {43},
number = {1},
pages = {67–71},
abstract = {Background: The rate of suicide among men aged 85 years or older is the highest of any age or gender group in many countries, but little is known about their pathways to suicide. Aims: This study aimed to determine the context of suicide by men aged 85 years or older. Method: Data were extracted from the Victorian Suicide Register regarding suicide deaths between 2009 and 2015. Chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test was used to compare old men (65–84 years old) and older men (85 years or more), and old women and old men (both 65 years or more). Results: The context of suicide by older men differed significantly from that of old men, as did that of old men compared with old women, on variables related to suicidal behavior and intention, mental illness, mental health treatment, and life stressors. Limitations: The study is limited by the small numbers of deaths by suicide in this age group in Victoria. Conclusion: The context of suicide by older and old men is different from that of old men and old women, respectively. More research is needed to understand the pathways to suicide by older men. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) AUSTRALIE
OCÉANIE
GENRE
HOMME
FEMME
ÂGE
AÎNÉ
ADULTE
SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: The rate of suicide among men aged 85 years or older is the highest of any age or gender group in many countries, but little is known about their pathways to suicide. Aims: This study aimed to determine the context of suicide by men aged 85 years or older. Method: Data were extracted from the Victorian Suicide Register regarding suicide deaths between 2009 and 2015. Chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test was used to compare old men (65–84 years old) and older men (85 years or more), and old women and old men (both 65 years or more). Results: The context of suicide by older men differed significantly from that of old men, as did that of old men compared with old women, on variables related to suicidal behavior and intention, mental illness, mental health treatment, and life stressors. Limitations: The study is limited by the small numbers of deaths by suicide in this age group in Victoria. Conclusion: The context of suicide by older and old men is different from that of old men and old women, respectively. More research is needed to understand the pathways to suicide by older men. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) AUSTRALIE
OCÉANIE
GENRE
HOMME
FEMME
ÂGE
AÎNÉ
ADULTE
SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
OCÉANIE
GENRE
HOMME
FEMME
ÂGE
AÎNÉ
ADULTE
SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
19.
Karras, Elizabeth; Levandowski, Brooke A.; McCarten, Janet M.
An exploration of barriers to suicide prevention messaging with US veterans Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 43, no 1, p. 28–34, 2022.
@article{karras_exploration_2022,
title = {An exploration of barriers to suicide prevention messaging with US veterans},
author = {Elizabeth Karras and Brooke A. Levandowski and Janet M. McCarten},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000756},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {43},
number = {1},
pages = {28–34},
abstract = {Background: Communication campaigns offer a portable intervention to effectively reach and engage target populations at risk for suicide including US veterans. Few studies have evaluated such efforts, and still fewer have examined factors that contribute to failed suicide prevention messaging. Aims: We aimed to examine characteristics of suicide prevention messages and persuasive processes that may underlie failed communicative intervention with US veterans. Method: Telephone interviews were completed with veterans (N = 33) from June to September 2016 using a semi-structured interview guide. Interview transcripts were coded by the authors with NVivo using a constant comparison analytic strategy. Results: Several reasons emerged for why suicide prevention messaging may fail to produce intended responses among veterans. Participants identified message features (e.g., language, images, messenger) and communication strategies that may diminish campaign effects. Limitations: Findings are not generalizable, are limited to participants who used VA healthcare and were not suicidal, and are subject to several biases. Conclusion: This work provides initial insights into barriers to effective message use with veterans. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) ÉTATS-UNIS
PRÉVENTION
MILITAIRE
RETRAITE
CAMPAGNE-SENSIBILISATION},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: Communication campaigns offer a portable intervention to effectively reach and engage target populations at risk for suicide including US veterans. Few studies have evaluated such efforts, and still fewer have examined factors that contribute to failed suicide prevention messaging. Aims: We aimed to examine characteristics of suicide prevention messages and persuasive processes that may underlie failed communicative intervention with US veterans. Method: Telephone interviews were completed with veterans (N = 33) from June to September 2016 using a semi-structured interview guide. Interview transcripts were coded by the authors with NVivo using a constant comparison analytic strategy. Results: Several reasons emerged for why suicide prevention messaging may fail to produce intended responses among veterans. Participants identified message features (e.g., language, images, messenger) and communication strategies that may diminish campaign effects. Limitations: Findings are not generalizable, are limited to participants who used VA healthcare and were not suicidal, and are subject to several biases. Conclusion: This work provides initial insights into barriers to effective message use with veterans. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) ÉTATS-UNIS
PRÉVENTION
MILITAIRE
RETRAITE
CAMPAGNE-SENSIBILISATION
PRÉVENTION
MILITAIRE
RETRAITE
CAMPAGNE-SENSIBILISATION
20.
Fildes, Dave; Williams, Kathryn; Bradford, Sally; Grootemaat, Pam; Kobel, Conrad; Gordon, Rob
Implementation of a pilot SMS-based crisis support service in Australia: Staff experiences of supporting help-seekers via text Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 43, no 1, p. 46–52, 2022.
@article{fildes_implementation_2022,
title = {Implementation of a pilot SMS-based crisis support service in Australia: Staff experiences of supporting help-seekers via text},
author = {Dave Fildes and Kathryn Williams and Sally Bradford and Pam Grootemaat and Conrad Kobel and Rob Gordon},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000758},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {43},
number = {1},
pages = {46–52},
abstract = {Background: Australia's first short message service (SMS) crisis support service was launched by Lifeline Australia in July 2018. The pilot program was independently evaluated over a 240-day period. Aims: We aimed to examine the experiences of key staff employed in the Lifeline Text pilot and identify the skills and types of support required to deliver a high-quality SMS-based crisis support service. Method: In total, 22 interviews were conducted with 14 Lifeline Text crisis supporters and in-shift supervisors (supervisors) at two time points in September 2018 and March 2019. A modified framework approach was adopted to undertake qualitative data analyses. Results: Delivering crisis support via text was initially challenging as a result of the need to translate skills from telephone crisis support to the SMS platform. This was compounded by the high degree of suicidality of help-seekers and volatility in demand for the service. Limitations: The independent evaluators were not involved in the design of the pilot. Conclusion: Lifeline text is providing an important and necessary service, using a novel mode of delivery in Australia. Maintaining service quality at peak demand, with many distressed and suicidal help-seekers, requires specialized training, experience, and exceptional skills. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) AUSTRALIE
OCÉANIE
INTERVENTION-CRISE
LIGNE-TÉLÉPHONIQUE
CENTRE-PRÉVENTION-SUICIDE
RECHERCHE-AIDE
DÉTRESSE-PSYCHOLOGIQUE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: Australia's first short message service (SMS) crisis support service was launched by Lifeline Australia in July 2018. The pilot program was independently evaluated over a 240-day period. Aims: We aimed to examine the experiences of key staff employed in the Lifeline Text pilot and identify the skills and types of support required to deliver a high-quality SMS-based crisis support service. Method: In total, 22 interviews were conducted with 14 Lifeline Text crisis supporters and in-shift supervisors (supervisors) at two time points in September 2018 and March 2019. A modified framework approach was adopted to undertake qualitative data analyses. Results: Delivering crisis support via text was initially challenging as a result of the need to translate skills from telephone crisis support to the SMS platform. This was compounded by the high degree of suicidality of help-seekers and volatility in demand for the service. Limitations: The independent evaluators were not involved in the design of the pilot. Conclusion: Lifeline text is providing an important and necessary service, using a novel mode of delivery in Australia. Maintaining service quality at peak demand, with many distressed and suicidal help-seekers, requires specialized training, experience, and exceptional skills. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) AUSTRALIE
OCÉANIE
INTERVENTION-CRISE
LIGNE-TÉLÉPHONIQUE
CENTRE-PRÉVENTION-SUICIDE
RECHERCHE-AIDE
DÉTRESSE-PSYCHOLOGIQUE
OCÉANIE
INTERVENTION-CRISE
LIGNE-TÉLÉPHONIQUE
CENTRE-PRÉVENTION-SUICIDE
RECHERCHE-AIDE
DÉTRESSE-PSYCHOLOGIQUE
2024
Corthésy-Blondin, Laurent; Mishara, Brian; Bardon, Cécile
Enquête sur la prévention du suicide chez les techniciens ambulanciers et paramédics au Québec Rapport technique
2024.
@techreport{corthesy-blondin_enquete_2024,
title = {Enquête sur la prévention du suicide chez les techniciens ambulanciers et paramédics au Québec},
author = {Laurent Corthésy-Blondin and Brian Mishara and Cécile Bardon},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-07-08},
urldate = {2024-07-08},
pages = {12},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
Kharrat, F. Gholi Zadeh; Gagne, C.; Lesage, A.; Gariépy, G.; Pelletier, J. -F.; Brousseau-Paradis, C.; Rochette, L.; Pelletier, E.; Levesque, Pascale; Mohammed, M.; Wang, J.
Explainable artificial intelligence models for predicting risk of suicide using health administrative data in Quebec Article de journal
Dans: PLoS One, vol. 19, no 4, p. e0301117, 2024.
@article{gholi_zadeh_kharrat_explainable_2024,
title = {Explainable artificial intelligence models for predicting risk of suicide using health administrative data in Quebec},
author = {F. Gholi Zadeh Kharrat and C. Gagne and A. Lesage and G. Gariépy and J. -F. Pelletier and C. Brousseau-Paradis and L. Rochette and E. Pelletier and Pascale Levesque and M. Mohammed and J. Wang},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0301117},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-04-08},
urldate = {2024-01-01},
journal = {PLoS One},
volume = {19},
number = {4},
pages = {e0301117},
abstract = {Suicide is a complex, multidimensional event, and a significant challenge for prevention globally. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have emerged to harness large-scale datasets to enhance risk detection. In order to trust and act upon the predictions made with ML, more intuitive user interfaces must be validated. Thus, Interpretable AI is one of the crucial directions which could allow policy and decision makers to make reasonable and data-driven decisions that can ultimately lead to better mental health services planning and suicide prevention. This research aimed to develop sex-specific ML models for predicting the population risk of suicide and to interpret the models. Data were from the Quebec Integrated Chronic Disease Surveillance System (QICDSS), covering up to 98% of the population in the province of Quebec and containing data for over 20,000 suicides between 2002 and 2019. We employed a case-control study design. Individuals were considered cases if they were aged 15+ and had died from suicide between January 1st, 2002, and December 31st, 2019 (n = 18339). Controls were a random sample of 1% of the Quebec population aged 15+ of each year, who were alive on December 31st of each year, from 2002 to 2019 (n = 1,307,370). We included 103 features, including individual, programmatic, systemic, and community factors, measured up to five years prior to the suicide events. We trained and then validated the sex-specific predictive risk model using supervised ML algorithms, including Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and Multilayer perceptron (MLP). We computed operating characteristics, including sensitivity, specificity, and Positive Predictive Value (PPV). We then generated receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to predict suicides and calibration measures. For interpretability, Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) was used with the global explanation to determine how much the input features contribute to the models’ output and the largest absolute coefficients. The best sensitivity was 0.38 with logistic regression for males and 0.47 with MLP for females; the XGBoost Classifier with 0.25 for males and 0.19 for females had the best precision (PPV). This study demonstrated the useful potential of explainable AI models as tools for decision-making and population-level suicide prevention actions. The ML models included individual, programmatic, systemic, and community levels variables available routinely to decision makers and planners in a public managed care system. Caution shall be exercised in the interpretation of variables associated in a predictive model since they are not causal, and other designs are required to establish the value of individual treatments. The next steps are to produce an intuitive user interface for decision makers, planners and other stakeholders like clinicians or representatives of families and people with live experience of suicidal behaviors or death by suicide. For example, how variations in the quality of local area primary care programs for depression or substance use disorders or increased in regional mental health and addiction budgets would lower suicide rates. QUÉBEC
CANADA
INTELLIGENCE
DÉPISTAGE
POTENTIEL-SUICIDAIRE
PRÉDICTION
MODÈLE
SANTÉ-PUBLIQUE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Suicide is a complex, multidimensional event, and a significant challenge for prevention globally. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have emerged to harness large-scale datasets to enhance risk detection. In order to trust and act upon the predictions made with ML, more intuitive user interfaces must be validated. Thus, Interpretable AI is one of the crucial directions which could allow policy and decision makers to make reasonable and data-driven decisions that can ultimately lead to better mental health services planning and suicide prevention. This research aimed to develop sex-specific ML models for predicting the population risk of suicide and to interpret the models. Data were from the Quebec Integrated Chronic Disease Surveillance System (QICDSS), covering up to 98% of the population in the province of Quebec and containing data for over 20,000 suicides between 2002 and 2019. We employed a case-control study design. Individuals were considered cases if they were aged 15+ and had died from suicide between January 1st, 2002, and December 31st, 2019 (n = 18339). Controls were a random sample of 1% of the Quebec population aged 15+ of each year, who were alive on December 31st of each year, from 2002 to 2019 (n = 1,307,370). We included 103 features, including individual, programmatic, systemic, and community factors, measured up to five years prior to the suicide events. We trained and then validated the sex-specific predictive risk model using supervised ML algorithms, including Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and Multilayer perceptron (MLP). We computed operating characteristics, including sensitivity, specificity, and Positive Predictive Value (PPV). We then generated receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to predict suicides and calibration measures. For interpretability, Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) was used with the global explanation to determine how much the input features contribute to the models’ output and the largest absolute coefficients. The best sensitivity was 0.38 with logistic regression for males and 0.47 with MLP for females; the XGBoost Classifier with 0.25 for males and 0.19 for females had the best precision (PPV). This study demonstrated the useful potential of explainable AI models as tools for decision-making and population-level suicide prevention actions. The ML models included individual, programmatic, systemic, and community levels variables available routinely to decision makers and planners in a public managed care system. Caution shall be exercised in the interpretation of variables associated in a predictive model since they are not causal, and other designs are required to establish the value of individual treatments. The next steps are to produce an intuitive user interface for decision makers, planners and other stakeholders like clinicians or representatives of families and people with live experience of suicidal behaviors or death by suicide. For example, how variations in the quality of local area primary care programs for depression or substance use disorders or increased in regional mental health and addiction budgets would lower suicide rates. QUÉBEC
CANADA
INTELLIGENCE
DÉPISTAGE
POTENTIEL-SUICIDAIRE
PRÉDICTION
MODÈLE
SANTÉ-PUBLIQUE
CANADA
INTELLIGENCE
DÉPISTAGE
POTENTIEL-SUICIDAIRE
PRÉDICTION
MODÈLE
SANTÉ-PUBLIQUE
Côté, Louis-Philippe; Lane, Julie
Evaluation of the effectiveness of suicide.ca, Quebec’s digital suicide prevention strategy platform: Cross-sectional descriptive study Article de journal
Dans: vol. 8, p. e46195, 2024.
@article{cote_evaluation_2024,
title = {Evaluation of the effectiveness of suicide.ca, Quebec’s digital suicide prevention strategy platform: Cross-sectional descriptive study},
author = {Louis-Philippe Côté and Julie Lane},
doi = {10.2196/46195},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-03-06},
volume = {8},
pages = {e46195},
abstract = {textbfBackground: In 2017, the Quebec government assigned the Association québécoise de prévention du suicide (AQPS) to develop a digital suicide prevention strategy (DSPS). The AQPS responded by creating a centralized website that provides information on suicide and mental health, identifies at-risk individuals on the internet, and offers direct crisis intervention support via chat and text. textbfObjective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of suicide.ca, Quebec’s DSPS platform. textbfMethods: This study used a cross-sectional descriptive design. The study population comprised internet users from Quebec, Canada, who visited the suicide.ca platform between October 2020 and October 2021. Various data sources, such as Google Analytics, Firebase Console, and Customer Relation Management data, were analyzed to document the use of the platform. To understand the profile of suicide.ca users, frequency analyses were conducted using data from the self-assessment module questionnaires, the intervention service’s triage questionnaire, and the counselors’ intervention reports. The effectiveness of the platform’s promotional activities on social media was assessed by examining traffic peaks. Google Analytics was used to evaluate the effectiveness of AQPS’ strategy for identifying at-risk internet users. The impact of the intervention service was evaluated through an analysis of counselors’ intervention reports and postintervention survey results.textbf Results: The platform received traffic from a diverse range of sources, with promotional efforts on social media directly contributing to the increased traffic. The requirement of a user account posed a barrier to the use of the mobile app, and a triage question that involved personal information led to a substantial number of dropouts during the intervention service triage. AdWords campaigns and fact sheets addressing suicide risk factors played a crucial role in driving traffic to the platform. With regard to the profile of suicide.ca users, the findings revealed that the platform engaged individuals with diverse levels of suicidal risk. Notably, users of the chat service displayed a higher suicide risk than those who used the self-assessment module. Crisis chat counselors reported a positive impact on approximately half of the contacts, and overall, intervention service users expressed satisfaction with the support they received. textbfConclusions: A centralized digital platform can be used to implement a DSPS, effectively reaching the general population, individuals with risk factors for suicide, and those facing suicidal issues. QUÉBEC
CANADA
PRÉVENTION
STRATÉGIE-NATIONALE
SANTÉ-MENTALE
CENTRE-PRÉVENTION-SUICIDE
LIGNE-TÉLÉPHONIQUE
INTERNET
ÉVALUATION
EFFICACITÉ
INTERVENTION-CRISE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
textbfBackground: In 2017, the Quebec government assigned the Association québécoise de prévention du suicide (AQPS) to develop a digital suicide prevention strategy (DSPS). The AQPS responded by creating a centralized website that provides information on suicide and mental health, identifies at-risk individuals on the internet, and offers direct crisis intervention support via chat and text. textbfObjective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of suicide.ca, Quebec’s DSPS platform. textbfMethods: This study used a cross-sectional descriptive design. The study population comprised internet users from Quebec, Canada, who visited the suicide.ca platform between October 2020 and October 2021. Various data sources, such as Google Analytics, Firebase Console, and Customer Relation Management data, were analyzed to document the use of the platform. To understand the profile of suicide.ca users, frequency analyses were conducted using data from the self-assessment module questionnaires, the intervention service’s triage questionnaire, and the counselors’ intervention reports. The effectiveness of the platform’s promotional activities on social media was assessed by examining traffic peaks. Google Analytics was used to evaluate the effectiveness of AQPS’ strategy for identifying at-risk internet users. The impact of the intervention service was evaluated through an analysis of counselors’ intervention reports and postintervention survey results.textbf Results: The platform received traffic from a diverse range of sources, with promotional efforts on social media directly contributing to the increased traffic. The requirement of a user account posed a barrier to the use of the mobile app, and a triage question that involved personal information led to a substantial number of dropouts during the intervention service triage. AdWords campaigns and fact sheets addressing suicide risk factors played a crucial role in driving traffic to the platform. With regard to the profile of suicide.ca users, the findings revealed that the platform engaged individuals with diverse levels of suicidal risk. Notably, users of the chat service displayed a higher suicide risk than those who used the self-assessment module. Crisis chat counselors reported a positive impact on approximately half of the contacts, and overall, intervention service users expressed satisfaction with the support they received. textbfConclusions: A centralized digital platform can be used to implement a DSPS, effectively reaching the general population, individuals with risk factors for suicide, and those facing suicidal issues. QUÉBEC
CANADA
PRÉVENTION
STRATÉGIE-NATIONALE
SANTÉ-MENTALE
CENTRE-PRÉVENTION-SUICIDE
LIGNE-TÉLÉPHONIQUE
INTERNET
ÉVALUATION
EFFICACITÉ
INTERVENTION-CRISE
CANADA
PRÉVENTION
STRATÉGIE-NATIONALE
SANTÉ-MENTALE
CENTRE-PRÉVENTION-SUICIDE
LIGNE-TÉLÉPHONIQUE
INTERNET
ÉVALUATION
EFFICACITÉ
INTERVENTION-CRISE
Nfissi, Alaa; Bouachir, Wassim.; Bougila, N.; Mishara, Brian
Unlocking the emotional states of high-risk suicide callers through speech analysis Article d'actes
Dans: p. 33–40, 2024.
@inproceedings{nfissi_unlocking_2024,
title = {Unlocking the emotional states of high-risk suicide callers through speech analysis},
author = {Alaa Nfissi and Wassim. Bouachir and N. Bougila and Brian Mishara},
doi = {10.1109/ICSC59802.2024.00012},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-01},
urldate = {2024-01-01},
pages = {33–40},
abstract = {PRÉVENTION
ORDINATEUR
INTERVENTION-CRISE
VOIX
ÉMOTION
LIGNE-TÉLÉPHONIQUE
Suicide remains a major public health concern worldwide, and early detection of suicidal ideation is crucial for prevention. One promising approach for monitoring symptoms is through the prediction of suicidal speech, as speech can be passively collected and may provide insight into changes in risk. However, identifying suicidal speech is challenging due to the rapid variability in speech characteristics and the association of suicidal ideation with emotion dysregulation. In light of these challenges, we present a novel end-to-end (E2E) method for speech emotion recognition (SER) as a mean of detecting changes in emotional state, that may indicate a high risk of suicide. Our method incorporates the use of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Gated Recurrent Units (GRUs) to analyze raw waveform signals. Firstly, our model is designed to train the CNN component to identify higher-level speech representations directly from raw waveform data, rather than relying on manually crafted features or spectrograms. This enables the network to effectively capture specific emotion-related features within a narrow frequency range, while also handling speech of varying lengths without the need for segmentation. Secondly, the GRU component is capable of learning temporal patterns, enhancing the network’s ability to capture time-dependent features in signal. Furthermore, we validate our approach on the NSPLCRISE emotion dataset that we recently created. This dataset contains phone call recordings from lifeline frequent callers with psychological problems, and potentially with a history of suicidal ideation and previous attempts. Our experimental results show that our method outperforms other state-of-the-art techniques for SER. The source code of this paper is provided on the Git repository Unlocking the Emotional States of High-Risk Suicide Callers through Speech Analysis.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
PRÉVENTION
ORDINATEUR
INTERVENTION-CRISE
VOIX
ÉMOTION
LIGNE-TÉLÉPHONIQUE
Suicide remains a major public health concern worldwide, and early detection of suicidal ideation is crucial for prevention. One promising approach for monitoring symptoms is through the prediction of suicidal speech, as speech can be passively collected and may provide insight into changes in risk. However, identifying suicidal speech is challenging due to the rapid variability in speech characteristics and the association of suicidal ideation with emotion dysregulation. In light of these challenges, we present a novel end-to-end (E2E) method for speech emotion recognition (SER) as a mean of detecting changes in emotional state, that may indicate a high risk of suicide. Our method incorporates the use of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Gated Recurrent Units (GRUs) to analyze raw waveform signals. Firstly, our model is designed to train the CNN component to identify higher-level speech representations directly from raw waveform data, rather than relying on manually crafted features or spectrograms. This enables the network to effectively capture specific emotion-related features within a narrow frequency range, while also handling speech of varying lengths without the need for segmentation. Secondly, the GRU component is capable of learning temporal patterns, enhancing the network’s ability to capture time-dependent features in signal. Furthermore, we validate our approach on the NSPLCRISE emotion dataset that we recently created. This dataset contains phone call recordings from lifeline frequent callers with psychological problems, and potentially with a history of suicidal ideation and previous attempts. Our experimental results show that our method outperforms other state-of-the-art techniques for SER. The source code of this paper is provided on the Git repository Unlocking the Emotional States of High-Risk Suicide Callers through Speech Analysis.
ORDINATEUR
INTERVENTION-CRISE
VOIX
ÉMOTION
LIGNE-TÉLÉPHONIQUE
Suicide remains a major public health concern worldwide, and early detection of suicidal ideation is crucial for prevention. One promising approach for monitoring symptoms is through the prediction of suicidal speech, as speech can be passively collected and may provide insight into changes in risk. However, identifying suicidal speech is challenging due to the rapid variability in speech characteristics and the association of suicidal ideation with emotion dysregulation. In light of these challenges, we present a novel end-to-end (E2E) method for speech emotion recognition (SER) as a mean of detecting changes in emotional state, that may indicate a high risk of suicide. Our method incorporates the use of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Gated Recurrent Units (GRUs) to analyze raw waveform signals. Firstly, our model is designed to train the CNN component to identify higher-level speech representations directly from raw waveform data, rather than relying on manually crafted features or spectrograms. This enables the network to effectively capture specific emotion-related features within a narrow frequency range, while also handling speech of varying lengths without the need for segmentation. Secondly, the GRU component is capable of learning temporal patterns, enhancing the network’s ability to capture time-dependent features in signal. Furthermore, we validate our approach on the NSPLCRISE emotion dataset that we recently created. This dataset contains phone call recordings from lifeline frequent callers with psychological problems, and potentially with a history of suicidal ideation and previous attempts. Our experimental results show that our method outperforms other state-of-the-art techniques for SER. The source code of this paper is provided on the Git repository Unlocking the Emotional States of High-Risk Suicide Callers through Speech Analysis.
2023
Bardon, Cécile; Longtin, Véronique; Beaulieu-Bergeron, Rébecca
AUDIS : Mieux prévenir le suicide chez les personnes autistes ou présentant une déficience intellectuelle Article de journal
Dans: vol. La pratique en mouvement, no 25, p. 7–11, 2023.
@article{bardon_audis_2023,
title = {AUDIS : Mieux prévenir le suicide chez les personnes autistes ou présentant une déficience intellectuelle},
author = {Cécile Bardon and Véronique Longtin and Rébecca Beaulieu-Bergeron},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-03-01},
volume = {La pratique en mouvement},
number = {25},
pages = {7--11},
abstract = {[Sans résumé]
QUÉBEC
CANADA
IDÉATION
TENTATIVE
INTERVENTION
INTERVENTION-CRISE
TROUBLE-SPECTRE-AUTISME
DÉFICIENCE-INTELLECTUELLE
DÉPISTAGE
POTENTIEL-SUICIDAIRE
COMPORTEMENT-VIOLENT
CONCEPT-MORT
NEUROLOGIE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
[Sans résumé]
QUÉBEC
CANADA
IDÉATION
TENTATIVE
INTERVENTION
INTERVENTION-CRISE
TROUBLE-SPECTRE-AUTISME
DÉFICIENCE-INTELLECTUELLE
DÉPISTAGE
POTENTIEL-SUICIDAIRE
COMPORTEMENT-VIOLENT
CONCEPT-MORT
NEUROLOGIE
QUÉBEC
CANADA
IDÉATION
TENTATIVE
INTERVENTION
INTERVENTION-CRISE
TROUBLE-SPECTRE-AUTISME
DÉFICIENCE-INTELLECTUELLE
DÉPISTAGE
POTENTIEL-SUICIDAIRE
COMPORTEMENT-VIOLENT
CONCEPT-MORT
NEUROLOGIE
Levesque, Pascale; Perron, Paul-André
Les comportements suicidaires au Québec : portrait 2023 Rapport technique
Bureau d’information et d’études en santé des populations, Institut national de santé publique du Québec. Québec, 2023.
@techreport{levesque_les_2023,
title = {Les comportements suicidaires au Québec : portrait 2023},
author = {Pascale Levesque and Paul-André Perron},
url = {https://www.inspq.qc.ca/sites/default/files/publications/3294-comportements-suicidaires-quebec.pdf},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-02-06},
pages = {57 p.},
address = {Québec},
institution = {Bureau d’information et d’études en santé des populations, Institut national de santé publique du Québec.},
abstract = {Dans le cadre de la Politique gouvernementale de prévention en santé élaborée en 2016, le gouvernement du Québec vise le renforcement des mesures de prévention dans le système de santé et des services sociaux auprès des personnes vulnérables, notamment en matière de promotion de la santé mentale et de prévention du suicide. Afin de soutenir la prise de décision liée à la planification et à la réalisation des politiques en prévention du suicide, l’Institut national de santé publique du Québec (INSPQ) publie depuis 2004 un rapport présentant les données les plus récentes sur les comportements suicidaires au Québec.
QUÉBEC
CANADA
GENRE
HOMME
FEMME
ÂGE
ENFANT
ADOLESCENT
JEUNE-ADULTE
ADULTE
AÎNÉ
IDÉATION
TENTATIVE
SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
PRÉVALENCE
TENDANCE
MOYEN
HOSPITALISATION
ÉPIDÉMIOLOGIE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
Dans le cadre de la Politique gouvernementale de prévention en santé élaborée en 2016, le gouvernement du Québec vise le renforcement des mesures de prévention dans le système de santé et des services sociaux auprès des personnes vulnérables, notamment en matière de promotion de la santé mentale et de prévention du suicide. Afin de soutenir la prise de décision liée à la planification et à la réalisation des politiques en prévention du suicide, l’Institut national de santé publique du Québec (INSPQ) publie depuis 2004 un rapport présentant les données les plus récentes sur les comportements suicidaires au Québec.
QUÉBEC
CANADA
GENRE
HOMME
FEMME
ÂGE
ENFANT
ADOLESCENT
JEUNE-ADULTE
ADULTE
AÎNÉ
IDÉATION
TENTATIVE
SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
PRÉVALENCE
TENDANCE
MOYEN
HOSPITALISATION
ÉPIDÉMIOLOGIE
QUÉBEC
CANADA
GENRE
HOMME
FEMME
ÂGE
ENFANT
ADOLESCENT
JEUNE-ADULTE
ADULTE
AÎNÉ
IDÉATION
TENTATIVE
SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
PRÉVALENCE
TENDANCE
MOYEN
HOSPITALISATION
ÉPIDÉMIOLOGIE
2022
Genest, Christine; Bergeron, Nicolas; Provost-Tremblay, Émilie; Dufour, Marie-Michèle; Guay, Stéphane; Geoffrion, Steve
Suicidal ideation of healthcare workers during COVID-19: An ecological momentary assessment Article de journal
Dans: vol. 5, no 2, p. 89–100, 2022.
@article{genest_suicidal_2022,
title = {Suicidal ideation of healthcare workers during COVID-19: An ecological momentary assessment},
author = {Christine Genest and Nicolas Bergeron and Émilie Provost-Tremblay and Marie-Michèle Dufour and Stéphane Guay and Steve Geoffrion},
url = {https://sips-snahp.ojs.umontreal.ca/index.php/sips-snahp/article/view/76},
doi = {doi.org/10.7202/snahp},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-12-15},
urldate = {2022-12-15},
volume = {5},
number = {2},
pages = {89--100},
abstract = {textbfIntroduction: The COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on the psychological health of healthcare workers (HCWs). Cross-sectional studies report suicidal ideation in this population during this period, but no longitudinal study has examined the evolution of these ideas over time. Objectives: To assess the evolution of suicidal ideation of HCWs during the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic among Quebec (Canada) HCWs and to identify the risk factors involved. textbfMethods: A longitudinal study among Quebec (Canada) HCWs using ecological momentary assessment was conducted between May 8, 2020, and March 31, 2021 (corresponding to the second half of the first wave to the end of the second). Participants (n=865) answered weekly questions related to anxiety (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9), suicidal ideation (PHQ-9 Q.9), exposure to COVID-19, exposure to COVID-19-related deaths, their infection status and that of their co-workers and loved ones, as well as the amount of time they spent consuming news related to COVID-19. textbfResults: Proportion of suicidal ideation increased from May to June 2020 (second half of the first wave) peaking at 18% before declining up to March 2021. Anxiety and depression symptoms severity increased those ideations as well as having a colleague confirmed positive to COVID-19. Social support does not appear to be a protective factor for suicidal ideation. Suicidal thoughts are associated with media consumption and appear to be mediated by the presence of clinical distress expressed as depressive or anxiety states. textbfDiscussion and conclusion: Media consumption in a pandemic context is associated with anxiety and depression, the more severe states of which may express suicidal ideation. Without inferring causality relationship, it seems advisable for HCWs to limit their media exposure during a disaster such as a pandemic.
QUÉBEC
CANADA
IDÉATION
PERSONNEL-MÉDICAL
SANTÉ-MENTALE
ÉPIDÉMIE
SOUTIEN-SOCIAL
ANXIÉTÉ
DÉPRESSION
MÉDIA
ÉTUDE-LONGITUDINALE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
textbfIntroduction: The COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on the psychological health of healthcare workers (HCWs). Cross-sectional studies report suicidal ideation in this population during this period, but no longitudinal study has examined the evolution of these ideas over time. Objectives: To assess the evolution of suicidal ideation of HCWs during the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic among Quebec (Canada) HCWs and to identify the risk factors involved. textbfMethods: A longitudinal study among Quebec (Canada) HCWs using ecological momentary assessment was conducted between May 8, 2020, and March 31, 2021 (corresponding to the second half of the first wave to the end of the second). Participants (n=865) answered weekly questions related to anxiety (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9), suicidal ideation (PHQ-9 Q.9), exposure to COVID-19, exposure to COVID-19-related deaths, their infection status and that of their co-workers and loved ones, as well as the amount of time they spent consuming news related to COVID-19. textbfResults: Proportion of suicidal ideation increased from May to June 2020 (second half of the first wave) peaking at 18% before declining up to March 2021. Anxiety and depression symptoms severity increased those ideations as well as having a colleague confirmed positive to COVID-19. Social support does not appear to be a protective factor for suicidal ideation. Suicidal thoughts are associated with media consumption and appear to be mediated by the presence of clinical distress expressed as depressive or anxiety states. textbfDiscussion and conclusion: Media consumption in a pandemic context is associated with anxiety and depression, the more severe states of which may express suicidal ideation. Without inferring causality relationship, it seems advisable for HCWs to limit their media exposure during a disaster such as a pandemic.
QUÉBEC
CANADA
IDÉATION
PERSONNEL-MÉDICAL
SANTÉ-MENTALE
ÉPIDÉMIE
SOUTIEN-SOCIAL
ANXIÉTÉ
DÉPRESSION
MÉDIA
ÉTUDE-LONGITUDINALE
QUÉBEC
CANADA
IDÉATION
PERSONNEL-MÉDICAL
SANTÉ-MENTALE
ÉPIDÉMIE
SOUTIEN-SOCIAL
ANXIÉTÉ
DÉPRESSION
MÉDIA
ÉTUDE-LONGITUDINALE
Stijelja, Stefan; Mishara, Brian
Preventing suicidal and self-Injurious behavior in correctional facilities: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis Article de journal
Dans: vol. 51, p. 101560, 2022.
@article{stijelja_preventing_2022,
title = {Preventing suicidal and self-Injurious behavior in correctional facilities: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis},
author = {Stefan Stijelja and Brian Mishara},
doi = {10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101560},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-09-01},
volume = {51},
pages = {101560},
abstract = {Summary Background Rates of suicide and self-harm are elevated in carceral institutions. Inmates are a vulnerable group since they are exposed to multiple risk factors. This paper critically reviews empirical research on programs to prevent suicidal and self-harmful behaviors in correctional facilities and summarizes effect sizes across studies. Methods We searched PsychINFO, PubMed, IEEEXPLORE and the CRISE Documentation Centre Database to identify relevant articles published before June 2022. Inclusion criteria were: peer-reviewed and with outcome data on effectiveness of prevention activities. Two reviewers independently assessed 905 articles to determine inclusion eligibility. Quality was assessed by two independent reviewers using the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies. Meta-analyses using random-effect models were used to pool effect sizes for each outcome. This review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Findings Twenty-four of the 905 articles, published between 1980 and 2022, were included. Studies were frequently conducted in the United States (n=13; 54%) and used varying study designs; most frequently pre-post with no control group (n=9; 38%). Sample sizes and interventions varied considerably. Most were of moderate quality (n=21; 88%). On average, prevention programs in correctional facilities were effective in decreasing suicide deaths (pooled rate ratio of 0·35 [95% CI 0·23 to 0·55; ptextless0·001]; I2=68·01%), incidents of self-harm (pooled Hedges'g of -0·54 (95% CI: -1·03 to -0·05; p=0·031]; I2=81·34%), and suicidal ideation (pooled Hedges'g of -0·39 [95% CI: -0·65 to -0·14; p=0·003]; I2=47·09%). Interpretation Prevention activities are effective in reducing suicide death, self-harm and suicidal ideation in correctional settings. Multicomponent programs, which include several preventive activities, seem to be most effective in reducing suicide deaths. Future evaluation studies should control for confounding variables by including control groups, having larger samples and limiting attrition. Standards for suicide prevention in jails and prisons should be included in National suicide prevention strategies. Funding None. PRÉVENTIONMILIEU-CARCÉRALDÉTENUINTERVENTIONREVUE-LITTÉRATUREMÉTA-ANALYSE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Summary Background Rates of suicide and self-harm are elevated in carceral institutions. Inmates are a vulnerable group since they are exposed to multiple risk factors. This paper critically reviews empirical research on programs to prevent suicidal and self-harmful behaviors in correctional facilities and summarizes effect sizes across studies. Methods We searched PsychINFO, PubMed, IEEEXPLORE and the CRISE Documentation Centre Database to identify relevant articles published before June 2022. Inclusion criteria were: peer-reviewed and with outcome data on effectiveness of prevention activities. Two reviewers independently assessed 905 articles to determine inclusion eligibility. Quality was assessed by two independent reviewers using the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies. Meta-analyses using random-effect models were used to pool effect sizes for each outcome. This review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Findings Twenty-four of the 905 articles, published between 1980 and 2022, were included. Studies were frequently conducted in the United States (n=13; 54%) and used varying study designs; most frequently pre-post with no control group (n=9; 38%). Sample sizes and interventions varied considerably. Most were of moderate quality (n=21; 88%). On average, prevention programs in correctional facilities were effective in decreasing suicide deaths (pooled rate ratio of 0·35 [95% CI 0·23 to 0·55; ptextless0·001]; I2=68·01%), incidents of self-harm (pooled Hedges'g of -0·54 (95% CI: -1·03 to -0·05; p=0·031]; I2=81·34%), and suicidal ideation (pooled Hedges'g of -0·39 [95% CI: -0·65 to -0·14; p=0·003]; I2=47·09%). Interpretation Prevention activities are effective in reducing suicide death, self-harm and suicidal ideation in correctional settings. Multicomponent programs, which include several preventive activities, seem to be most effective in reducing suicide deaths. Future evaluation studies should control for confounding variables by including control groups, having larger samples and limiting attrition. Standards for suicide prevention in jails and prisons should be included in National suicide prevention strategies. Funding None. PRÉVENTIONMILIEU-CARCÉRALDÉTENUINTERVENTIONREVUE-LITTÉRATUREMÉTA-ANALYSE
Côté, Louis-Philippe; Mishara, Brian
Effect of helping suicidal people using text messaging: An evaluation of effects and best practices of the Canadian suicide prevention Service's text helpline Article de journal
Dans: vol. 52, no 6, p. 1140–1148, 2022.
@article{cote_effect_2022,
title = {Effect of helping suicidal people using text messaging: An evaluation of effects and best practices of the Canadian suicide prevention Service's text helpline},
author = {Louis-Philippe Côté and Brian Mishara},
doi = {10.1111/sltb.12908},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-08-10},
volume = {52},
number = {6},
pages = {1140--1148},
abstract = {textbfBackground: Empirical research on best practices in suicide prevention text intervention is scarce. We present analyses of exchanges concerning suicide on the Canadian Suicide Prevention Service (CSPS) text helpline. textbfObjective: To describe the users of the CSPS text service, explore the perceived impact of the service, and identify intervention characteristics associated with a greater likelihood of positive or negative effects of the exchanges. textbfMethods: We analyzed data from 112 transcripts using quantitative content analysis, counselor assessments of the calls, and responses by callers to pre-call questionnaires. textbfResults: Counselors infrequently conducted a complete suicide risk assessment, but almost always thoroughly explored resources and discussed possible solutions to callers' problems. An operational action plan was rarely developed. Only one technique, reinforcing a strength or a positive action of the caller, was a significant predictor of positive effects of the call. The number of words exchanged during the intervention was positively correlated with the completeness of explorations of resources and solutions and the development of an action plan. textbfConclusions: High-quality effective interventions can be delivered via text messages. Using reinforcement of strengths and encouraging longer calls is recommended. Intervention effects were comparable to those reported in studies of telephone and chat services. CANADA
CENTRE-PRÉVENTION-SUICIDE
INTERVENTION
INTERVENTION-CRISE
QUALITÉ-SOIN
COUNSELING
ÉVALUATION
INTERVENANT},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
textbfBackground: Empirical research on best practices in suicide prevention text intervention is scarce. We present analyses of exchanges concerning suicide on the Canadian Suicide Prevention Service (CSPS) text helpline. textbfObjective: To describe the users of the CSPS text service, explore the perceived impact of the service, and identify intervention characteristics associated with a greater likelihood of positive or negative effects of the exchanges. textbfMethods: We analyzed data from 112 transcripts using quantitative content analysis, counselor assessments of the calls, and responses by callers to pre-call questionnaires. textbfResults: Counselors infrequently conducted a complete suicide risk assessment, but almost always thoroughly explored resources and discussed possible solutions to callers' problems. An operational action plan was rarely developed. Only one technique, reinforcing a strength or a positive action of the caller, was a significant predictor of positive effects of the call. The number of words exchanged during the intervention was positively correlated with the completeness of explorations of resources and solutions and the development of an action plan. textbfConclusions: High-quality effective interventions can be delivered via text messages. Using reinforcement of strengths and encouraging longer calls is recommended. Intervention effects were comparable to those reported in studies of telephone and chat services. CANADA
CENTRE-PRÉVENTION-SUICIDE
INTERVENTION
INTERVENTION-CRISE
QUALITÉ-SOIN
COUNSELING
ÉVALUATION
INTERVENANT
CENTRE-PRÉVENTION-SUICIDE
INTERVENTION
INTERVENTION-CRISE
QUALITÉ-SOIN
COUNSELING
ÉVALUATION
INTERVENANT
Rassy, Jessica; Lesage, Alain; Larue, C.; Labelle, Réal; Consortium,
Protocole SécUrgence : Un protocole d’évaluation et d’accompagnement des personnes à risque de suicide dans les urgences du Québec Rapport technique
Québec, Canada, 2022.
@techreport{rassy_protocole_2022,
title = {Protocole SécUrgence : Un protocole d’évaluation et d’accompagnement des personnes à risque de suicide dans les urgences du Québec},
author = {Jessica Rassy and Alain Lesage and C. Larue and Réal Labelle and Consortium},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-07-25},
pages = {38 p.},
address = {Québec, Canada},
abstract = {Ce projet visait le développement d’un protocole d’évaluation et d’accompagnement des personnes à risque de suicide qui se présentent dans les urgences du Québec. Ce protocole, adressé aux infirmières, aux médecins et tout autre professionnel concerné des urgences, a été élaboré en étroite collaboration avec les acteurs clés du réseau de la santé et du réseau communautaire ainsi qu’avec les patients et leurs familles. QUÉBEC
CANADA
URGENCE
HÔPITAL
PATIENT
DÉPISTAGE
POTENTIEL-SUICIDAIRE
PERSONNEL-MÉDICAL
INFORMATION},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
Ce projet visait le développement d’un protocole d’évaluation et d’accompagnement des personnes à risque de suicide qui se présentent dans les urgences du Québec. Ce protocole, adressé aux infirmières, aux médecins et tout autre professionnel concerné des urgences, a été élaboré en étroite collaboration avec les acteurs clés du réseau de la santé et du réseau communautaire ainsi qu’avec les patients et leurs familles. QUÉBEC
CANADA
URGENCE
HÔPITAL
PATIENT
DÉPISTAGE
POTENTIEL-SUICIDAIRE
PERSONNEL-MÉDICAL
INFORMATION
CANADA
URGENCE
HÔPITAL
PATIENT
DÉPISTAGE
POTENTIEL-SUICIDAIRE
PERSONNEL-MÉDICAL
INFORMATION
Ummel, Deborah; Vachon, Mélanie
Perdre un être cher en contexte de COVID-19 : le deuil pandémique comme expérience de deuil désaffranchi ? Article de journal
Dans: vol. 33, no 1, p. [xx–xx], 2022.
@article{ummel_perdre_2022,
title = {Perdre un être cher en contexte de COVID-19 : le deuil pandémique comme expérience de deuil désaffranchi ?},
author = {Deborah Ummel and Mélanie Vachon},
doi = {10.7202/1089342ar},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-07-08},
volume = {33},
number = {1},
pages = {[xx--xx]},
abstract = {Les mesures de santé publique (confinement et distanciation physique) imposées pour freiner la propagation de la COVID-19 engendrent des effets collatéraux psychosociaux majeurs pour les proches aidants. La communauté virtuelle de soutien J’accompagne, sous forme de recherche-action participative, vise à mieux comprendre le deuil pandémique et à briser l’isolement des endeuillés. L’analyse phénoménologique interprétative des entretiens individuels réalisés auprès de 35 proches aidants nous permet de décrire le deuil pandémique par la trajectoire suivante : 1) parcours de proche aidance, 2) rétrécissement de la fenêtre temporelle du mourir, 3) décès souvent soudain et 4) deuil pandémique, partageant certaines similitudes avec le deuil désaffranchi. Des pistes d’intervention pour favoriser la représentation de la perte sont proposées, comme la mise en récit et l’échange d’expérience, dans un espace de soutien collectif. QUÉBEC
CANADA
DEUIL
ENDEUILLÉ
PERTE-PROCHE
MALADIE-PHYSIQUE
MALADIE-TERMINALE
AIDANT
ÉTUDE-QUALITATIVE
RITUEL-FUNÉRAIRE
ACCOMPAGNEMENT-MOURANT},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Les mesures de santé publique (confinement et distanciation physique) imposées pour freiner la propagation de la COVID-19 engendrent des effets collatéraux psychosociaux majeurs pour les proches aidants. La communauté virtuelle de soutien J’accompagne, sous forme de recherche-action participative, vise à mieux comprendre le deuil pandémique et à briser l’isolement des endeuillés. L’analyse phénoménologique interprétative des entretiens individuels réalisés auprès de 35 proches aidants nous permet de décrire le deuil pandémique par la trajectoire suivante : 1) parcours de proche aidance, 2) rétrécissement de la fenêtre temporelle du mourir, 3) décès souvent soudain et 4) deuil pandémique, partageant certaines similitudes avec le deuil désaffranchi. Des pistes d’intervention pour favoriser la représentation de la perte sont proposées, comme la mise en récit et l’échange d’expérience, dans un espace de soutien collectif. QUÉBEC
CANADA
DEUIL
ENDEUILLÉ
PERTE-PROCHE
MALADIE-PHYSIQUE
MALADIE-TERMINALE
AIDANT
ÉTUDE-QUALITATIVE
RITUEL-FUNÉRAIRE
ACCOMPAGNEMENT-MOURANT
CANADA
DEUIL
ENDEUILLÉ
PERTE-PROCHE
MALADIE-PHYSIQUE
MALADIE-TERMINALE
AIDANT
ÉTUDE-QUALITATIVE
RITUEL-FUNÉRAIRE
ACCOMPAGNEMENT-MOURANT
Sueki, Hajime
Characteristics of train stations where railway suicides have occurred and locations within the stations Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 43, no 1, p. 53–58, 2022.
@article{sueki_characteristics_2022,
title = {Characteristics of train stations where railway suicides have occurred and locations within the stations},
author = {Hajime Sueki},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000761},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {43},
number = {1},
pages = {53–58},
abstract = {Background: To devise effective railway suicide countermeasures, it is necessary to identify stations where suicide is likely to occur. Aim: We explored the characteristics of stations where railway suicides have occurred and locations within the stations. Method: (Study 1) Using suicide data from between April 2014 and September 2019 provided by a major railway company in Japan, station-specific suicide was modeled as an outcome variable in a multivariate Poisson regression model. (Study 2) With railway company staff, we visited stations where suicide frequently occurs and conducted fieldwork. Results: (Study 1) Our estimation using a Poisson regression model revealed that railway suicides were more frequent when stations were serviced by passing trains, had a large number of passengers, and were located near psychiatric hospitals. (Study 2) Of 50 suicides, 48.0% occurred in front of benches or waiting rooms, 26.0% occurred at the front end of the platform, 24.0% occurred at the entrance to the platform, and 22.0% occurred at a blind spot for the train driver. Limitations: All data were provided by one railway company in Japan, limiting the generalizability of the results. Conclusion: Stations where suicide occurs frequently have distinct characteristics. Focusing on suicide hotspots may aid suicide prevention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) JAPON
ASIE
TRAIN
PRÉVENTION},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: To devise effective railway suicide countermeasures, it is necessary to identify stations where suicide is likely to occur. Aim: We explored the characteristics of stations where railway suicides have occurred and locations within the stations. Method: (Study 1) Using suicide data from between April 2014 and September 2019 provided by a major railway company in Japan, station-specific suicide was modeled as an outcome variable in a multivariate Poisson regression model. (Study 2) With railway company staff, we visited stations where suicide frequently occurs and conducted fieldwork. Results: (Study 1) Our estimation using a Poisson regression model revealed that railway suicides were more frequent when stations were serviced by passing trains, had a large number of passengers, and were located near psychiatric hospitals. (Study 2) Of 50 suicides, 48.0% occurred in front of benches or waiting rooms, 26.0% occurred at the front end of the platform, 24.0% occurred at the entrance to the platform, and 22.0% occurred at a blind spot for the train driver. Limitations: All data were provided by one railway company in Japan, limiting the generalizability of the results. Conclusion: Stations where suicide occurs frequently have distinct characteristics. Focusing on suicide hotspots may aid suicide prevention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) JAPON
ASIE
TRAIN
PRÉVENTION
ASIE
TRAIN
PRÉVENTION
Shand, Fiona; Duffy, Luke; Torok, Michelle
Can government responses to unemployment reduce the impact of unemployment on suicide? A systematic review Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 43, no 1, p. 59–66, 2022.
@article{shand_can_2022,
title = {Can government responses to unemployment reduce the impact of unemployment on suicide? A systematic review},
author = {Fiona Shand and Luke Duffy and Michelle Torok},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000750},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {43},
number = {1},
pages = {59–66},
abstract = {Background: Unemployment is a well-documented risk factor for suicide. Findings from a number of studies suggest that government policy plays a crucial role in mediating the unemployment–suicide relationship. Aims: Our review was designed to assess whether government policies aimed at managing unemployment can moderate the impact of unemployment on suicide and self-harm. Method: A systematic search of the Medline, ProQuest, Scopus, and Web of Science databases was conducted. All original, English-language, peer-reviewed studies examining the impact of unemployment policy on rates of suicide or self-harm were eligible for inclusion. Results: Six unique studies were identified, each using an ecological design and suicide deaths as the outcome. Three of five studies looking at unemployment benefits found a negative association with suicide rates. Studies examining the impact of active unemployment policy and employment protection legislation found evidence of beneficial effects. The effects of the policies were small and had particular benefit in reducing suicide rates among men. Limitations: The ecological designs used may limit conclusions around causality. It is unclear whether the findings generalize to those in lower- and middle-income countries. Conclusion: The findings suggest that unemployment policies can mitigate the relationship between unemployment and suicide, particularly among men. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
CHÔMAGE
FACTEUR-RISQUE
APPROCHE-ÉCOLOGIQUE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: Unemployment is a well-documented risk factor for suicide. Findings from a number of studies suggest that government policy plays a crucial role in mediating the unemployment–suicide relationship. Aims: Our review was designed to assess whether government policies aimed at managing unemployment can moderate the impact of unemployment on suicide and self-harm. Method: A systematic search of the Medline, ProQuest, Scopus, and Web of Science databases was conducted. All original, English-language, peer-reviewed studies examining the impact of unemployment policy on rates of suicide or self-harm were eligible for inclusion. Results: Six unique studies were identified, each using an ecological design and suicide deaths as the outcome. Three of five studies looking at unemployment benefits found a negative association with suicide rates. Studies examining the impact of active unemployment policy and employment protection legislation found evidence of beneficial effects. The effects of the policies were small and had particular benefit in reducing suicide rates among men. Limitations: The ecological designs used may limit conclusions around causality. It is unclear whether the findings generalize to those in lower- and middle-income countries. Conclusion: The findings suggest that unemployment policies can mitigate the relationship between unemployment and suicide, particularly among men. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
CHÔMAGE
FACTEUR-RISQUE
APPROCHE-ÉCOLOGIQUE
CHÔMAGE
FACTEUR-RISQUE
APPROCHE-ÉCOLOGIQUE
Saini, Pooja; Clements, Caroline; Gardner, Kathryn Jane; Chopra, Jennifer; Latham, Cameron; Kumar, Rohit; Taylor, Peter
Identifying suicide and self-harm research priorities in north west England: A Delphi study Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 43, no 1, p. 35–45, 2022.
@article{saini_identifying_2022,
title = {Identifying suicide and self-harm research priorities in north west England: A Delphi study},
author = {Pooja Saini and Caroline Clements and Kathryn Jane Gardner and Jennifer Chopra and Cameron Latham and Rohit Kumar and Peter Taylor},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000757},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {43},
number = {1},
pages = {35–45},
abstract = {Background: Understanding and effectively managing self-harm and suicide require collaborative research between stakeholders focused on shared priorities. Aims: We aimed to develop a consensus about suicide and self-harm research priorities in the North West of England using the Delphi method. Method: Items for the Delphi survey were generated through group discussions at a workshop with 88 stakeholders and subsequent thematic analysis of key themes. A total of 44 participants who were experts-by-experience, researchers, and clinicians based within health services including third-sector organizations completed the Delphi survey. Results: A three-round survey reached consensus on 55 research priority items identifying key priorities in each of the following groups: offenders, children and young people, self-harm in community settings, and crisis care in the community. Limitations: The pool of delegates at the workshop and subsequent self-selection into the Delphi may have introduced bias into the study. Conclusion: The current paper highlights specific actionable priorities were identified in four areas that can be used to inform research efforts and future policy and practice, based on shared areas of perceived importance and concern. Future work is needed to confirm the significance of these priority areas, including the use of evidence synthesis approaches to ascertain the extent to which these priorities have already been investigated and where gaps in understanding remain. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) PRÉVENTION
RECHERCHE
SUICIDOLOGIE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: Understanding and effectively managing self-harm and suicide require collaborative research between stakeholders focused on shared priorities. Aims: We aimed to develop a consensus about suicide and self-harm research priorities in the North West of England using the Delphi method. Method: Items for the Delphi survey were generated through group discussions at a workshop with 88 stakeholders and subsequent thematic analysis of key themes. A total of 44 participants who were experts-by-experience, researchers, and clinicians based within health services including third-sector organizations completed the Delphi survey. Results: A three-round survey reached consensus on 55 research priority items identifying key priorities in each of the following groups: offenders, children and young people, self-harm in community settings, and crisis care in the community. Limitations: The pool of delegates at the workshop and subsequent self-selection into the Delphi may have introduced bias into the study. Conclusion: The current paper highlights specific actionable priorities were identified in four areas that can be used to inform research efforts and future policy and practice, based on shared areas of perceived importance and concern. Future work is needed to confirm the significance of these priority areas, including the use of evidence synthesis approaches to ascertain the extent to which these priorities have already been investigated and where gaps in understanding remain. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) PRÉVENTION
RECHERCHE
SUICIDOLOGIE
RECHERCHE
SUICIDOLOGIE
Reifels, Lennart; Krishnamoorthy, Sadhvi; Kõlves, Kairi; Francis, Jillian
Implementation science in suicide prevention Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 43, no 1, p. 1–7, 2022.
@article{reifels_implementation_2022,
title = {Implementation science in suicide prevention},
author = {Lennart Reifels and Sadhvi Krishnamoorthy and Kairi Kõlves and Jillian Francis},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000846},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {43},
number = {1},
pages = {1–7},
abstract = {The aims of this editorial are threefold. The authors seek to (1) highlight the merit of implementation science for suicide prevention research and practice; (2) outline key implementation science concepts and approaches to foster future research and establish the evidence base for effective implementation in suicide prevention; and (3) illustrate applications and key considerations for implementation science approaches in diverse contexts (using examples of multilevel interventions). (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) PRÉVENTION
PROGRAMME
IMPLANTATION},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The aims of this editorial are threefold. The authors seek to (1) highlight the merit of implementation science for suicide prevention research and practice; (2) outline key implementation science concepts and approaches to foster future research and establish the evidence base for effective implementation in suicide prevention; and (3) illustrate applications and key considerations for implementation science approaches in diverse contexts (using examples of multilevel interventions). (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) PRÉVENTION
PROGRAMME
IMPLANTATION
PROGRAMME
IMPLANTATION
Quarshie, Emmanuel Nii-Boye; Andoh-Arthur, Johnny
Suicide attempts among 1,437 adolescents aged 12–17 years attending junior high schools in Ghana Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 43, no 1, p. 8–17, 2022.
@article{nii-boye_quarshie_suicide_2022,
title = {Suicide attempts among 1,437 adolescents aged 12–17 years attending junior high schools in Ghana},
author = {Emmanuel Nii-Boye Quarshie and Johnny Andoh-Arthur},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000746},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {43},
number = {1},
pages = {8–17},
abstract = {Background: Emerging research on suicidal behaviors among adolescents in Ghana has been conducted mainly among senior high school students. Aims: We aimed to estimate the 12-month prevalence of suicide attempts and describe some of the general and gender-specific associated factors among adolescents attending junior high schools (JHSs) in Ghana. Method: We analyzed data from the 2012 Ghana Global School-Based Student Health Survey. The sample consisted of 1,437 adolescents aged 12–17 years. We performed bivariate and multivariable analyses to assess the associations between 12-month suicide attempts and some psychosocial factors. Results: The overall 12-month prevalence estimate of suicide attempts was 27.6%, with comparable estimates between males (26.4%) and females (28.8%). In the final adjusted multivariable models, bullying victimization (AOR = 2.57; 95% CI = 1.53, 4.31), alcohol use (AOR = 1.94; 95% CI = 1.10, 3.41), and having no close friends (AOR = 0.36; 95% CI = 0.17, 0.75) were associated with increased odds of suicide attempts among males, whereas anxiety (AOR = 2.57; 95% CI = 1.54, 4.29) and being sexually active (AOR = 2.42; 95% CI = 1.25, 4.68) were associated with increased odds of suicide attempts in females. Limitations: The correlational nature of this study did not allow for causal inferences. Conclusion: The study underscores adolescent suicide attempts as a public health concern in Ghana. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) GHANA
AFRIQUE
GENRE
HOMME
FEMME
ADOLESCENT
TENTATIVE
FACTEUR-RISQUE
BULLYING
ALCOOL
SOLITUDE
ANXIÉTÉ},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: Emerging research on suicidal behaviors among adolescents in Ghana has been conducted mainly among senior high school students. Aims: We aimed to estimate the 12-month prevalence of suicide attempts and describe some of the general and gender-specific associated factors among adolescents attending junior high schools (JHSs) in Ghana. Method: We analyzed data from the 2012 Ghana Global School-Based Student Health Survey. The sample consisted of 1,437 adolescents aged 12–17 years. We performed bivariate and multivariable analyses to assess the associations between 12-month suicide attempts and some psychosocial factors. Results: The overall 12-month prevalence estimate of suicide attempts was 27.6%, with comparable estimates between males (26.4%) and females (28.8%). In the final adjusted multivariable models, bullying victimization (AOR = 2.57; 95% CI = 1.53, 4.31), alcohol use (AOR = 1.94; 95% CI = 1.10, 3.41), and having no close friends (AOR = 0.36; 95% CI = 0.17, 0.75) were associated with increased odds of suicide attempts among males, whereas anxiety (AOR = 2.57; 95% CI = 1.54, 4.29) and being sexually active (AOR = 2.42; 95% CI = 1.25, 4.68) were associated with increased odds of suicide attempts in females. Limitations: The correlational nature of this study did not allow for causal inferences. Conclusion: The study underscores adolescent suicide attempts as a public health concern in Ghana. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) GHANA
AFRIQUE
GENRE
HOMME
FEMME
ADOLESCENT
TENTATIVE
FACTEUR-RISQUE
BULLYING
ALCOOL
SOLITUDE
ANXIÉTÉ
AFRIQUE
GENRE
HOMME
FEMME
ADOLESCENT
TENTATIVE
FACTEUR-RISQUE
BULLYING
ALCOOL
SOLITUDE
ANXIÉTÉ
Malakouti, Seyed Kazem; Nojomi, Marzieh; Ghanbari, Behrooz; Rasouli, Nafee; Khaleghparast, Shiva; Farahani, Ida Ghaemmagham
Aftercare and suicide reattempt prevention in Tehran, Iran: Outcome of 12-month randomized controlled study Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 43, no 1, p. 18–27, 2022.
@article{malakouti_aftercare_2022,
title = {Aftercare and suicide reattempt prevention in Tehran, Iran: Outcome of 12-month randomized controlled study},
author = {Seyed Kazem Malakouti and Marzieh Nojomi and Behrooz Ghanbari and Nafee Rasouli and Shiva Khaleghparast and Ida Ghaemmagham Farahani},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000754},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {43},
number = {1},
pages = {18–27},
abstract = {Background: A previous suicide attempt is one of the strongest risk factors for subsequent suicide. Effective care following a suicide attempt may reduce the risk of suicide reattempts. Aims: We aimed to investigate the effect of a brief educational intervention and contact program on suicide reattempts. Method: This study was performed as a randomized clinical trial (RCT) recruiting 305 individuals who had attempted suicide (brief intervention and contact = 153 individuals, BIC; treatment as usual = 152 individuals, TAU) who were referred to Baharlu Hospital in Tehran. The SUPRE-MISS questionnaire and a discharge follow-up questionnaire were used for data collection. Cox proportional hazard models and log-rank tests were used to assess the association of the variable with the event (reattempt). Kaplan–Meier curves were used to depict the time to the event of reattempt. Results: In the BIC group, 11% of the individuals had attempted suicide once, and 25% of the TAU group had attempted suicide once (12.4%), twice (9.3%), and three times (3.8%), respectively. The results of Kaplan–Meier analysis indicated the mean time of reattempt in the BIC (0.76) and TAU groups (0.25) as the fourth and second months of follow-up, respectively (log rank, χ² = 12.48, p < .001). The hazard ratio for the TAU group was 2.57 (95% CI [1.4, 5.9]). Limitations: Loss to follow-up due to stigma is one of the serious problems of follow-up services. Conclusion: Implementing a brief educational intervention and contact program on suicide reattempts is feasible and effective in reducing the rate of reattempt; however, it should be accommodated within the mental health services of the county. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) IRAN
MOYEN-ORIENT
TENTATIVE
RÉCIDIVE
SUICIDAIRE-CHRONIQUE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: A previous suicide attempt is one of the strongest risk factors for subsequent suicide. Effective care following a suicide attempt may reduce the risk of suicide reattempts. Aims: We aimed to investigate the effect of a brief educational intervention and contact program on suicide reattempts. Method: This study was performed as a randomized clinical trial (RCT) recruiting 305 individuals who had attempted suicide (brief intervention and contact = 153 individuals, BIC; treatment as usual = 152 individuals, TAU) who were referred to Baharlu Hospital in Tehran. The SUPRE-MISS questionnaire and a discharge follow-up questionnaire were used for data collection. Cox proportional hazard models and log-rank tests were used to assess the association of the variable with the event (reattempt). Kaplan–Meier curves were used to depict the time to the event of reattempt. Results: In the BIC group, 11% of the individuals had attempted suicide once, and 25% of the TAU group had attempted suicide once (12.4%), twice (9.3%), and three times (3.8%), respectively. The results of Kaplan–Meier analysis indicated the mean time of reattempt in the BIC (0.76) and TAU groups (0.25) as the fourth and second months of follow-up, respectively (log rank, χ² = 12.48, p < .001). The hazard ratio for the TAU group was 2.57 (95% CI [1.4, 5.9]). Limitations: Loss to follow-up due to stigma is one of the serious problems of follow-up services. Conclusion: Implementing a brief educational intervention and contact program on suicide reattempts is feasible and effective in reducing the rate of reattempt; however, it should be accommodated within the mental health services of the county. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) IRAN
MOYEN-ORIENT
TENTATIVE
RÉCIDIVE
SUICIDAIRE-CHRONIQUE
MOYEN-ORIENT
TENTATIVE
RÉCIDIVE
SUICIDAIRE-CHRONIQUE
King, Kylie; Schlichthorst, Marisa; Millar, Ciara; Sutherland, Georgina; Too, Lay San
Understanding the context of suicides by older men compared with younger old men and women: An exploration of coronial data in Victoria, Australia Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 43, no 1, p. 67–71, 2022.
@article{king_understanding_2022,
title = {Understanding the context of suicides by older men compared with younger old men and women: An exploration of coronial data in Victoria, Australia},
author = {Kylie King and Marisa Schlichthorst and Ciara Millar and Georgina Sutherland and Lay San Too},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000747},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {43},
number = {1},
pages = {67–71},
abstract = {Background: The rate of suicide among men aged 85 years or older is the highest of any age or gender group in many countries, but little is known about their pathways to suicide. Aims: This study aimed to determine the context of suicide by men aged 85 years or older. Method: Data were extracted from the Victorian Suicide Register regarding suicide deaths between 2009 and 2015. Chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test was used to compare old men (65–84 years old) and older men (85 years or more), and old women and old men (both 65 years or more). Results: The context of suicide by older men differed significantly from that of old men, as did that of old men compared with old women, on variables related to suicidal behavior and intention, mental illness, mental health treatment, and life stressors. Limitations: The study is limited by the small numbers of deaths by suicide in this age group in Victoria. Conclusion: The context of suicide by older and old men is different from that of old men and old women, respectively. More research is needed to understand the pathways to suicide by older men. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) AUSTRALIE
OCÉANIE
GENRE
HOMME
FEMME
ÂGE
AÎNÉ
ADULTE
SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: The rate of suicide among men aged 85 years or older is the highest of any age or gender group in many countries, but little is known about their pathways to suicide. Aims: This study aimed to determine the context of suicide by men aged 85 years or older. Method: Data were extracted from the Victorian Suicide Register regarding suicide deaths between 2009 and 2015. Chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test was used to compare old men (65–84 years old) and older men (85 years or more), and old women and old men (both 65 years or more). Results: The context of suicide by older men differed significantly from that of old men, as did that of old men compared with old women, on variables related to suicidal behavior and intention, mental illness, mental health treatment, and life stressors. Limitations: The study is limited by the small numbers of deaths by suicide in this age group in Victoria. Conclusion: The context of suicide by older and old men is different from that of old men and old women, respectively. More research is needed to understand the pathways to suicide by older men. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) AUSTRALIE
OCÉANIE
GENRE
HOMME
FEMME
ÂGE
AÎNÉ
ADULTE
SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
OCÉANIE
GENRE
HOMME
FEMME
ÂGE
AÎNÉ
ADULTE
SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
Karras, Elizabeth; Levandowski, Brooke A.; McCarten, Janet M.
An exploration of barriers to suicide prevention messaging with US veterans Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 43, no 1, p. 28–34, 2022.
@article{karras_exploration_2022,
title = {An exploration of barriers to suicide prevention messaging with US veterans},
author = {Elizabeth Karras and Brooke A. Levandowski and Janet M. McCarten},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000756},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {43},
number = {1},
pages = {28–34},
abstract = {Background: Communication campaigns offer a portable intervention to effectively reach and engage target populations at risk for suicide including US veterans. Few studies have evaluated such efforts, and still fewer have examined factors that contribute to failed suicide prevention messaging. Aims: We aimed to examine characteristics of suicide prevention messages and persuasive processes that may underlie failed communicative intervention with US veterans. Method: Telephone interviews were completed with veterans (N = 33) from June to September 2016 using a semi-structured interview guide. Interview transcripts were coded by the authors with NVivo using a constant comparison analytic strategy. Results: Several reasons emerged for why suicide prevention messaging may fail to produce intended responses among veterans. Participants identified message features (e.g., language, images, messenger) and communication strategies that may diminish campaign effects. Limitations: Findings are not generalizable, are limited to participants who used VA healthcare and were not suicidal, and are subject to several biases. Conclusion: This work provides initial insights into barriers to effective message use with veterans. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) ÉTATS-UNIS
PRÉVENTION
MILITAIRE
RETRAITE
CAMPAGNE-SENSIBILISATION},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: Communication campaigns offer a portable intervention to effectively reach and engage target populations at risk for suicide including US veterans. Few studies have evaluated such efforts, and still fewer have examined factors that contribute to failed suicide prevention messaging. Aims: We aimed to examine characteristics of suicide prevention messages and persuasive processes that may underlie failed communicative intervention with US veterans. Method: Telephone interviews were completed with veterans (N = 33) from June to September 2016 using a semi-structured interview guide. Interview transcripts were coded by the authors with NVivo using a constant comparison analytic strategy. Results: Several reasons emerged for why suicide prevention messaging may fail to produce intended responses among veterans. Participants identified message features (e.g., language, images, messenger) and communication strategies that may diminish campaign effects. Limitations: Findings are not generalizable, are limited to participants who used VA healthcare and were not suicidal, and are subject to several biases. Conclusion: This work provides initial insights into barriers to effective message use with veterans. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) ÉTATS-UNIS
PRÉVENTION
MILITAIRE
RETRAITE
CAMPAGNE-SENSIBILISATION
PRÉVENTION
MILITAIRE
RETRAITE
CAMPAGNE-SENSIBILISATION
Fildes, Dave; Williams, Kathryn; Bradford, Sally; Grootemaat, Pam; Kobel, Conrad; Gordon, Rob
Implementation of a pilot SMS-based crisis support service in Australia: Staff experiences of supporting help-seekers via text Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 43, no 1, p. 46–52, 2022.
@article{fildes_implementation_2022,
title = {Implementation of a pilot SMS-based crisis support service in Australia: Staff experiences of supporting help-seekers via text},
author = {Dave Fildes and Kathryn Williams and Sally Bradford and Pam Grootemaat and Conrad Kobel and Rob Gordon},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000758},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {43},
number = {1},
pages = {46–52},
abstract = {Background: Australia's first short message service (SMS) crisis support service was launched by Lifeline Australia in July 2018. The pilot program was independently evaluated over a 240-day period. Aims: We aimed to examine the experiences of key staff employed in the Lifeline Text pilot and identify the skills and types of support required to deliver a high-quality SMS-based crisis support service. Method: In total, 22 interviews were conducted with 14 Lifeline Text crisis supporters and in-shift supervisors (supervisors) at two time points in September 2018 and March 2019. A modified framework approach was adopted to undertake qualitative data analyses. Results: Delivering crisis support via text was initially challenging as a result of the need to translate skills from telephone crisis support to the SMS platform. This was compounded by the high degree of suicidality of help-seekers and volatility in demand for the service. Limitations: The independent evaluators were not involved in the design of the pilot. Conclusion: Lifeline text is providing an important and necessary service, using a novel mode of delivery in Australia. Maintaining service quality at peak demand, with many distressed and suicidal help-seekers, requires specialized training, experience, and exceptional skills. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) AUSTRALIE
OCÉANIE
INTERVENTION-CRISE
LIGNE-TÉLÉPHONIQUE
CENTRE-PRÉVENTION-SUICIDE
RECHERCHE-AIDE
DÉTRESSE-PSYCHOLOGIQUE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: Australia's first short message service (SMS) crisis support service was launched by Lifeline Australia in July 2018. The pilot program was independently evaluated over a 240-day period. Aims: We aimed to examine the experiences of key staff employed in the Lifeline Text pilot and identify the skills and types of support required to deliver a high-quality SMS-based crisis support service. Method: In total, 22 interviews were conducted with 14 Lifeline Text crisis supporters and in-shift supervisors (supervisors) at two time points in September 2018 and March 2019. A modified framework approach was adopted to undertake qualitative data analyses. Results: Delivering crisis support via text was initially challenging as a result of the need to translate skills from telephone crisis support to the SMS platform. This was compounded by the high degree of suicidality of help-seekers and volatility in demand for the service. Limitations: The independent evaluators were not involved in the design of the pilot. Conclusion: Lifeline text is providing an important and necessary service, using a novel mode of delivery in Australia. Maintaining service quality at peak demand, with many distressed and suicidal help-seekers, requires specialized training, experience, and exceptional skills. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) AUSTRALIE
OCÉANIE
INTERVENTION-CRISE
LIGNE-TÉLÉPHONIQUE
CENTRE-PRÉVENTION-SUICIDE
RECHERCHE-AIDE
DÉTRESSE-PSYCHOLOGIQUE
OCÉANIE
INTERVENTION-CRISE
LIGNE-TÉLÉPHONIQUE
CENTRE-PRÉVENTION-SUICIDE
RECHERCHE-AIDE
DÉTRESSE-PSYCHOLOGIQUE
Plaisance, A.; Mishara, Brian; Masella, J.; Bravo, G.; Couture, V.; Tapp, D.
Dans: Ethics, Medicine and Public Health, vol. 21, p. 100759, 2022.
@article{plaisance_quebec_2022,
title = {Quebec population highly supportive of extending Medical Aid in Dying to incapacitated persons and people suffering only from a mental illness: Content analysis of attitudes and representations},
author = {A. Plaisance and Brian Mishara and J. Masella and G. Bravo and V. Couture and D. Tapp},
doi = {10.1016/j.jemep.2022.100759},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
urldate = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Ethics, Medicine and Public Health},
volume = {21},
pages = {100759},
abstract = {textbfBackground: In 2015, the province of Quebec in Canada became one of the few jurisdictions to legalize medically assisted dying. Thereafter, a public commission was mandated to study the extension of Medical Aid in Dying (MAiD) to incapacitated persons and people suffering from only a mental illness. To better understand debates concerning different forms of assisted dying and their eligibility conditions, we assessed the attitudes of the Quebec general population toward extending Medical Aid in Dying to incapacitated persons and those suffering only from a mental illness and their representations of those practices. textbfMethodology: We conducted an interpretative content analysis of 31 semi-structured interviews conducted as part of a large-scale study aimed at documenting Knowledge, Attitudes, and Representations of Quebecers regarding MAiD, continuous palliative sedation, and palliative care (KAR Study). Our analysis was complexified since participants often mixed responses regarding different current and proposed end-of-life practices, and they frequently declared a lack of knowledge of practices. To illustrate this emerging aspect of our results, we quantitated the content of the interview transcripts to create a structured qualitative dataset. textbfResults: Of the 31 participants, 29 were in favour of MAiD. All those in favour considered that the practice should be accessible to incapacitated persons and 27 of them believed that access should be granted to those who suffer only from a mental illness. However, 20 of the 31 participants (64.5%) confused the term Medical Aid in Dying with other legal forms of end-of-life practices such as palliative care, withdrawing, and withholding of life-sustaining treatments, and advance directives about treatment. Sixteen (51.6%) said they lacked knowledge about one or several of the end-of-life practices discussed in the interview. textbfConclusion: Although the participants were very favorable toward MAiD, there was widespread confusion in participants’ understanding of what constitutes MAiD, thinking it includes other currently legal end-of-life practices. It is not possible to determine whether our participants were in favour of the extension of MAiD to incapacitated persons and people suffering from mental illnesses, or if they were in favour of various currently legal end-of-life interventions for those populations. QUÉBEC
CANADA
SUICIDE-ASSISTÉ
EUTHANASIE
ATTITUDE
SOIN-PALLIATIF
FIN-DE-VIE
JURIDIQUE
SANTÉ-MENTALE
ARRÊT-TRAITEMENT},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
textbfBackground: In 2015, the province of Quebec in Canada became one of the few jurisdictions to legalize medically assisted dying. Thereafter, a public commission was mandated to study the extension of Medical Aid in Dying (MAiD) to incapacitated persons and people suffering from only a mental illness. To better understand debates concerning different forms of assisted dying and their eligibility conditions, we assessed the attitudes of the Quebec general population toward extending Medical Aid in Dying to incapacitated persons and those suffering only from a mental illness and their representations of those practices. textbfMethodology: We conducted an interpretative content analysis of 31 semi-structured interviews conducted as part of a large-scale study aimed at documenting Knowledge, Attitudes, and Representations of Quebecers regarding MAiD, continuous palliative sedation, and palliative care (KAR Study). Our analysis was complexified since participants often mixed responses regarding different current and proposed end-of-life practices, and they frequently declared a lack of knowledge of practices. To illustrate this emerging aspect of our results, we quantitated the content of the interview transcripts to create a structured qualitative dataset. textbfResults: Of the 31 participants, 29 were in favour of MAiD. All those in favour considered that the practice should be accessible to incapacitated persons and 27 of them believed that access should be granted to those who suffer only from a mental illness. However, 20 of the 31 participants (64.5%) confused the term Medical Aid in Dying with other legal forms of end-of-life practices such as palliative care, withdrawing, and withholding of life-sustaining treatments, and advance directives about treatment. Sixteen (51.6%) said they lacked knowledge about one or several of the end-of-life practices discussed in the interview. textbfConclusion: Although the participants were very favorable toward MAiD, there was widespread confusion in participants’ understanding of what constitutes MAiD, thinking it includes other currently legal end-of-life practices. It is not possible to determine whether our participants were in favour of the extension of MAiD to incapacitated persons and people suffering from mental illnesses, or if they were in favour of various currently legal end-of-life interventions for those populations. QUÉBEC
CANADA
SUICIDE-ASSISTÉ
EUTHANASIE
ATTITUDE
SOIN-PALLIATIF
FIN-DE-VIE
JURIDIQUE
SANTÉ-MENTALE
ARRÊT-TRAITEMENT
CANADA
SUICIDE-ASSISTÉ
EUTHANASIE
ATTITUDE
SOIN-PALLIATIF
FIN-DE-VIE
JURIDIQUE
SANTÉ-MENTALE
ARRÊT-TRAITEMENT
Lévesque, Pascal; Rassy, Jessica; Genest, Christine
Le suicide au Québec : 1981 à 2019 — Mise à jour 2022 Rapport technique
Bureau d’information et d’études en santé des populations, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Québec, Canada, 2022.
@techreport{levesque_suicide_2022,
title = {Le suicide au Québec : 1981 à 2019 — Mise à jour 2022},
author = {Pascal Lévesque and Jessica Rassy and Christine Genest},
url = {https://www.inspq.qc.ca/publications/2842},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
pages = {66},
address = {Québec, Canada},
institution = {Bureau d’information et d’études en santé des populations, Institut national de santé publique du Québec,},
abstract = {Les plus récentes données sur le suicide confirment que le taux de mortalité par suicide se stabilise au Québec depuis quelques années. La détresse demeure cependant bien palpable, alors que les visites des jeunes filles aux urgences en raison de comportements suicidaires ont bondi au cours de l’année 2021. L’Institut national de santé publique du Québec (INSPQ) présente son rapport annuel Le suicide au Québec : 1981 à 2019 – Mise à jour 2022. Ce rapport présenté à l’occasion de la Semaine de prévention du suicide dresse un portrait complet des données sur le suicide pour l’année 2019. Il révèle aussi l’impact de la pandémie de COVID-19 sur le suicide et les comportements suicidaires, grâce aux données provisoires du Bureau du coroner en chef du Québec pour l’année 2020 et l’analyse des hospitalisations et des visites aux urgences. QUÉBEC
CANADA
GENRE
HOMME
FEMME
ÂGE
ENFANT
ADOLESCENT
JEUNE-ADULTE
ADULTE
AÎNÉ
TENTATIVE
SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
PRÉVALENCE
TENDANCE
MOYEN
FACTEUR-SOCIODÉMOGRAPHIQUE
GÉOGRAPHIE
ALCOOL
TOXICOLOGIE
ÉPIDÉMIOLOGIE
ÉPIDÉMIOLOGIE-INTERNATIONALE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
Les plus récentes données sur le suicide confirment que le taux de mortalité par suicide se stabilise au Québec depuis quelques années. La détresse demeure cependant bien palpable, alors que les visites des jeunes filles aux urgences en raison de comportements suicidaires ont bondi au cours de l’année 2021. L’Institut national de santé publique du Québec (INSPQ) présente son rapport annuel Le suicide au Québec : 1981 à 2019 – Mise à jour 2022. Ce rapport présenté à l’occasion de la Semaine de prévention du suicide dresse un portrait complet des données sur le suicide pour l’année 2019. Il révèle aussi l’impact de la pandémie de COVID-19 sur le suicide et les comportements suicidaires, grâce aux données provisoires du Bureau du coroner en chef du Québec pour l’année 2020 et l’analyse des hospitalisations et des visites aux urgences. QUÉBEC
CANADA
GENRE
HOMME
FEMME
ÂGE
ENFANT
ADOLESCENT
JEUNE-ADULTE
ADULTE
AÎNÉ
TENTATIVE
SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
PRÉVALENCE
TENDANCE
MOYEN
FACTEUR-SOCIODÉMOGRAPHIQUE
GÉOGRAPHIE
ALCOOL
TOXICOLOGIE
ÉPIDÉMIOLOGIE
ÉPIDÉMIOLOGIE-INTERNATIONALE
CANADA
GENRE
HOMME
FEMME
ÂGE
ENFANT
ADOLESCENT
JEUNE-ADULTE
ADULTE
AÎNÉ
TENTATIVE
SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
PRÉVALENCE
TENDANCE
MOYEN
FACTEUR-SOCIODÉMOGRAPHIQUE
GÉOGRAPHIE
ALCOOL
TOXICOLOGIE
ÉPIDÉMIOLOGIE
ÉPIDÉMIOLOGIE-INTERNATIONALE
2021
Organization, World Health
Suicide worldwide in 2019: global health estimates Ouvrage
Geneva, Switzerland, 2021.
@book{world_health_organization_suicide_2021,
title = {Suicide worldwide in 2019: global health estimates},
author = {World Health Organization},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-09-14},
pages = {iv, 28 p.},
address = {Geneva, Switzerland},
abstract = {SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
ÉPIDÉMIOLOGIE-INTERNATIONALE
PRÉVALENCE
FRÉQUENCE
TENDANCE
MORTALITÉ
CAUSE-DÉCÈS
FACTEUR-SOCIODÉMOGRAPHIQUE
PRÉVENTION},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}
SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
ÉPIDÉMIOLOGIE-INTERNATIONALE
PRÉVALENCE
FRÉQUENCE
TENDANCE
MORTALITÉ
CAUSE-DÉCÈS
FACTEUR-SOCIODÉMOGRAPHIQUE
PRÉVENTION
ÉPIDÉMIOLOGIE-INTERNATIONALE
PRÉVALENCE
FRÉQUENCE
TENDANCE
MORTALITÉ
CAUSE-DÉCÈS
FACTEUR-SOCIODÉMOGRAPHIQUE
PRÉVENTION
Organization, World Health
Live life: an implementation guide for suicide prevention in countries Ouvrage
Geneva, Switzerland, 2021.
@book{world_health_organization_live_2021,
title = {Live life: an implementation guide for suicide prevention in countries},
author = {World Health Organization},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-09-14},
pages = {xii, 127 p.},
address = {Geneva, Switzerland},
abstract = {More than 700 000 people lose their life to suicide every year. The world is not on track to reach the 2030 suicide reduction targets. WHO advocates for countries to take action to prevent suicide, ideally through a comprehensive national suicide prevention strategy. Governments and communities can contribute to suicide prevention by implementing LIVE LIFE – WHO’s approach to starting suicide prevention so that countries can build on it further to develop a comprehensive national suicide prevention strategy. The guide is for all countries, with or without a national suicide prevention strategy; national or local focal points for suicide prevention, mental health, alcohol or NCDs; and community stakeholders with a vested interest or who may already be engaged in implementing suicide prevention activities. PRÉVENTION
PROGRAMME
STRATÉGIE-NATIONALE
ORGANISATION-MONDIALE-SANTÉ
SANTÉ-MENTALE
PROMOTION
MOYEN
MÉDIA
DÉPISTAGE
POTENTIEL-SUICIDAIRE
SENTINELLE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}
More than 700 000 people lose their life to suicide every year. The world is not on track to reach the 2030 suicide reduction targets. WHO advocates for countries to take action to prevent suicide, ideally through a comprehensive national suicide prevention strategy. Governments and communities can contribute to suicide prevention by implementing LIVE LIFE – WHO’s approach to starting suicide prevention so that countries can build on it further to develop a comprehensive national suicide prevention strategy. The guide is for all countries, with or without a national suicide prevention strategy; national or local focal points for suicide prevention, mental health, alcohol or NCDs; and community stakeholders with a vested interest or who may already be engaged in implementing suicide prevention activities. PRÉVENTION
PROGRAMME
STRATÉGIE-NATIONALE
ORGANISATION-MONDIALE-SANTÉ
SANTÉ-MENTALE
PROMOTION
MOYEN
MÉDIA
DÉPISTAGE
POTENTIEL-SUICIDAIRE
SENTINELLE
PROGRAMME
STRATÉGIE-NATIONALE
ORGANISATION-MONDIALE-SANTÉ
SANTÉ-MENTALE
PROMOTION
MOYEN
MÉDIA
DÉPISTAGE
POTENTIEL-SUICIDAIRE
SENTINELLE
Moutier, C.; Mortali, M.; Brandt, J.; Rose, R.; Hoffman, L.
After a Suicide: A Guide for Veterinary Workplaces Ouvrage
2021.
@book{moutier_after_2020,
title = {After a Suicide: A Guide for Veterinary Workplaces},
author = {C. Moutier and M. Mortali and J. Brandt and R. Rose and L. Hoffman},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-09-14},
abstract = {textitAfter a Suicide: A Guide for Veterinary Workplaces provides guidance and tools for postvention, a term used to describe activities that help people cope with the emotional distress resulting from a suicide and prevent additional trauma and any potential for suicide contagion that could lead to further suicidal behavior and deaths, especially among people who may be at elevated risk for suicide. SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
MILIEU-TRAVAIL
TRAVAIL
DEUIL
ENDEUILLÉ
DEUIL-SUICIDE
POSTVENTION
RÉSILIENCE
COPING
CONTAGION
IMITATION
INTERVENTION
GROUPE-SUPPORT
RECOMMANDATION},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}
textitAfter a Suicide: A Guide for Veterinary Workplaces provides guidance and tools for postvention, a term used to describe activities that help people cope with the emotional distress resulting from a suicide and prevent additional trauma and any potential for suicide contagion that could lead to further suicidal behavior and deaths, especially among people who may be at elevated risk for suicide. SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
MILIEU-TRAVAIL
TRAVAIL
DEUIL
ENDEUILLÉ
DEUIL-SUICIDE
POSTVENTION
RÉSILIENCE
COPING
CONTAGION
IMITATION
INTERVENTION
GROUPE-SUPPORT
RECOMMANDATION
MILIEU-TRAVAIL
TRAVAIL
DEUIL
ENDEUILLÉ
DEUIL-SUICIDE
POSTVENTION
RÉSILIENCE
COPING
CONTAGION
IMITATION
INTERVENTION
GROUPE-SUPPORT
RECOMMANDATION
Engelhart, Katie
The Inevitable Ouvrage
St. Martin's Press, New York, USA, 2021.
@book{engelhart_inevitable_2021,
title = {The Inevitable},
author = {Katie Engelhart},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-09-14},
publisher = {St. Martin's Press},
address = {New York, USA},
abstract = {More states and countries are passing right-to-die laws that allow the sick and suffering to end their lives at pre-planned moments, with the help of physicians. But even where these laws exist, they leave many people behind. The Inevitable moves beyond margins of the law to the people who are meticulously planning their final hours—far from medical offices, legislative chambers, hospital ethics committees, and polite conversation. It also shines a light on the people who help them: loved ones and, sometimes, clandestine groups on the Internet that together form the “euthanasia underground.” Katie Engelhart, a veteran journalist, focuses on six people representing different aspects of the right to die debate. Two are doctors: a California physician who runs a boutique assisted death clinic and has written more lethal prescriptions than anyone else in the U.S.; an Australian named Philip Nitschke who lost his medical license for teaching people how to end their lives painlessly and peacefully at “DIY Death” workshops. The other four chapters belong to people who said they wanted to die because they were suffering unbearably—of old age, chronic illness, dementia, and mental anguish—and saw suicide as their only option. Spanning North America, Europe, and Australia, The Inevitable offers a deeply reported and fearless look at a morally tangled subject. It introduces readers to ordinary people who are fighting to find dignity and authenticity in the final hours of their lives. EUTHANASIE
SUICIDE-ASSISTÉ
FIN-DE-VIE
SOIN-PALLIATIF
AUTONOMIE
PRISE-DÉCISION
ÉTHIQUE
JURIDIQUE
CONCEPT-EUTHANASIE
MALADIE-CHRONIQUE
DÉMENCE
DÉTRESSE-PSYCHOLOGIQUE
SOUFFRANCE-PSYCHOLOGIQUE
DIGNITÉ
LÉGALISATION},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}
More states and countries are passing right-to-die laws that allow the sick and suffering to end their lives at pre-planned moments, with the help of physicians. But even where these laws exist, they leave many people behind. The Inevitable moves beyond margins of the law to the people who are meticulously planning their final hours—far from medical offices, legislative chambers, hospital ethics committees, and polite conversation. It also shines a light on the people who help them: loved ones and, sometimes, clandestine groups on the Internet that together form the “euthanasia underground.” Katie Engelhart, a veteran journalist, focuses on six people representing different aspects of the right to die debate. Two are doctors: a California physician who runs a boutique assisted death clinic and has written more lethal prescriptions than anyone else in the U.S.; an Australian named Philip Nitschke who lost his medical license for teaching people how to end their lives painlessly and peacefully at “DIY Death” workshops. The other four chapters belong to people who said they wanted to die because they were suffering unbearably—of old age, chronic illness, dementia, and mental anguish—and saw suicide as their only option. Spanning North America, Europe, and Australia, The Inevitable offers a deeply reported and fearless look at a morally tangled subject. It introduces readers to ordinary people who are fighting to find dignity and authenticity in the final hours of their lives. EUTHANASIE
SUICIDE-ASSISTÉ
FIN-DE-VIE
SOIN-PALLIATIF
AUTONOMIE
PRISE-DÉCISION
ÉTHIQUE
JURIDIQUE
CONCEPT-EUTHANASIE
MALADIE-CHRONIQUE
DÉMENCE
DÉTRESSE-PSYCHOLOGIQUE
SOUFFRANCE-PSYCHOLOGIQUE
DIGNITÉ
LÉGALISATION
SUICIDE-ASSISTÉ
FIN-DE-VIE
SOIN-PALLIATIF
AUTONOMIE
PRISE-DÉCISION
ÉTHIQUE
JURIDIQUE
CONCEPT-EUTHANASIE
MALADIE-CHRONIQUE
DÉMENCE
DÉTRESSE-PSYCHOLOGIQUE
SOUFFRANCE-PSYCHOLOGIQUE
DIGNITÉ
LÉGALISATION
Boulos, David
Rapport de 2020 sur la mortalité par suicide dans les Forces armées canadiennes (de 1995 à 2019) Ouvrage
2021.
@book{boulos_rapport_2021,
title = {Rapport de 2020 sur la mortalité par suicide dans les Forces armées canadiennes (de 1995 à 2019)},
author = {David Boulos},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-09-14},
pages = {xv, 19 p.},
abstract = {textbfIntroduction : Chaque décès par suicide constitue une tragédie. La prévention du suicide est un aspect important de la santé publique et une priorité des Forces armées canadiennes (FAC). Afin de mieux comprendre le suicide au sein des FAC et de parfaire les efforts continus en matière de prévention, les Services de santé des Forces canadiennes effectuent chaque année des analyses pour examiner les taux de suicide et la relation entre le suicide, le déploiement et d’autres facteurs de risque potentiels de suicide. La présente analyse, réalisée par la Direction – Santé mentale (DSM), représente une mise à jour pour la période s’échelonnant de 1995 à 2019.
textbfMéthodes : Le présent rapport décrit les taux bruts de suicide de 1995 à 2019, les comparaisons entre la population canadienne et les FAC au moyen des ratios standardisés de mortalité (RSM) et les taux de suicide selon les antécédents de déploiement au moyen des RSM et de la standardisation directe. On y examine également la variation du taux de suicide selon le commandement/environnement et, au moyen de données tirées des examens techniques des suicides par des professionnels de la santé (ETSPS), la prévalence d’autres facteurs de risque en ce qui concerne les suicides survenus en 2019.
textbfRésultats : De 1995 et 2019, il n’y a pas eu d’augmentation statistiquement significative des taux globaux de suicide. Le nombre d’hommes de la Force régulière décédés par suicide n’était pas statistiquement plus élevé que le nombre attendu en fonction des taux de suicide observés chez les hommes dans la population canadienne en général pour chaque période évaluée.
Les ratios des taux de suicide comparant les hommes de la Force régulière selon qu’ils avaient ou non des antécédents de déploiement n’indiquaient pas de lien statistiquement significatif entre le déploiement et un risque accru de suicide. Les constatations les plus récentes (de 2015 à 2019) révèlent que le taux de suicide chez les militaires ayant pris part à un déploiement était légèrement plus élevé, mais pas statistiquement différent par rapport au taux de ceux qui n’avaient jamais participé à un déploiement (ratio des taux de suicide ajustés selon l’âge : 1,13; intervalle de confiance [IC] à 95 % : 0,59 à 2,16). Ces observations concordent avec la tendance sur 10 ans (de 2005 à 2014), qui indiquait que les militaires ayant des antécédents de déploiement étaient possiblement plus à risque de suicide que ceux n’ayant pas de tels antécédents (ratio des taux de suicide ajustés selon l’âge : 1,46; IC à 95 % : 0,98 à 2,18).
Ces ratios de taux montrent par ailleurs que, de 2006 à 2019 inclusivement, le fait qu’un militaire fasse partie du commandement de l’Armée de terre était associé à un risque plus élevé de suicide par rapport à un militaire relevant d’un autre commandement (ratio des taux de suicide ajustés selon l’âge : 2,13; IC à 95 % : 1,62 à 2,79). La moyenne mobile du taux de suicide sur trois ans donne à penser que l’écart rétrécit entre le taux de suicide des membres de l’Armée de terre et celui des membres d’autres commandements. Les hommes de la Force régulière appartenant aux groupes professionnels des armes de combat de l’Armée de terre affichaient un taux de suicide plus élevé (31,51/100 000 [IC à 95 % : 25,18 à 39,36]) que celui des hommes de la Force régulière occupant d’autres professions (18,20/100 000 [IC à 95 % : 15,31 à 21,62]), et cet écart était statistiquement significatif.
Les résultats des ETSPS de 2019 continuent d’appuyer la théorie d’un enchaînement de causalité multifactoriel (qui comprend des facteurs biologiques, psychologiques, interpersonnels et socio-économiques) plutôt qu’un lien direct entre des facteurs de risque individuels (p. ex. l’état de stress post-traumatique ou le déploiement) et le suicide. Ces résultats concordent avec ceux des ETSPS des années précédentes.
textbfConclusions : Les taux de suicide au sein des FAC n’ont pas augmenté de façon statistiquement significative au cours de la période d’observation décrite et, une fois standardisés selon l’âge, ils n’étaient pas non plus statistiquement supérieurs à ceux de la population canadienne. Toutefois, les petits nombres limitent la capacité ou la probabilité de déceler une signification statistique au moyen des évaluations. Le risque accru de suicide chez les hommes de la Force régulière faisant partie de l’Armée de terre comparativement aux militaires relevant d’un autre commandement est une constatation que les FAC continuent de surveiller. CANADA
HOMME
SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
MILITAIRE
PRÉVALENCE
TENDANCE
FACTEUR-RISQUE
SANTÉ-MENTALE
ÉPIDÉMIOLOGIE
STRESS
TROUBLE-STRESS-POST-TRAUMATIQUE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}
textbfIntroduction : Chaque décès par suicide constitue une tragédie. La prévention du suicide est un aspect important de la santé publique et une priorité des Forces armées canadiennes (FAC). Afin de mieux comprendre le suicide au sein des FAC et de parfaire les efforts continus en matière de prévention, les Services de santé des Forces canadiennes effectuent chaque année des analyses pour examiner les taux de suicide et la relation entre le suicide, le déploiement et d’autres facteurs de risque potentiels de suicide. La présente analyse, réalisée par la Direction – Santé mentale (DSM), représente une mise à jour pour la période s’échelonnant de 1995 à 2019.
textbfMéthodes : Le présent rapport décrit les taux bruts de suicide de 1995 à 2019, les comparaisons entre la population canadienne et les FAC au moyen des ratios standardisés de mortalité (RSM) et les taux de suicide selon les antécédents de déploiement au moyen des RSM et de la standardisation directe. On y examine également la variation du taux de suicide selon le commandement/environnement et, au moyen de données tirées des examens techniques des suicides par des professionnels de la santé (ETSPS), la prévalence d’autres facteurs de risque en ce qui concerne les suicides survenus en 2019.
textbfRésultats : De 1995 et 2019, il n’y a pas eu d’augmentation statistiquement significative des taux globaux de suicide. Le nombre d’hommes de la Force régulière décédés par suicide n’était pas statistiquement plus élevé que le nombre attendu en fonction des taux de suicide observés chez les hommes dans la population canadienne en général pour chaque période évaluée.
Les ratios des taux de suicide comparant les hommes de la Force régulière selon qu’ils avaient ou non des antécédents de déploiement n’indiquaient pas de lien statistiquement significatif entre le déploiement et un risque accru de suicide. Les constatations les plus récentes (de 2015 à 2019) révèlent que le taux de suicide chez les militaires ayant pris part à un déploiement était légèrement plus élevé, mais pas statistiquement différent par rapport au taux de ceux qui n’avaient jamais participé à un déploiement (ratio des taux de suicide ajustés selon l’âge : 1,13; intervalle de confiance [IC] à 95 % : 0,59 à 2,16). Ces observations concordent avec la tendance sur 10 ans (de 2005 à 2014), qui indiquait que les militaires ayant des antécédents de déploiement étaient possiblement plus à risque de suicide que ceux n’ayant pas de tels antécédents (ratio des taux de suicide ajustés selon l’âge : 1,46; IC à 95 % : 0,98 à 2,18).
Ces ratios de taux montrent par ailleurs que, de 2006 à 2019 inclusivement, le fait qu’un militaire fasse partie du commandement de l’Armée de terre était associé à un risque plus élevé de suicide par rapport à un militaire relevant d’un autre commandement (ratio des taux de suicide ajustés selon l’âge : 2,13; IC à 95 % : 1,62 à 2,79). La moyenne mobile du taux de suicide sur trois ans donne à penser que l’écart rétrécit entre le taux de suicide des membres de l’Armée de terre et celui des membres d’autres commandements. Les hommes de la Force régulière appartenant aux groupes professionnels des armes de combat de l’Armée de terre affichaient un taux de suicide plus élevé (31,51/100 000 [IC à 95 % : 25,18 à 39,36]) que celui des hommes de la Force régulière occupant d’autres professions (18,20/100 000 [IC à 95 % : 15,31 à 21,62]), et cet écart était statistiquement significatif.
Les résultats des ETSPS de 2019 continuent d’appuyer la théorie d’un enchaînement de causalité multifactoriel (qui comprend des facteurs biologiques, psychologiques, interpersonnels et socio-économiques) plutôt qu’un lien direct entre des facteurs de risque individuels (p. ex. l’état de stress post-traumatique ou le déploiement) et le suicide. Ces résultats concordent avec ceux des ETSPS des années précédentes.
textbfConclusions : Les taux de suicide au sein des FAC n’ont pas augmenté de façon statistiquement significative au cours de la période d’observation décrite et, une fois standardisés selon l’âge, ils n’étaient pas non plus statistiquement supérieurs à ceux de la population canadienne. Toutefois, les petits nombres limitent la capacité ou la probabilité de déceler une signification statistique au moyen des évaluations. Le risque accru de suicide chez les hommes de la Force régulière faisant partie de l’Armée de terre comparativement aux militaires relevant d’un autre commandement est une constatation que les FAC continuent de surveiller. CANADA
HOMME
SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
MILITAIRE
PRÉVALENCE
TENDANCE
FACTEUR-RISQUE
SANTÉ-MENTALE
ÉPIDÉMIOLOGIE
STRESS
TROUBLE-STRESS-POST-TRAUMATIQUE
textbfMéthodes : Le présent rapport décrit les taux bruts de suicide de 1995 à 2019, les comparaisons entre la population canadienne et les FAC au moyen des ratios standardisés de mortalité (RSM) et les taux de suicide selon les antécédents de déploiement au moyen des RSM et de la standardisation directe. On y examine également la variation du taux de suicide selon le commandement/environnement et, au moyen de données tirées des examens techniques des suicides par des professionnels de la santé (ETSPS), la prévalence d’autres facteurs de risque en ce qui concerne les suicides survenus en 2019.
textbfRésultats : De 1995 et 2019, il n’y a pas eu d’augmentation statistiquement significative des taux globaux de suicide. Le nombre d’hommes de la Force régulière décédés par suicide n’était pas statistiquement plus élevé que le nombre attendu en fonction des taux de suicide observés chez les hommes dans la population canadienne en général pour chaque période évaluée.
Les ratios des taux de suicide comparant les hommes de la Force régulière selon qu’ils avaient ou non des antécédents de déploiement n’indiquaient pas de lien statistiquement significatif entre le déploiement et un risque accru de suicide. Les constatations les plus récentes (de 2015 à 2019) révèlent que le taux de suicide chez les militaires ayant pris part à un déploiement était légèrement plus élevé, mais pas statistiquement différent par rapport au taux de ceux qui n’avaient jamais participé à un déploiement (ratio des taux de suicide ajustés selon l’âge : 1,13; intervalle de confiance [IC] à 95 % : 0,59 à 2,16). Ces observations concordent avec la tendance sur 10 ans (de 2005 à 2014), qui indiquait que les militaires ayant des antécédents de déploiement étaient possiblement plus à risque de suicide que ceux n’ayant pas de tels antécédents (ratio des taux de suicide ajustés selon l’âge : 1,46; IC à 95 % : 0,98 à 2,18).
Ces ratios de taux montrent par ailleurs que, de 2006 à 2019 inclusivement, le fait qu’un militaire fasse partie du commandement de l’Armée de terre était associé à un risque plus élevé de suicide par rapport à un militaire relevant d’un autre commandement (ratio des taux de suicide ajustés selon l’âge : 2,13; IC à 95 % : 1,62 à 2,79). La moyenne mobile du taux de suicide sur trois ans donne à penser que l’écart rétrécit entre le taux de suicide des membres de l’Armée de terre et celui des membres d’autres commandements. Les hommes de la Force régulière appartenant aux groupes professionnels des armes de combat de l’Armée de terre affichaient un taux de suicide plus élevé (31,51/100 000 [IC à 95 % : 25,18 à 39,36]) que celui des hommes de la Force régulière occupant d’autres professions (18,20/100 000 [IC à 95 % : 15,31 à 21,62]), et cet écart était statistiquement significatif.
Les résultats des ETSPS de 2019 continuent d’appuyer la théorie d’un enchaînement de causalité multifactoriel (qui comprend des facteurs biologiques, psychologiques, interpersonnels et socio-économiques) plutôt qu’un lien direct entre des facteurs de risque individuels (p. ex. l’état de stress post-traumatique ou le déploiement) et le suicide. Ces résultats concordent avec ceux des ETSPS des années précédentes.
textbfConclusions : Les taux de suicide au sein des FAC n’ont pas augmenté de façon statistiquement significative au cours de la période d’observation décrite et, une fois standardisés selon l’âge, ils n’étaient pas non plus statistiquement supérieurs à ceux de la population canadienne. Toutefois, les petits nombres limitent la capacité ou la probabilité de déceler une signification statistique au moyen des évaluations. Le risque accru de suicide chez les hommes de la Force régulière faisant partie de l’Armée de terre comparativement aux militaires relevant d’un autre commandement est une constatation que les FAC continuent de surveiller. CANADA
HOMME
SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
MILITAIRE
PRÉVALENCE
TENDANCE
FACTEUR-RISQUE
SANTÉ-MENTALE
ÉPIDÉMIOLOGIE
STRESS
TROUBLE-STRESS-POST-TRAUMATIQUE
Blouin, Camille
Santé mentale des camionneurs québécois ayant vécu un accident de la route impliquant une tentative de suicide devant leur camion Ouvrage
Québec, Canada, 2021.
@book{blouin_sante_2021,
title = {Santé mentale des camionneurs québécois ayant vécu un accident de la route impliquant une tentative de suicide devant leur camion},
author = {Camille Blouin},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-09-14},
urldate = {2021-09-14},
address = {Québec, Canada},
institution = {Université Laval},
abstract = {En 2019, les accidents de la route ont fait 35 000 victimes au Québec. Leurs effets sur la santé mentale des survivants sont peu documentés statistiquement. La prévalence du trouble stress post-traumatique (TSPT) et de sa comorbidité avec l’insomnie, la dépression et la phobie des transports a été notée chez certaines victimes. Quant aux victimes d’accidents impliquant un véhicule lourd, elles sont surreprésentées. Dans la majorité de ces cas, le camionneur n’est pas la personne responsable. Dans ces situations, il est possible qu’une personne ait utilisé le véhicule lourd pour tenter de s’enlever la vie. L’impact des suicides devant les véhicules lourds sur la santé mentale est décrié par des associations de camionneurs, mais la nature et l’importance de ces conséquences sont peu connues. Le but de cette étude est d’établir un portrait de la santé mentale chez un échantillon de camionneurs québécois ayant vécu ou non un accident de la route, impliquant ou non une tentative de suicide. Quatre-vingt-cinq camionneurs québécois (64,7 % hommes, âge moyen = 42,8 ans) ont rempli une batterie de questionnaires maison et validés mesurant la sévérité des symptômes du TSPT, de l’insomnie, de la dépression, du fonctionnement quotidien et les habitudes de consommation de substances. Une différence significative a été observée entre ceux n’ayant pas vécu d’accident et ceux ayant vécu un accident n’étant pas une tentative de suicide sur la sévérité des symptômes intrusifs liés au TSPT (F (2,82) = 4,017},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}
En 2019, les accidents de la route ont fait 35 000 victimes au Québec. Leurs effets sur la santé mentale des survivants sont peu documentés statistiquement. La prévalence du trouble stress post-traumatique (TSPT) et de sa comorbidité avec l’insomnie, la dépression et la phobie des transports a été notée chez certaines victimes. Quant aux victimes d’accidents impliquant un véhicule lourd, elles sont surreprésentées. Dans la majorité de ces cas, le camionneur n’est pas la personne responsable. Dans ces situations, il est possible qu’une personne ait utilisé le véhicule lourd pour tenter de s’enlever la vie. L’impact des suicides devant les véhicules lourds sur la santé mentale est décrié par des associations de camionneurs, mais la nature et l’importance de ces conséquences sont peu connues. Le but de cette étude est d’établir un portrait de la santé mentale chez un échantillon de camionneurs québécois ayant vécu ou non un accident de la route, impliquant ou non une tentative de suicide. Quatre-vingt-cinq camionneurs québécois (64,7 % hommes, âge moyen = 42,8 ans) ont rempli une batterie de questionnaires maison et validés mesurant la sévérité des symptômes du TSPT, de l’insomnie, de la dépression, du fonctionnement quotidien et les habitudes de consommation de substances. Une différence significative a été observée entre ceux n’ayant pas vécu d’accident et ceux ayant vécu un accident n’étant pas une tentative de suicide sur la sévérité des symptômes intrusifs liés au TSPT (F (2,82) = 4,017
Bardon, Cécile; Morin, Diane; Millette, Lorraine
Présentation synthétique du projet ayant pour titre :Stratégie innovante de mobilisation des connaissances en prévention du suicide chez les personnes ayant une déficience intellectuelle ou un trouble du spectre de láutisme : collaborer avec le réseau pour améliorer les services Article de journal
Dans: La revue de l'observatoire en inclusion sociale, vol. 3, no 1, p. 9–12, 2021.
@article{bardon_presentation_2021,
title = {Présentation synthétique du projet ayant pour titre :Stratégie innovante de mobilisation des connaissances en prévention du suicide chez les personnes ayant une déficience intellectuelle ou un trouble du spectre de láutisme : collaborer avec le réseau pour améliorer les services},
author = {Cécile Bardon and Diane Morin and Lorraine Millette},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-09-01},
urldate = {2021-09-01},
journal = {La revue de l'observatoire en inclusion sociale},
volume = {3},
number = {1},
pages = {9--12},
abstract = {Les milieux d’intervention sont de plus en plus sensibilisés au fait que les personnes ayant une déficience intellectuelle (DI) ou un trouble du spectre de l’autisme (TSA) risquent de vivre de la détresse et de développer des idéations suicidaires, de faire des tentatives de suicide ou de décéder par suicide. Par conséquent, la prévention du suicide chez ces populations est un enjeu de plus en plus pressant. Les milieux spécialisés en intervention auprès des personnes ayant une DI ou un TSA ont pris conscience depuis quelques années de leurs besoins dans ce domaine et demandent des ressources et des outils adaptés à leurs usagers. En effet, les personnes ayant une DI ou un TSA présentent des particularités cognitives, affectives, communicationnelles, sociales et médicales qui rendent difficile l’application des pratiques utilisées pour la population générale et qui peuvent mener à des difficultés de coordination entre les milieux de la santé mentale, de la prévention du suicide et de la réadaptation. Afin de répondre aux besoins des milieux, il est important de construire et de diffuser des outils de prévention du suicide adaptés aux spécificités des usagers et des milieux. Il est donc important de construire des processus d’appropriation des connaissances adaptés aux différents contextes de la prévention du suicide chez les personnes ayant une DI ou un TSA afin de favoriser leur utilisation dans les milieux de la réadaptation et les collaborations avec les milieux de la santé mentale. PRÉVENTION
RETARD-MENTAL
DÉTRESSE
MODÈLE
DÉPISTAGE
FACTEUR-RISQUE
FACTEUR-PROTECTION
INTERVENTION},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Les milieux d’intervention sont de plus en plus sensibilisés au fait que les personnes ayant une déficience intellectuelle (DI) ou un trouble du spectre de l’autisme (TSA) risquent de vivre de la détresse et de développer des idéations suicidaires, de faire des tentatives de suicide ou de décéder par suicide. Par conséquent, la prévention du suicide chez ces populations est un enjeu de plus en plus pressant. Les milieux spécialisés en intervention auprès des personnes ayant une DI ou un TSA ont pris conscience depuis quelques années de leurs besoins dans ce domaine et demandent des ressources et des outils adaptés à leurs usagers. En effet, les personnes ayant une DI ou un TSA présentent des particularités cognitives, affectives, communicationnelles, sociales et médicales qui rendent difficile l’application des pratiques utilisées pour la population générale et qui peuvent mener à des difficultés de coordination entre les milieux de la santé mentale, de la prévention du suicide et de la réadaptation. Afin de répondre aux besoins des milieux, il est important de construire et de diffuser des outils de prévention du suicide adaptés aux spécificités des usagers et des milieux. Il est donc important de construire des processus d’appropriation des connaissances adaptés aux différents contextes de la prévention du suicide chez les personnes ayant une DI ou un TSA afin de favoriser leur utilisation dans les milieux de la réadaptation et les collaborations avec les milieux de la santé mentale. PRÉVENTION
RETARD-MENTAL
DÉTRESSE
MODÈLE
DÉPISTAGE
FACTEUR-RISQUE
FACTEUR-PROTECTION
INTERVENTION
RETARD-MENTAL
DÉTRESSE
MODÈLE
DÉPISTAGE
FACTEUR-RISQUE
FACTEUR-PROTECTION
INTERVENTION
Vrakas, Georgia
Mémoire soumis dans le cadre des consultations particulières et auditions publiques sur l’évolution de la Loi concernant les soins de fin de vie Divers
2021.
@misc{vrakas_memoire_2021,
title = {Mémoire soumis dans le cadre des consultations particulières et auditions publiques sur l’évolution de la Loi concernant les soins de fin de vie},
author = {Georgia Vrakas},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-05-01},
publisher = {Assemblée nationale du Québec,},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {misc}
}
Genest, Christine; Gratton, Francine; O’Reilly, Tara; Allard, Émilie; Maltais, Nathalie
Emerging despite the indelible wound: A grounded theory of family transformation following adolescent suicide Article de journal
Dans: Journal of Family Nursing, 2021.
@article{genest_emerging_2021,
title = {Emerging despite the indelible wound: A grounded theory of family transformation following adolescent suicide},
author = {Christine Genest and Francine Gratton and Tara O’Reilly and Émilie Allard and Nathalie Maltais},
doi = {10.1177/10748407211006183},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-02},
journal = {Journal of Family Nursing},
abstract = {Family members of a person who has died by suicide are at an increased risk of experiencing depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, suicide ideation, and suicide. However, despite the experience of losing a family member to suicide, most families continue to function and even live well following this difficult experience. This study sought to understand and describe the transformation process that occurs in family member survivors using a grounded theory approach. Seven families, who experienced the loss of an adolescent in their family by suicide, participated in this qualitative study that used a grounded theory methodology. The results describe the transformation process experienced by the family, one of growth and learning, even though the wound from their tragic loss was still present. According to the grounded theory developed in this study, the suicide is a cataclysm, followed by a sinking period that is tempered by the presence of lifebuoys, which are supports that can be found within the families or from people around them. It is necessary for family nurses to understand this transformation process to better support surviving family members and improve suicide postvention care.
Les proches d’une personne décédée par suicide sont à risque accru de souffrir d’une dépression, d’un trouble de stress post-traumatique, d’idéations suicidaires et de décéder par suicide. Or, malgré cette difficile expérience de perdre un membre de la famille par suicide, la plupart des familles continuent à fonctionner et peuvent bien vivre. Cette étude utilise une théorisation ancrée pour comprendre et décrire le processus de transformation qui survient chez les membres d’une famille suite au décès par suicide d’un proche. Sept familles ayant vécu la perte par suicide d’un adolescent dans leur famille ont participé à cette étude qualitative utilisant une méthode de théorisation ancrée. Les résultats décrivent le processus de transformation vécu dans la famille, un processus de croissance et d’apprentissage, malgré la présence d’une vive blessure suite à cette perte tragique. Suivant la théorisation ancrée développée dans cette étude, le suicide d’un proche est un cataclysme; cet événement est suivi d’une période de descente, qui peut être atténuée par la présence de bouées de sauvetage, des soutiens qui peuvent être trouvés dans la famille ou les proches. Il est nécessaire pour les infirmières agissant auprès de la famille de comprendre ce processus de transformation afin de mieux soutenir les membres survivants et d’améliorer les soins de postvention à la suite d’un suicide.
QUÉBEC
CANADA
ADOLESCENT
SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
POSTVENTION
FAMILLE
DEUIL
ENDEUILLÉ
DEUIL-SUICIDE
PERTE-PROCHE
PERTE-ENFANT
ÉTUDE-QUALITATIVE
PROCESSUS-DEUIL
SOUTIEN-SOCIAL
COHÉSION-GROUPE
COLÈRE
HONTE
STIGMATISATION
PERSONNEL-MÉDICAL
RITUEL},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Family members of a person who has died by suicide are at an increased risk of experiencing depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, suicide ideation, and suicide. However, despite the experience of losing a family member to suicide, most families continue to function and even live well following this difficult experience. This study sought to understand and describe the transformation process that occurs in family member survivors using a grounded theory approach. Seven families, who experienced the loss of an adolescent in their family by suicide, participated in this qualitative study that used a grounded theory methodology. The results describe the transformation process experienced by the family, one of growth and learning, even though the wound from their tragic loss was still present. According to the grounded theory developed in this study, the suicide is a cataclysm, followed by a sinking period that is tempered by the presence of lifebuoys, which are supports that can be found within the families or from people around them. It is necessary for family nurses to understand this transformation process to better support surviving family members and improve suicide postvention care.
Les proches d’une personne décédée par suicide sont à risque accru de souffrir d’une dépression, d’un trouble de stress post-traumatique, d’idéations suicidaires et de décéder par suicide. Or, malgré cette difficile expérience de perdre un membre de la famille par suicide, la plupart des familles continuent à fonctionner et peuvent bien vivre. Cette étude utilise une théorisation ancrée pour comprendre et décrire le processus de transformation qui survient chez les membres d’une famille suite au décès par suicide d’un proche. Sept familles ayant vécu la perte par suicide d’un adolescent dans leur famille ont participé à cette étude qualitative utilisant une méthode de théorisation ancrée. Les résultats décrivent le processus de transformation vécu dans la famille, un processus de croissance et d’apprentissage, malgré la présence d’une vive blessure suite à cette perte tragique. Suivant la théorisation ancrée développée dans cette étude, le suicide d’un proche est un cataclysme; cet événement est suivi d’une période de descente, qui peut être atténuée par la présence de bouées de sauvetage, des soutiens qui peuvent être trouvés dans la famille ou les proches. Il est nécessaire pour les infirmières agissant auprès de la famille de comprendre ce processus de transformation afin de mieux soutenir les membres survivants et d’améliorer les soins de postvention à la suite d’un suicide.
QUÉBEC
CANADA
ADOLESCENT
SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
POSTVENTION
FAMILLE
DEUIL
ENDEUILLÉ
DEUIL-SUICIDE
PERTE-PROCHE
PERTE-ENFANT
ÉTUDE-QUALITATIVE
PROCESSUS-DEUIL
SOUTIEN-SOCIAL
COHÉSION-GROUPE
COLÈRE
HONTE
STIGMATISATION
PERSONNEL-MÉDICAL
RITUEL
Les proches d’une personne décédée par suicide sont à risque accru de souffrir d’une dépression, d’un trouble de stress post-traumatique, d’idéations suicidaires et de décéder par suicide. Or, malgré cette difficile expérience de perdre un membre de la famille par suicide, la plupart des familles continuent à fonctionner et peuvent bien vivre. Cette étude utilise une théorisation ancrée pour comprendre et décrire le processus de transformation qui survient chez les membres d’une famille suite au décès par suicide d’un proche. Sept familles ayant vécu la perte par suicide d’un adolescent dans leur famille ont participé à cette étude qualitative utilisant une méthode de théorisation ancrée. Les résultats décrivent le processus de transformation vécu dans la famille, un processus de croissance et d’apprentissage, malgré la présence d’une vive blessure suite à cette perte tragique. Suivant la théorisation ancrée développée dans cette étude, le suicide d’un proche est un cataclysme; cet événement est suivi d’une période de descente, qui peut être atténuée par la présence de bouées de sauvetage, des soutiens qui peuvent être trouvés dans la famille ou les proches. Il est nécessaire pour les infirmières agissant auprès de la famille de comprendre ce processus de transformation afin de mieux soutenir les membres survivants et d’améliorer les soins de postvention à la suite d’un suicide.
QUÉBEC
CANADA
ADOLESCENT
SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
POSTVENTION
FAMILLE
DEUIL
ENDEUILLÉ
DEUIL-SUICIDE
PERTE-PROCHE
PERTE-ENFANT
ÉTUDE-QUALITATIVE
PROCESSUS-DEUIL
SOUTIEN-SOCIAL
COHÉSION-GROUPE
COLÈRE
HONTE
STIGMATISATION
PERSONNEL-MÉDICAL
RITUEL
Zortea, Tiago C.; Brenna, Connor T. A.; Joyce, Mary; McClelland, Heather; Tippett, Marisa; Tran, Maxwell M.; Arensman, Ella; Corcoran, Paul; Hatcher, Simon; Heisel, Marnin J.; Links, Paul; O'Connor, Rory C.; Edgar, Nicole E.; Cha, Yevin; Guaiana, Giuseppe; Williamson, Eileen; Sinyor, Mark; Platt, Stephen
The impact of infectious disease-related public health emergencies on suicide, suicidal behavior, and suicidal thoughts: A systematic review Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 42, no 6, p. 474–487, 2021.
@article{zortea_impact_2021,
title = {The impact of infectious disease-related public health emergencies on suicide, suicidal behavior, and suicidal thoughts: A systematic review},
author = {Tiago C. Zortea and Connor T. A. Brenna and Mary Joyce and Heather McClelland and Marisa Tippett and Maxwell M. Tran and Ella Arensman and Paul Corcoran and Simon Hatcher and Marnin J. Heisel and Paul Links and Rory C. O'Connor and Nicole E. Edgar and Yevin Cha and Giuseppe Guaiana and Eileen Williamson and Mark Sinyor and Stephen Platt},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000753},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {42},
number = {6},
pages = {474–487},
abstract = {Background: Infectious disease-related public health emergencies (epidemics) may increase suicide risk, and high-quality evidence is needed to guide an international response. Aims: We investigated the potential impacts of epidemics on suicide-related outcomes. Method: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycInfo, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, PsyArXiv, medRxiv, and bioRxiv from inception to May 13–16, 2020. Inclusion criteria: primary studies, reviews, and meta-analyses; reporting the impact of epidemics; with a primary outcome of suicide, suicidal behavior, suicidal ideation, and/or self-harm. Exclusion criteria: not concerned with suicide-related outcomes; not suitable for data extraction. PROSPERO registration: #CRD42020187013. Results: Eight primary papers were included, examining the effects of five epidemics on suicide-related outcomes. There was evidence of increased suicide rates among older adults during SARS and in the year following the epidemic (possibly motivated by social disconnectedness, fears of virus infection, and concern about burdening others) and associations between SARS/Ebola exposure and increased suicide attempts. A preprint study reported associations between COVID-19 distress and past-month suicidal ideation. Limitations: Few studies have investigated the topic; these are of relatively low methodological quality. Conclusion: Findings support an association between previous epidemics and increased risk of suicide-related outcomes. Research is needed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on suicide outcomes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) IDÉATION
TENTATIVE
ÉPIDÉMIE
REVUE-LITTÉRATURE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: Infectious disease-related public health emergencies (epidemics) may increase suicide risk, and high-quality evidence is needed to guide an international response. Aims: We investigated the potential impacts of epidemics on suicide-related outcomes. Method: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycInfo, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, PsyArXiv, medRxiv, and bioRxiv from inception to May 13–16, 2020. Inclusion criteria: primary studies, reviews, and meta-analyses; reporting the impact of epidemics; with a primary outcome of suicide, suicidal behavior, suicidal ideation, and/or self-harm. Exclusion criteria: not concerned with suicide-related outcomes; not suitable for data extraction. PROSPERO registration: #CRD42020187013. Results: Eight primary papers were included, examining the effects of five epidemics on suicide-related outcomes. There was evidence of increased suicide rates among older adults during SARS and in the year following the epidemic (possibly motivated by social disconnectedness, fears of virus infection, and concern about burdening others) and associations between SARS/Ebola exposure and increased suicide attempts. A preprint study reported associations between COVID-19 distress and past-month suicidal ideation. Limitations: Few studies have investigated the topic; these are of relatively low methodological quality. Conclusion: Findings support an association between previous epidemics and increased risk of suicide-related outcomes. Research is needed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on suicide outcomes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) IDÉATION
TENTATIVE
ÉPIDÉMIE
REVUE-LITTÉRATURE
TENTATIVE
ÉPIDÉMIE
REVUE-LITTÉRATURE
Yockey, R. Andrew; King, Keith; Vidourek, Rebecca
Trends in suicidal behaviors among US adults 2015–2018 Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 42, no 5, p. 351–359, 2021.
@article{yockey_trends_2021,
title = {Trends in suicidal behaviors among US adults 2015–2018},
author = {R. Andrew Yockey and Keith King and Rebecca Vidourek},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000732},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {42},
number = {5},
pages = {351–359},
abstract = {Background: Suicide remains a major public health problem in the United States. The purpose of this study was to examine trends in suicide ideation, planning, and attempts among a national sample of US adults. Method: We used aggregated 2015–2018 data from the National Survey Drug Use and Health Survey. We utilized demographic and substance use questions with each suicide behavior. We assessed weighted absolute and relative changes in a national sample of 7,654 adults. Results: Results revealed that from 2015 to 2018, there was a 16.0% increase in suicide ideation, 18.6% increase in suicide planning, and 11.6% increase in suicide attempts. Significant increases in each behavior were found in African Americans, younger adults, sexual minorities, and individuals who reported past-year drug use. Limitations: Limitations include self-report of suicidal behaviors and desirability of answers. Conclusion: We believe our findings can inform harm reduction efforts and health messages surrounding suicide prevention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) ÉTATS-UNIS
ADULTE
IDÉATION
INTENTION
TENTATIVE
PRÉVALENCE
TENDANCE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: Suicide remains a major public health problem in the United States. The purpose of this study was to examine trends in suicide ideation, planning, and attempts among a national sample of US adults. Method: We used aggregated 2015–2018 data from the National Survey Drug Use and Health Survey. We utilized demographic and substance use questions with each suicide behavior. We assessed weighted absolute and relative changes in a national sample of 7,654 adults. Results: Results revealed that from 2015 to 2018, there was a 16.0% increase in suicide ideation, 18.6% increase in suicide planning, and 11.6% increase in suicide attempts. Significant increases in each behavior were found in African Americans, younger adults, sexual minorities, and individuals who reported past-year drug use. Limitations: Limitations include self-report of suicidal behaviors and desirability of answers. Conclusion: We believe our findings can inform harm reduction efforts and health messages surrounding suicide prevention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) ÉTATS-UNIS
ADULTE
IDÉATION
INTENTION
TENTATIVE
PRÉVALENCE
TENDANCE
ADULTE
IDÉATION
INTENTION
TENTATIVE
PRÉVALENCE
TENDANCE
Yang, Xinhua; Tian, Kai; Wang, Dongfang; Liu, Guangya; Liu, Xiaoqun; Harrison, Phillippa
State anhedonia and suicidal ideation in adolescents: The role of loss of interest in friends Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 42, no 4, p. 247–254, 2021.
@article{yang_state_2021,
title = {State anhedonia and suicidal ideation in adolescents: The role of loss of interest in friends},
author = {Xinhua Yang and Kai Tian and Dongfang Wang and Guangya Liu and Xiaoqun Liu and Phillippa Harrison},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000712},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {42},
number = {4},
pages = {247–254},
abstract = {Background: Recent work suggests that state anhedonia and its social aspect of loss of interest in people was an important predictor of suicidal ideation in adults. Aim: The current study investigated the relationship between state anhedonia, trait anhedonia, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts in adolescents. Method: State anhedonia was assessed using the anhedonia subscale from the Child Mood and Feelings Questionnaire, while trait social anhedonia was assessed using the Adolescent Anticipatory and Consummatory Interpersonal Pleasure Scale and the Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale. Results: Results indicated that state anhedonia was associated with suicidal ideation but not associated with past suicide attempts after controlling for depressive symptoms. Academic stressful events moderated the relationship between state anhedonia and suicidal ideation. Symptom-level analyses revealed that loss of interest in friends was most highly predictive of suicidal ideation compared with the other anhedonia components. Limitations: The current investigation was limited by its reliance on student samples and data from a single time point. Conclusion: The current study indicated that state anhedonia and its social component may be more informative of near-term suicidal ideation than trait anhedonia in adolescents. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) ADOLESCENT
IDÉATION
TROUBLE-HUMEUR},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: Recent work suggests that state anhedonia and its social aspect of loss of interest in people was an important predictor of suicidal ideation in adults. Aim: The current study investigated the relationship between state anhedonia, trait anhedonia, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts in adolescents. Method: State anhedonia was assessed using the anhedonia subscale from the Child Mood and Feelings Questionnaire, while trait social anhedonia was assessed using the Adolescent Anticipatory and Consummatory Interpersonal Pleasure Scale and the Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale. Results: Results indicated that state anhedonia was associated with suicidal ideation but not associated with past suicide attempts after controlling for depressive symptoms. Academic stressful events moderated the relationship between state anhedonia and suicidal ideation. Symptom-level analyses revealed that loss of interest in friends was most highly predictive of suicidal ideation compared with the other anhedonia components. Limitations: The current investigation was limited by its reliance on student samples and data from a single time point. Conclusion: The current study indicated that state anhedonia and its social component may be more informative of near-term suicidal ideation than trait anhedonia in adolescents. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) ADOLESCENT
IDÉATION
TROUBLE-HUMEUR
IDÉATION
TROUBLE-HUMEUR
Battalen, Adeline Wyman; Mereish, Ethan; Putney, Jennifer; Sellers, Christina M.; Gushwa, Melinda; O'Brien, Kimberly H. McManama
Associations of discrimination, suicide ideation severity and attempts, and depressive symptoms among sexual and gender minority youth Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 42, no 4, p. 301–308, 2021.
@article{wyman_battalen_associations_2021,
title = {Associations of discrimination, suicide ideation severity and attempts, and depressive symptoms among sexual and gender minority youth},
author = {Adeline Wyman Battalen and Ethan Mereish and Jennifer Putney and Christina M. Sellers and Melinda Gushwa and Kimberly H. McManama O'Brien},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000718},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {42},
number = {4},
pages = {301–308},
abstract = {We examined the unique associations among discrimination, suicidal thoughts, suicide attempts, and depressive symptoms in a sample of sexual and gender minority (SGM) youth as well as interpersonal mediators of these associations. Participants included 94 SGM youth (Mage = 18; SD = 2.88) recruited from SGM-specific drop-in centers. We used mediation analyses to test the mediating effects of perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness on the associations between discrimination and suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and depressive symptoms, accounting for childhood trauma and sociodemographic variables (age, gender identity, race, and sexual orientation). Within our nonclinical community sample of SGM youth, 49% reported a lifetime suicide attempt, 84% reported current suicide ideation, and 82% reported current depressive symptoms. Experiencing discrimination was associated with greater likelihood of suicide attempts and depressive symptoms, and greater perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness, over and above the effects of childhood trauma and sociodemographic variables. Discrimination was indirectly associated with greater depressive symptoms through perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness, and with greater severity of suicidal ideation through perceived burdensomeness. Findings suggest clinicians should assess for discrimination and include a focus on perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness as targets of intervention for suicide and depression. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) IDÉATION
TENTATIVE
ADOLESCENT
JEUNE-ADULTE
HOMOSEXUALITÉ
DÉPRESSION},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
We examined the unique associations among discrimination, suicidal thoughts, suicide attempts, and depressive symptoms in a sample of sexual and gender minority (SGM) youth as well as interpersonal mediators of these associations. Participants included 94 SGM youth (Mage = 18; SD = 2.88) recruited from SGM-specific drop-in centers. We used mediation analyses to test the mediating effects of perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness on the associations between discrimination and suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and depressive symptoms, accounting for childhood trauma and sociodemographic variables (age, gender identity, race, and sexual orientation). Within our nonclinical community sample of SGM youth, 49% reported a lifetime suicide attempt, 84% reported current suicide ideation, and 82% reported current depressive symptoms. Experiencing discrimination was associated with greater likelihood of suicide attempts and depressive symptoms, and greater perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness, over and above the effects of childhood trauma and sociodemographic variables. Discrimination was indirectly associated with greater depressive symptoms through perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness, and with greater severity of suicidal ideation through perceived burdensomeness. Findings suggest clinicians should assess for discrimination and include a focus on perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness as targets of intervention for suicide and depression. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) IDÉATION
TENTATIVE
ADOLESCENT
JEUNE-ADULTE
HOMOSEXUALITÉ
DÉPRESSION
TENTATIVE
ADOLESCENT
JEUNE-ADULTE
HOMOSEXUALITÉ
DÉPRESSION
Wiglesworth, Andrea; Abate, Josephine P.; Klimes-Dougan, Bonnie
Suicide prevention public service announcements: Recall biases associated with increased risk for suicide Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 42, no 6, p. 448–454, 2021.
@article{wiglesworth_suicide_2021,
title = {Suicide prevention public service announcements: Recall biases associated with increased risk for suicide},
author = {Andrea Wiglesworth and Josephine P. Abate and Bonnie Klimes-Dougan},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000744},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {42},
number = {6},
pages = {448–454},
abstract = {Background: Suicide prevention public service announcements (PSAs) help to disseminate information about suicide and help-seeking options. However, little is known about how individuals at risk for suicide recall PSAs. Aims: The current project assessed which features of suicide prevention PSAs are recalled by young adult participants and whether there are differences between those who are at low or high risk for suicide. Method: Participants (N = 140) viewed a simulated suicide prevention billboard that consisted of a main message, help-seeking message, and graphical features. Participants provided written recollections of the billboard features approximately 15 min post-viewing, which were coded and analyzed. Results: High-risk participants were significantly less likely than low-risk participants to include a description of the help-seeking message in their written recall. Few group differences were noted in the recall of the main message or graphical features. Limitations: Recall was limited to short-term recall based on a single exposure. Efforts to enhance internal validity (e.g., measurement of suicide risk) and external validity (e.g., a balanced sample regarding sex and race) are recommended. Conclusions: Results suggest that new tactics may need to be considered when developing suicide prevention messages, including crafting help-seeking messages that are more easily committed to memory for target audiences. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) PRÉVENTION
CAMPAGNE-SENSIBILISATION
RECHERCHE-AIDE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: Suicide prevention public service announcements (PSAs) help to disseminate information about suicide and help-seeking options. However, little is known about how individuals at risk for suicide recall PSAs. Aims: The current project assessed which features of suicide prevention PSAs are recalled by young adult participants and whether there are differences between those who are at low or high risk for suicide. Method: Participants (N = 140) viewed a simulated suicide prevention billboard that consisted of a main message, help-seeking message, and graphical features. Participants provided written recollections of the billboard features approximately 15 min post-viewing, which were coded and analyzed. Results: High-risk participants were significantly less likely than low-risk participants to include a description of the help-seeking message in their written recall. Few group differences were noted in the recall of the main message or graphical features. Limitations: Recall was limited to short-term recall based on a single exposure. Efforts to enhance internal validity (e.g., measurement of suicide risk) and external validity (e.g., a balanced sample regarding sex and race) are recommended. Conclusions: Results suggest that new tactics may need to be considered when developing suicide prevention messages, including crafting help-seeking messages that are more easily committed to memory for target audiences. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) PRÉVENTION
CAMPAGNE-SENSIBILISATION
RECHERCHE-AIDE
CAMPAGNE-SENSIBILISATION
RECHERCHE-AIDE
Walker, Tammi; Shaw, Jenny; Gibb, Jonathan; Turpin, Clive; Reid, Catherine; Gutridge, Kerry; Abel, Kathryn
Lessons learnt from the narratives of women who self-harm in prison Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 42, no 4, p. 255–262, 2021.
@article{walker_lessons_2021,
title = {Lessons learnt from the narratives of women who self-harm in prison},
author = {Tammi Walker and Jenny Shaw and Jonathan Gibb and Clive Turpin and Catherine Reid and Kerry Gutridge and Kathryn Abel},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000714},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {42},
number = {4},
pages = {255–262},
abstract = {Background: In England and Wales, women in prison make up a minority (<5%) of the total custodial population, yet acts of self-harm are around five times more common among incarcerated women. While there has been a multiagency effort to improve how acts of self-harm are documented across prisons, the patterns and functions of self-harm for women in prison have not yet been fully addressed. Aims: We aimed to determine the patterns, prevalence, and functions of self-harm among women in prison through a mixed-methods study. Method: A total of 108 women with a history of self-harm were interviewed across three female prisons. Participants completed a structured questionnaire detailing their experiences of self-harm across prison and community settings. Results: We found that women in prison who frequently self-harmed disclosed high levels of trauma: past experiences of domestic violence (81.5%), childhood sexual abuse (66.7%), and adult sexual abuse (60.2%). Prevalent methods of recent in-prison acts of self-harm involved cutting, followed by ligaturing. Limitations: The study used a cross-sectional design, self-reported data, and featured a subset of women identified as being at high-risk of self-harm. Conclusion: Motivations behind acts of self-harm by women in prison are complex. Triggers appear to be past trauma, deteriorating mental health, and separation from children or family. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) GRANDE-BRETAGNE
ROYAUME-UNI
EUROPE
FEMME
TENTATIVE
DÉTENU
MILIEU-CARCÉRAL
AUTO-MUTILATION
COMPORTEMENT-AUTODESTRUCTEUR
TRAUMATISME
ÉVÉNEMENT-VIE
VIOLENCE-CONJUGALE
ABUS-SEXUEL},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: In England and Wales, women in prison make up a minority (<5%) of the total custodial population, yet acts of self-harm are around five times more common among incarcerated women. While there has been a multiagency effort to improve how acts of self-harm are documented across prisons, the patterns and functions of self-harm for women in prison have not yet been fully addressed. Aims: We aimed to determine the patterns, prevalence, and functions of self-harm among women in prison through a mixed-methods study. Method: A total of 108 women with a history of self-harm were interviewed across three female prisons. Participants completed a structured questionnaire detailing their experiences of self-harm across prison and community settings. Results: We found that women in prison who frequently self-harmed disclosed high levels of trauma: past experiences of domestic violence (81.5%), childhood sexual abuse (66.7%), and adult sexual abuse (60.2%). Prevalent methods of recent in-prison acts of self-harm involved cutting, followed by ligaturing. Limitations: The study used a cross-sectional design, self-reported data, and featured a subset of women identified as being at high-risk of self-harm. Conclusion: Motivations behind acts of self-harm by women in prison are complex. Triggers appear to be past trauma, deteriorating mental health, and separation from children or family. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) GRANDE-BRETAGNE
ROYAUME-UNI
EUROPE
FEMME
TENTATIVE
DÉTENU
MILIEU-CARCÉRAL
AUTO-MUTILATION
COMPORTEMENT-AUTODESTRUCTEUR
TRAUMATISME
ÉVÉNEMENT-VIE
VIOLENCE-CONJUGALE
ABUS-SEXUEL
ROYAUME-UNI
EUROPE
FEMME
TENTATIVE
DÉTENU
MILIEU-CARCÉRAL
AUTO-MUTILATION
COMPORTEMENT-AUTODESTRUCTEUR
TRAUMATISME
ÉVÉNEMENT-VIE
VIOLENCE-CONJUGALE
ABUS-SEXUEL
Vuuren, Cornelia Leontine; Wal, Marcel Franciscus; Cuijpers, Pim; Chinapaw, Mai Jeanette Maidy
Dans: Crisis, vol. 42, no 5, p. 369–377, 2021.
@article{van_vuuren_sociodemographic_2021,
title = {Sociodemographic differences in time trends of suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts among adolescents living in Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Time trends of suicidal behaviors among adolescents},
author = {Cornelia Leontine Vuuren and Marcel Franciscus Wal and Pim Cuijpers and Mai Jeanette Maidy Chinapaw},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000735},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {42},
number = {5},
pages = {369–377},
abstract = {Background: Suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts among adolescents are major public health problems. More insight into secular changes in suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts among adolescents from various sociodemographic groups is crucial for adequate and targeted policy-making and prevention. We therefore examined 5-year time trends in suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts among adolescents and potential differences in time trends between sociodemographic groups. Methods: Logistic regression analyses were based on annually repeated cross-sectional data including 26,273 multi-ethnic students (13–14 years old) in the second year of various levels of secondary education in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Results: Overall, the prevalence of adolescents in Amsterdam with suicidal thoughts decreased from 17.6% during 2010–2011 to 13.2% during 2014–2015. The prevalence of adolescents reporting suicide attempts decreased from 2.9% to 1.9% over the observed 5-year period. We found differences in these time trends between subgroups based on ethnicity and educational level. Limitations: The use of confidential and self-reported data could have biased the results. Conclusion: In order for prevention policy to be effective it is important to pay attention to changes in risk groups for suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts over time. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) PAYS-BAS
EUROPE
ADOLESCENT
IDÉATION
TENTATIVE
PRÉVALENCE
FACTEUR-SOCIODÉMOGRAPHIQUE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: Suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts among adolescents are major public health problems. More insight into secular changes in suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts among adolescents from various sociodemographic groups is crucial for adequate and targeted policy-making and prevention. We therefore examined 5-year time trends in suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts among adolescents and potential differences in time trends between sociodemographic groups. Methods: Logistic regression analyses were based on annually repeated cross-sectional data including 26,273 multi-ethnic students (13–14 years old) in the second year of various levels of secondary education in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Results: Overall, the prevalence of adolescents in Amsterdam with suicidal thoughts decreased from 17.6% during 2010–2011 to 13.2% during 2014–2015. The prevalence of adolescents reporting suicide attempts decreased from 2.9% to 1.9% over the observed 5-year period. We found differences in these time trends between subgroups based on ethnicity and educational level. Limitations: The use of confidential and self-reported data could have biased the results. Conclusion: In order for prevention policy to be effective it is important to pay attention to changes in risk groups for suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts over time. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) PAYS-BAS
EUROPE
ADOLESCENT
IDÉATION
TENTATIVE
PRÉVALENCE
FACTEUR-SOCIODÉMOGRAPHIQUE
EUROPE
ADOLESCENT
IDÉATION
TENTATIVE
PRÉVALENCE
FACTEUR-SOCIODÉMOGRAPHIQUE
Haugen, Jaimie Stickl; Sutter, Claudia C.; Jones, Jessica L. Tinstman; Campbell, Laurie O.
The Teacher Expectations and Values for Suicide Prevention Scale: Confirmatory factor analysis and validation Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 42, no 3, p. 186–193, 2021.
@article{stickl_haugen_teacher_2021,
title = {The Teacher Expectations and Values for Suicide Prevention Scale: Confirmatory factor analysis and validation},
author = {Jaimie Stickl Haugen and Claudia C. Sutter and Jessica L. Tinstman Jones and Laurie O. Campbell},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000706},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {42},
number = {3},
pages = {186–193},
abstract = {Background: Teachers play a critical role in youth suicide prevention, yet few psychometrically sound instruments exist to measure teachers' expectations and values regarding suicide prevention. Aims: This study examined the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Teacher Expectations and Values for Suicide Prevention (TEVSP) Scale. Method: The TEVSP was administered to 500 teachers in the United States. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to determine the factor structure and bivariate correlations were used to investigate convergent and discriminant validity. Mann–Whitney U tests investigated group differences in TEVSP scores between participants who had received suicide training and those who had not. Results: Results support a three-factor hierarchical model with strong internal consistency and evidence of validity. Significant differences were found in TEVSP scores between groups. Limitations: There is a need to further explore the psychometric properties of the scale across samples and face-to-face methods. Conclusion: The TEVSP is a sound instrument that can be used to measure teachers' expectations and values for suicide prevention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) PRÉVENTION
PERSONNEL-SCOLAIRE
PSYCHOMÉTRIE
INSTRUMENT
VALIDITÉ},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: Teachers play a critical role in youth suicide prevention, yet few psychometrically sound instruments exist to measure teachers' expectations and values regarding suicide prevention. Aims: This study examined the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Teacher Expectations and Values for Suicide Prevention (TEVSP) Scale. Method: The TEVSP was administered to 500 teachers in the United States. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to determine the factor structure and bivariate correlations were used to investigate convergent and discriminant validity. Mann–Whitney U tests investigated group differences in TEVSP scores between participants who had received suicide training and those who had not. Results: Results support a three-factor hierarchical model with strong internal consistency and evidence of validity. Significant differences were found in TEVSP scores between groups. Limitations: There is a need to further explore the psychometric properties of the scale across samples and face-to-face methods. Conclusion: The TEVSP is a sound instrument that can be used to measure teachers' expectations and values for suicide prevention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) PRÉVENTION
PERSONNEL-SCOLAIRE
PSYCHOMÉTRIE
INSTRUMENT
VALIDITÉ
PERSONNEL-SCOLAIRE
PSYCHOMÉTRIE
INSTRUMENT
VALIDITÉ
Sinyor, Mark; Kiss, Alex; Williams, Marissa; Zaheer, Rabia; Pirkis, Jane; Heisel, Marnin J.; Schaffer, Ayal; Redelmeier, Donald A.; Cheung, Amy H.; Niederkrotenthaler, Thomas
Changes in suicide reporting quality and deaths in Ontario following publication of national media guidelines Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 42, no 5, p. 378–385, 2021.
@article{sinyor_changes_2021,
title = {Changes in suicide reporting quality and deaths in Ontario following publication of national media guidelines},
author = {Mark Sinyor and Alex Kiss and Marissa Williams and Rabia Zaheer and Jane Pirkis and Marnin J. Heisel and Ayal Schaffer and Donald A. Redelmeier and Amy H. Cheung and Thomas Niederkrotenthaler},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000737},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {42},
number = {5},
pages = {378–385},
abstract = {Background: Media guidelines can influence suicide-related reporting quality and may impact suicide rates. Aim: Our study aimed to investigate the quality of suicide-related reporting after the release of the 2009 Canadian Psychiatric Association (CPA) guidelines and their impact on suicides. Method: A random sample of suicide-related articles (n = 988) were retrieved from 12 major Canadian print/online publications (2002–2015). Articles were coded for quality of content before and after guidelines release. Suicide mortality data were obtained from Ontario coroner records. Time series analyses were used to identify associations between guideline publication and subsequent suicides. Results: The CPA guidelines were associated with improvements in reporting quality with 10 putatively harmful elements being less frequent after their publication. These included less frequent front-page articles, monocausal (simplistic) explanations for suicide, and depictions of suicide methods. Two putatively protective factors, alternatives to suicide and messages of hope, were twice and four times as common, respectively, after the guidelines. The guidelines were not associated with a change in suicide counts. Limitations: This study could not prove exposure to suicide reporting. Conclusion: Publication of Canadian media guidelines was associated with significant, moderate-sized improvements in reporting quality but not with decreased suicides. The latter finding may reflect only modest dissemination and implementation of the guidelines. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) ONTARIO
CANADA
MÉDIA
PRESSE-ÉCRITE
RECOMMANDATION},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: Media guidelines can influence suicide-related reporting quality and may impact suicide rates. Aim: Our study aimed to investigate the quality of suicide-related reporting after the release of the 2009 Canadian Psychiatric Association (CPA) guidelines and their impact on suicides. Method: A random sample of suicide-related articles (n = 988) were retrieved from 12 major Canadian print/online publications (2002–2015). Articles were coded for quality of content before and after guidelines release. Suicide mortality data were obtained from Ontario coroner records. Time series analyses were used to identify associations between guideline publication and subsequent suicides. Results: The CPA guidelines were associated with improvements in reporting quality with 10 putatively harmful elements being less frequent after their publication. These included less frequent front-page articles, monocausal (simplistic) explanations for suicide, and depictions of suicide methods. Two putatively protective factors, alternatives to suicide and messages of hope, were twice and four times as common, respectively, after the guidelines. The guidelines were not associated with a change in suicide counts. Limitations: This study could not prove exposure to suicide reporting. Conclusion: Publication of Canadian media guidelines was associated with significant, moderate-sized improvements in reporting quality but not with decreased suicides. The latter finding may reflect only modest dissemination and implementation of the guidelines. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) ONTARIO
CANADA
MÉDIA
PRESSE-ÉCRITE
RECOMMANDATION
CANADA
MÉDIA
PRESSE-ÉCRITE
RECOMMANDATION
Roush, Jared F.; O'Brien, Karen M.; Ruha, Allyson L.
Evaluating a recovery-oriented intensive outpatient program for veterans at risk for suicide Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 42, no 3, p. 218–224, 2021.
@article{roush_evaluating_2021,
title = {Evaluating a recovery-oriented intensive outpatient program for veterans at risk for suicide},
author = {Jared F. Roush and Karen M. O'Brien and Allyson L. Ruha},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000703},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {42},
number = {3},
pages = {218–224},
abstract = {Background: Suicide is the 10th leading cause of death in the United States and suicide risk is elevated among military veterans. Risk for suicide is inherently transdiagnostic, complex, and multifaceted, which means a comprehensive psychotherapeutic approach to risk mitigation is required. Aims: Our aims were to summarize findings from an evaluation of an interdisciplinary, recovery-oriented intensive outpatient program (IR-IOP) that includes evidence-based suicide prevention stategies for veterans with varying psychiatric diagnoses who are at risk for suicide. Method: Veterans completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation prior to and following their participation in the IR-IOP. Results: A significant decrease in the severity of suicide ideation was found between pre- and posttreatment. Limitations: This program evaluation utilized archival data and, as such, there was not a control group and posttreatment follow-up data were not collected. Conclusion: Preliminary findings suggest an IR-IOP for veterans with heterogenous psychiatric diagnoses utilizing a multifaceted psychotherapeutic approach to suicide prevention may be effective in reducing suicide ideation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) ÉTATS-UNIS
PRÉVENTION
MILITAIRE
RETRAITÉ
PATIENT-PSYCHIATRIQUE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: Suicide is the 10th leading cause of death in the United States and suicide risk is elevated among military veterans. Risk for suicide is inherently transdiagnostic, complex, and multifaceted, which means a comprehensive psychotherapeutic approach to risk mitigation is required. Aims: Our aims were to summarize findings from an evaluation of an interdisciplinary, recovery-oriented intensive outpatient program (IR-IOP) that includes evidence-based suicide prevention stategies for veterans with varying psychiatric diagnoses who are at risk for suicide. Method: Veterans completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation prior to and following their participation in the IR-IOP. Results: A significant decrease in the severity of suicide ideation was found between pre- and posttreatment. Limitations: This program evaluation utilized archival data and, as such, there was not a control group and posttreatment follow-up data were not collected. Conclusion: Preliminary findings suggest an IR-IOP for veterans with heterogenous psychiatric diagnoses utilizing a multifaceted psychotherapeutic approach to suicide prevention may be effective in reducing suicide ideation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) ÉTATS-UNIS
PRÉVENTION
MILITAIRE
RETRAITÉ
PATIENT-PSYCHIATRIQUE
PRÉVENTION
MILITAIRE
RETRAITÉ
PATIENT-PSYCHIATRIQUE
Roškar, Saška; Sedlar, Nataša; Furman, Lucija; Roškar, Maja; Podlesek, Anja
Association of selected area-level indicators with suicide mortality in Slovenian municipalities Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 42, no 6, p. 441–447, 2021.
@article{roskar_association_2021,
title = {Association of selected area-level indicators with suicide mortality in Slovenian municipalities},
author = {Saška Roškar and Nataša Sedlar and Lucija Furman and Maja Roškar and Anja Podlesek},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000742},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {42},
number = {6},
pages = {441–447},
abstract = {Background: With an average suicide rate of 20 per 100,000 in the last decade, Slovenia is above the EU average. There are considerable regional differences in suicide mortality within the country. Aim: We aimed to investigate the relationship between selected indicators at area level and the suicide rate in Slovenian municipalities. Method: Sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and (mental) health data in the years 2012–2016 were analyzed for 212 municipalities. Robust correlation and regression analyses were performed to determine the relationship between different variables and the suicide rate. Results: The suicide rate was positively associated with the percentage of male inhabitants, the high social cohesion in the neighborhood, and the number of sick leave days per capita. It was negatively related to the net income per capita, the marriage rate, the divorce rate, and the availability of professional mental healthcare services. Limitations: The small suicide frequencies within municipalities constitute a limitation of the study. Conclusion: Factors at local, municipal level can be linked to the risk of suicide. In Slovenia, neighborhood cohesion is one of the factors that should be considered when designing suicide prevention measures in a community. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) SLOVÉNIE
EUROPE
SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
FACTEUR-SOCIODÉMOGRAPHIQUE
COMMUNAUTÉ},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: With an average suicide rate of 20 per 100,000 in the last decade, Slovenia is above the EU average. There are considerable regional differences in suicide mortality within the country. Aim: We aimed to investigate the relationship between selected indicators at area level and the suicide rate in Slovenian municipalities. Method: Sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and (mental) health data in the years 2012–2016 were analyzed for 212 municipalities. Robust correlation and regression analyses were performed to determine the relationship between different variables and the suicide rate. Results: The suicide rate was positively associated with the percentage of male inhabitants, the high social cohesion in the neighborhood, and the number of sick leave days per capita. It was negatively related to the net income per capita, the marriage rate, the divorce rate, and the availability of professional mental healthcare services. Limitations: The small suicide frequencies within municipalities constitute a limitation of the study. Conclusion: Factors at local, municipal level can be linked to the risk of suicide. In Slovenia, neighborhood cohesion is one of the factors that should be considered when designing suicide prevention measures in a community. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) SLOVÉNIE
EUROPE
SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
FACTEUR-SOCIODÉMOGRAPHIQUE
COMMUNAUTÉ
EUROPE
SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
FACTEUR-SOCIODÉMOGRAPHIQUE
COMMUNAUTÉ
Quarshie, Emmanuel Nii-Boye; Odame, Samuel Kofi; Annor, Francis
Suicidal behaviors in the Ghana police service: Prevalence and correlates in the Greater Accra Region Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 42, no 3, p. 194–201, 2021.
@article{quarshie_suicidal_2021,
title = {Suicidal behaviors in the Ghana police service: Prevalence and correlates in the Greater Accra Region},
author = {Emmanuel Nii-Boye Quarshie and Samuel Kofi Odame and Francis Annor},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000707},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {42},
number = {3},
pages = {194–201},
abstract = {Background: Despite recent media reports showing disturbing trends of police suicides in Ghana, no published studies are available from the country. Aims: We sought to estimate the prevalence and describe some of the correlates of suicidal behaviors among police officers in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. Method: We surveyed a convenience sample of 268 police officers, using the Suicide Behavior Questionnaire-Revised to assess suicidal ideation, planning, threat, and attempt. Results: Whereas lifetime suicidal ideation (28%), planning (3%), threat (21.6%), and 12-month suicidal ideation (26.9%) were reported, no participating police officer reported ever attempting suicide. Moonlighting showed the strongest statistically significant association with 12-month suicidal ideation, while age, marital status, and job satisfaction also emerged as statistically significant correlates of suicidal ideation. Limitations: The busy nature of police work precluded random selection. The criminalized and tabooed status of attempted suicide in Ghana might have led participants to provide guarded and socially desirable responses. Conclusion: Intervention efforts are needed to prevent the onset of suicidal ideation and possible transition to suicide among police officers in Ghana. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) GHANA
AFRIQUE
IDÉATION
INTENTION
TENTATIVE
POLICE
FACTEUR-RISQUE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: Despite recent media reports showing disturbing trends of police suicides in Ghana, no published studies are available from the country. Aims: We sought to estimate the prevalence and describe some of the correlates of suicidal behaviors among police officers in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. Method: We surveyed a convenience sample of 268 police officers, using the Suicide Behavior Questionnaire-Revised to assess suicidal ideation, planning, threat, and attempt. Results: Whereas lifetime suicidal ideation (28%), planning (3%), threat (21.6%), and 12-month suicidal ideation (26.9%) were reported, no participating police officer reported ever attempting suicide. Moonlighting showed the strongest statistically significant association with 12-month suicidal ideation, while age, marital status, and job satisfaction also emerged as statistically significant correlates of suicidal ideation. Limitations: The busy nature of police work precluded random selection. The criminalized and tabooed status of attempted suicide in Ghana might have led participants to provide guarded and socially desirable responses. Conclusion: Intervention efforts are needed to prevent the onset of suicidal ideation and possible transition to suicide among police officers in Ghana. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) GHANA
AFRIQUE
IDÉATION
INTENTION
TENTATIVE
POLICE
FACTEUR-RISQUE
AFRIQUE
IDÉATION
INTENTION
TENTATIVE
POLICE
FACTEUR-RISQUE
Prabhakar, Deepak; Peterson, Edward L.; Hu, Yong; Chawa, Simran; Rossom, Rebecca C.; Lynch, Frances L.; Lu, Christine Y.; Waitzfelder, Beth E.; Owen-Smith, Ashli A.; Williams, L. Keoki; Beck, Arne; Simon, Gregory E.; Ahmedani, Brian K.
Serious suicide attempts and risk of suicide death: A case–control study in the US healthcare systems Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 42, no 5, p. 343–350, 2021.
@article{prabhakar_serious_2021,
title = {Serious suicide attempts and risk of suicide death: A case–control study in the US healthcare systems},
author = {Deepak Prabhakar and Edward L. Peterson and Yong Hu and Simran Chawa and Rebecca C. Rossom and Frances L. Lynch and Christine Y. Lu and Beth E. Waitzfelder and Ashli A. Owen-Smith and L. Keoki Williams and Arne Beck and Gregory E. Simon and Brian K. Ahmedani},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000729},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {42},
number = {5},
pages = {343–350},
abstract = {Background: In the US, more than one million people attempt suicide each year. History of suicide attempt is a significant risk factor for death by suicide; however, there is a paucity of data from the US general population on this relationship. Aim: The objective of this study was to examine suicide attempts needing medical attention as a risk for suicide death. Method: We conducted a case–control study involving eight US healthcare systems. A total of 2,674 individuals who died by suicide from 2000 to 2013 were matched to 267,400 individuals by year and location. Results: Prior suicide attempt associated with a medical visit increases risk for suicide death by 39.1 times, particularly for women (OR = 79.2). However, only 11.3% of suicide deaths were associated with an attempt that required medical attention. The association was the strongest for children 10–14 years old (OR = 98.0). Most suicide attempts were recorded during the 20-week period prior to death. Limitations: Our study is limited to suicide attempts for which individuals sought medical care. Conclusion: In the US, prior suicide attempt is associated with an increased risk of suicide death; the risk is high especially during the period immediately following a nonlethal attempt. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) ÉTATS-UNIS
TENTATIVE
ANTÉCÉDENT-SUICIDAIRE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: In the US, more than one million people attempt suicide each year. History of suicide attempt is a significant risk factor for death by suicide; however, there is a paucity of data from the US general population on this relationship. Aim: The objective of this study was to examine suicide attempts needing medical attention as a risk for suicide death. Method: We conducted a case–control study involving eight US healthcare systems. A total of 2,674 individuals who died by suicide from 2000 to 2013 were matched to 267,400 individuals by year and location. Results: Prior suicide attempt associated with a medical visit increases risk for suicide death by 39.1 times, particularly for women (OR = 79.2). However, only 11.3% of suicide deaths were associated with an attempt that required medical attention. The association was the strongest for children 10–14 years old (OR = 98.0). Most suicide attempts were recorded during the 20-week period prior to death. Limitations: Our study is limited to suicide attempts for which individuals sought medical care. Conclusion: In the US, prior suicide attempt is associated with an increased risk of suicide death; the risk is high especially during the period immediately following a nonlethal attempt. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) ÉTATS-UNIS
TENTATIVE
ANTÉCÉDENT-SUICIDAIRE
TENTATIVE
ANTÉCÉDENT-SUICIDAIRE
Ordóñez-Carrasco, Jorge L.; Cuadrado-Guirado, Isabel; Rojas-Tejada, Antonio J.
Experiential avoidance in the context of the integrated motivational–volitional model of suicidal behavior: A moderation study Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 42, no 4, p. 284–291, 2021.
@article{ordonez-carrasco_experiential_2021,
title = {Experiential avoidance in the context of the integrated motivational–volitional model of suicidal behavior: A moderation study},
author = {Jorge L. Ordóñez-Carrasco and Isabel Cuadrado-Guirado and Antonio J. Rojas-Tejada},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000721},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {42},
number = {4},
pages = {284–291},
abstract = {Background: According to the integrated motivational–volitional model of suicide, the perception of defeat and entrapment are the variables involved in the development of suicidal ideation. However, entrapment is not an inevitable consequence of feeling defeated. This transition is moderated by a set of variables relating to the ability to resolve the state of defeat. Aim: We aimed to study the potential moderating role of experiential avoidance in the relationship between defeat and entrapment in young adults. Method: A sample of 644 participants residing in Spain (51.2% female; Mage = 25.91},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: According to the integrated motivational–volitional model of suicide, the perception of defeat and entrapment are the variables involved in the development of suicidal ideation. However, entrapment is not an inevitable consequence of feeling defeated. This transition is moderated by a set of variables relating to the ability to resolve the state of defeat. Aim: We aimed to study the potential moderating role of experiential avoidance in the relationship between defeat and entrapment in young adults. Method: A sample of 644 participants residing in Spain (51.2% female; Mage = 25.91
Mughal, Faraz; Gorton, Hayley C.; Michail, Maria; Robinson, Jo; Saini, Pooja
Suicide prevention in primary care: The opportunity for intervention Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 42, no 4, p. 241–246, 2021.
@article{mughal_suicide_2021,
title = {Suicide prevention in primary care: The opportunity for intervention},
author = {Faraz Mughal and Hayley C. Gorton and Maria Michail and Jo Robinson and Pooja Saini},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000817},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {42},
number = {4},
pages = {241–246},
abstract = {Suicide is a leading cause of death internationally, and self-harm significantly increases the risk of suicide (Hawton et al., 2015; World Health Organization, 2014). To tackle this global health crisis a multisystem, inter-faceted, joined-up approach across health and social care, education, judicial, financial, and voluntary sectors is needed. Within this, the health setting of primary care holds unlocked potential for suicide prevention (Michail et al., 2020). In this editorial, we outline the importance of focusing on primary care for suicide prevention and introduce a new special interest group for the International Association for Suicide Prevention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) PRÉVENTION},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Suicide is a leading cause of death internationally, and self-harm significantly increases the risk of suicide (Hawton et al., 2015; World Health Organization, 2014). To tackle this global health crisis a multisystem, inter-faceted, joined-up approach across health and social care, education, judicial, financial, and voluntary sectors is needed. Within this, the health setting of primary care holds unlocked potential for suicide prevention (Michail et al., 2020). In this editorial, we outline the importance of focusing on primary care for suicide prevention and introduce a new special interest group for the International Association for Suicide Prevention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) PRÉVENTION
Meurk, Carla; Wittenhagen, Lisa; Steele, Megan L.; Ferris, Laura; Edwards, Bronwen; Bosley, Emma; Heffernan, Ed
Examining the use of police and ambulance data in suicide research: A systematic scoping review of data linkage studies Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 42, no 5, p. 386–395, 2021.
@article{meurk_examining_2021,
title = {Examining the use of police and ambulance data in suicide research: A systematic scoping review of data linkage studies},
author = {Carla Meurk and Lisa Wittenhagen and Megan L. Steele and Laura Ferris and Bronwen Edwards and Emma Bosley and Ed Heffernan},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000739},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {42},
number = {5},
pages = {386–395},
abstract = {Background: Police and paramedics are often the first to respond to individuals in suicide crisis and have an important role to play in facilitating optimal care pathways. Yet, little evidence exists to inform these responses. Data linkage provides one approach to examining this knowledge gap. Aim: We identified studies that examined suicide behaviors and linked to police or ambulance data. Method: A systematic search of PubMed and Scopus was undertaken to identify data linkage studies that: (1) examined suicide behaviors, and (2) included police or ambulance data. Studies were reviewed to identify: aims; suicide behaviors examined; how these were measured; how the cohort was defined; topic area; and what datasets were linked. Results: Eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Six studies included police data, and two studies included ambulance data. No study included both. Two topic areas were identified: (1) suicide-related contact with police or ambulance services; and (2) associations between suicidal behaviors and violence, victimization, and criminality. Limitations: Limitations to the review include the potential to have missed studies that investigated or reported on suicidality under the guise of mental health problems; complexities and nuances arising from the role of police data in coronial investigations; and limitations in the number of databases searched. Conclusion: Police and ambulance data represent a currently underutilized source of valuable information relevant to suicide crises, and further research should aim to address this gap. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) COMPORTEMENT-SUICIDAIRE
REVUE-LITTÉRATURE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: Police and paramedics are often the first to respond to individuals in suicide crisis and have an important role to play in facilitating optimal care pathways. Yet, little evidence exists to inform these responses. Data linkage provides one approach to examining this knowledge gap. Aim: We identified studies that examined suicide behaviors and linked to police or ambulance data. Method: A systematic search of PubMed and Scopus was undertaken to identify data linkage studies that: (1) examined suicide behaviors, and (2) included police or ambulance data. Studies were reviewed to identify: aims; suicide behaviors examined; how these were measured; how the cohort was defined; topic area; and what datasets were linked. Results: Eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Six studies included police data, and two studies included ambulance data. No study included both. Two topic areas were identified: (1) suicide-related contact with police or ambulance services; and (2) associations between suicidal behaviors and violence, victimization, and criminality. Limitations: Limitations to the review include the potential to have missed studies that investigated or reported on suicidality under the guise of mental health problems; complexities and nuances arising from the role of police data in coronial investigations; and limitations in the number of databases searched. Conclusion: Police and ambulance data represent a currently underutilized source of valuable information relevant to suicide crises, and further research should aim to address this gap. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) COMPORTEMENT-SUICIDAIRE
REVUE-LITTÉRATURE
REVUE-LITTÉRATURE
McLaughlin, Joanna C.; Gunnell, David
Suicide deaths in university students in a UK city between 2010 and 2018 – Case series Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 42, no 3, p. 171–178, 2021.
@article{mclaughlin_suicide_2021,
title = {Suicide deaths in university students in a UK city between 2010 and 2018 – Case series},
author = {Joanna C. McLaughlin and David Gunnell},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000704},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {42},
number = {3},
pages = {171–178},
abstract = {Background: There are longstanding concerns over the mental health and suicide risk of university students in the UK and internationally. Aims: This study aimed to identify risk factors for suicide among students attending universities in a UK city. Method: Suicide deaths between January 2010 and July 2018 were identified from university records. An audit tool was used to collate data from university records and coroners' inquest files. Results: A total of 37 student deaths were identified. Only 10.8% of the students had disclosed a mental health issue at university entry. There was strong statistical evidence that students who died by suicide were more likely to have been male, experiencing academic difficulties (repeated years, changing course, and suspension of studies were all associated with a 5–30-fold increased risk), and in need of financial support compared with other students. Limitations: The coroners' records were only available for around half of the deaths. Healthcare records were not available. Conclusion: Markers of academic and financial difficulty should be considered as flags to identify students at heightened risk. Whilst the relative risk associated with academic difficulties is high, the absolute risk is low. Improved disclosure of mental health issues at university registration could facilitate targeted support for vulnerable students. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) ROYAUME-UNI
EUROPE
JEUNE-ADULTE
SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
ÉTUDIANT-UNIVERSITAIRE
FACTEUR-RISQUE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: There are longstanding concerns over the mental health and suicide risk of university students in the UK and internationally. Aims: This study aimed to identify risk factors for suicide among students attending universities in a UK city. Method: Suicide deaths between January 2010 and July 2018 were identified from university records. An audit tool was used to collate data from university records and coroners' inquest files. Results: A total of 37 student deaths were identified. Only 10.8% of the students had disclosed a mental health issue at university entry. There was strong statistical evidence that students who died by suicide were more likely to have been male, experiencing academic difficulties (repeated years, changing course, and suspension of studies were all associated with a 5–30-fold increased risk), and in need of financial support compared with other students. Limitations: The coroners' records were only available for around half of the deaths. Healthcare records were not available. Conclusion: Markers of academic and financial difficulty should be considered as flags to identify students at heightened risk. Whilst the relative risk associated with academic difficulties is high, the absolute risk is low. Improved disclosure of mental health issues at university registration could facilitate targeted support for vulnerable students. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) ROYAUME-UNI
EUROPE
JEUNE-ADULTE
SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
ÉTUDIANT-UNIVERSITAIRE
FACTEUR-RISQUE
EUROPE
JEUNE-ADULTE
SUICIDE-COMPLÉTÉ
ÉTUDIANT-UNIVERSITAIRE
FACTEUR-RISQUE
Mazzer, Kelly; O'Riordan, Megan; Woodward, Alan; Rickwood, Debra
A systematic review of user expectations and outcomes of crisis support services Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 42, no 6, p. 465–473, 2021.
@article{mazzer_systematic_2021,
title = {A systematic review of user expectations and outcomes of crisis support services},
author = {Kelly Mazzer and Megan O'Riordan and Alan Woodward and Debra Rickwood},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000745},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {42},
number = {6},
pages = {465–473},
abstract = {Background: Crisis support services play an important role in providing free, immediate access to support people in the community experiencing a personal crisis. Recently, services have expanded from telephone to digital modalities including online chat and text message services. This raises the question of what outcomes are being achieved for increasingly diverse service users across different modalities. Aims: This systematic review aimed to determine the expectations and outcomes of users of crisis support services across three modalities (telephone, online chat, and text message/SMS). Method: Online databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, Psychological and Behavioural Sciences Collection) and gray literature were searched for studies measuring expectations and outcomes of crisis support services. Results: A total of 31 studies were included in the review, the majority of which were telephone-based. Similar expectations were found for telephone and online chat modalities, as well as consistently positive outcomes, measured by changes in emotional state, satisfaction, and referral plans. Limitations/Conclusion: There is a paucity of consistent outcome measures across and within modalities and limited research about users of text message/SMS services. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) REVUE-LITTÉRATURE
INTERVENTION-CRISE
LIGNE-TÉLÉPHONIQUE},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: Crisis support services play an important role in providing free, immediate access to support people in the community experiencing a personal crisis. Recently, services have expanded from telephone to digital modalities including online chat and text message services. This raises the question of what outcomes are being achieved for increasingly diverse service users across different modalities. Aims: This systematic review aimed to determine the expectations and outcomes of users of crisis support services across three modalities (telephone, online chat, and text message/SMS). Method: Online databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, Psychological and Behavioural Sciences Collection) and gray literature were searched for studies measuring expectations and outcomes of crisis support services. Results: A total of 31 studies were included in the review, the majority of which were telephone-based. Similar expectations were found for telephone and online chat modalities, as well as consistently positive outcomes, measured by changes in emotional state, satisfaction, and referral plans. Limitations/Conclusion: There is a paucity of consistent outcome measures across and within modalities and limited research about users of text message/SMS services. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) REVUE-LITTÉRATURE
INTERVENTION-CRISE
LIGNE-TÉLÉPHONIQUE
INTERVENTION-CRISE
LIGNE-TÉLÉPHONIQUE
Martin, Rachel L.; Smith, Nicole S.; Caulfield, Nicole M.; Capron, Daniel W.
The pathways of aggression – Differential indirect associations between anxiety sensitivity cognitive concerns and suicidality Article de journal
Dans: Crisis, vol. 42, no 5, p. 335–342, 2021.
@article{martin_pathways_2021,
title = {The pathways of aggression – Differential indirect associations between anxiety sensitivity cognitive concerns and suicidality},
author = {Rachel L. Martin and Nicole S. Smith and Nicole M. Caulfield and Daniel W. Capron},
doi = {10.1027/0227-5910/a000725},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Crisis},
volume = {42},
number = {5},
pages = {335–342},
abstract = {Background: Suicide prevention efforts have focused on risk factors that help identify people with an increased risk for suicide. One risk factor related to suicide risk is anxiety sensitivity cognitive concerns (ASCC), which is the "fear of going crazy." The association between ASCC and suicidal ideation is hypothesized to result from the depression–distress amplification model, which postulates that ASCC exacerbates feelings of depression and concurrent distress. Furthermore, there is evidence for associations between ASCC/dysregulated anger and dysregulated anger/suicidal ideation. We hypothesized that aggression may provide pathways from ASCC to suicidality. The current study examined how facets of aggression (described as elevated agitation) meditated the association between ASCC and suicidality. Aims: The current study aimed to extend prior research by examining how different facets of aggression mediate the association between ASCC and suicidality. Method: Participants were 440 adults recruited online, 32.7% of whom endorsed experiencing lifetime suicidal ideation. Results: Our hypotheses were partially supported with two significant indirect effects. Results indicated that physical aggression and hostility provided significant indirect effects; however, verbal aggression and anger did not. Limitations: The study was cross-sectional in nature, limiting causal interpretations about the indirect effects. The sample included primarily White participants. Conclusion: Specific facets of aggression provide pathways through which ASCC is associated with suicidality. Aggression may be a catalyst for individuals to progress to suicidality. The current study provides foundational research for continued examination of physical aggression as a catalyst for suicide attempts. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) ADULTE
IDÉATION
FACTEUR-RISQUE
AGRESSIVITÉ
COLÈRE
DÉPRESSION
HOSTILITÉ},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: Suicide prevention efforts have focused on risk factors that help identify people with an increased risk for suicide. One risk factor related to suicide risk is anxiety sensitivity cognitive concerns (ASCC), which is the "fear of going crazy." The association between ASCC and suicidal ideation is hypothesized to result from the depression–distress amplification model, which postulates that ASCC exacerbates feelings of depression and concurrent distress. Furthermore, there is evidence for associations between ASCC/dysregulated anger and dysregulated anger/suicidal ideation. We hypothesized that aggression may provide pathways from ASCC to suicidality. The current study examined how facets of aggression (described as elevated agitation) meditated the association between ASCC and suicidality. Aims: The current study aimed to extend prior research by examining how different facets of aggression mediate the association between ASCC and suicidality. Method: Participants were 440 adults recruited online, 32.7% of whom endorsed experiencing lifetime suicidal ideation. Results: Our hypotheses were partially supported with two significant indirect effects. Results indicated that physical aggression and hostility provided significant indirect effects; however, verbal aggression and anger did not. Limitations: The study was cross-sectional in nature, limiting causal interpretations about the indirect effects. The sample included primarily White participants. Conclusion: Specific facets of aggression provide pathways through which ASCC is associated with suicidality. Aggression may be a catalyst for individuals to progress to suicidality. The current study provides foundational research for continued examination of physical aggression as a catalyst for suicide attempts. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) ADULTE
IDÉATION
FACTEUR-RISQUE
AGRESSIVITÉ
COLÈRE
DÉPRESSION
HOSTILITÉ
IDÉATION
FACTEUR-RISQUE
AGRESSIVITÉ
COLÈRE
DÉPRESSION
HOSTILITÉ
