Risk of postnatal depression or suicide after in vitro fertilisation treatment: a nationwide case-control study

Résumé

textbfOBJECTIVE: To examine whether women who undergo in vitro fertilisation (IVF) treatment are at greater risk of postnatal suicide or postnatal depression (PND) requiring psychiatric care, compared with women who conceive spontaneously. textbfDESIGN: Case-control study using data from national registers. textbfSETTING: Sweden during the period 2003-2009. textbfPOPULATION: Cases were 3532 primiparous women who had given birth following IVF treatment. An aged-matched control group of 8553 mothers was randomly selected from the medical birth register. textbfMETHODS: Logistic regression analyses were performed with PND as the outcome, and with known risk factors of PND as well as IVF/spontaneous birth as covariates. textbfMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Postnatal depression (PND), defined as diagnoses F32-F39 of the tenth edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), within 12 months of childbirth. textbfRESULTS: Initial analyses showed that PND was more common in the control group than in the IVF group (0.8 versus 0.4%; P = 0.04); however, these differences disappeared when confounding factors were controlled for. A history of any psychiatric illness (P = 0.000; odds ratio